web框架之Spring-MVC環境搭建

spring框架jar包

1、下載spring源包
spring地址：http://www.springsource.org/download
我下的是spring-framework-3.1.0.RELEASE-with-docs.zip
下載依賴包：spring-framework-3.0.5.RELEASE-dependencies.zip
注意官網上3.0.3版本以后同版本依賴包不提供下載

2、導入所需jar包
引入dist目錄下除了下面三個其余所有包
org.springframework.web.struts-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.spring-library-3.1.0.RELEASE.libd
org.springframework.web.portlet-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar
引入依賴包下com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar及com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar

spring框架配置

1、web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID"
    version="3.0">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <!-- 應用上下文配置文件 -->
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- 配置spring核心servlet -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <!-- url-pattern配置為/，不帶文件后綴，會造成其它靜態文件(js，css等)不能訪問。如配為*.do，則不影響靜態文件的訪問 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

2、應用上下文配置
spring-servlet.xml即配置用於開啟基於注解的springMVC功能，照web.xml中設定，路徑為WEB-INF下

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
     <!-- 啟動注解驅動的Spring MVC功能，注冊請求url和注解POJO類方法的映射-->
     <mvc:annotation-driven />
     <!-- 啟動包掃描功能，以便注冊帶有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的類成為spring的bean -->
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest" />
     <!-- 對模型視圖名稱的解析，在請求時模型視圖名稱添加前后綴 -->
     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />
</beans>

Demo例子
1、根據spring-servlet.xml配置的包路徑（com.mvc.rest）新建Constroller

package com.mvc.rest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class RestConstroller {
    public RestConstroller() {}
    @RequestMapping(value = "/login/{user}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView myMethod(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,
            @PathVariable("user") String user, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception {
        modelMap.put("loginUser", user);
        return new ModelAndView("/login/hello", modelMap);
    }
    @RequestMapping(value = "/welcome", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String registPost() {
        return "/welcome";
    }
}

2、建jsp視圖

視圖路徑在spring-servlet.xml配置（/WEB-INF/view/），據上述RestConstroller 類，我們在WEB-INF下建立view目錄，在view下建立welcome.jsp及login/hello.jsp
welcome.jsp隨意，hello.jsp代碼如下：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'hello.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
</head>
<body>
    你好:<%=request.getAttribute("loginUser") %>，現在時間是<%= new Date() %>
</body>
</html>

3、部署訪問
http://localhost:8080/SpringMvcDemo/welcome