NHibernate Session-per-request and MiniProfiler.NHibernate

前言

　　1、本文以mvc3為例，借鑒開源項目 NerdDnner項目完成nhibernate中的 Session-per-request 模式，本文創建了一個自定義的httpmodel類，來實現在http請求的時候創建並開啟一個session並綁定到CurrentSessionContext中，當請求完成以后關閉，同時包含對事物的處理。

　　2、利用MiniProfiler.NHibernate來追蹤項目中的產生的sql，便於我們及時發現問題及時處理。MiniProfiler.NHibernate現在可以在nuget上直接獲取或者可以去github中下載源碼查看。

實現Session per request

public class NHibernateSessionPerRequest : IHttpModule
    {
        private static readonly ISessionFactory sessionFactory;

        //構造函數
        static NHibernateSessionPerRequest()
        {
            sessionFactory = CreateSessionFactory();
        }

        // 初始化httpmodel
        public void Init( HttpApplication context )
        {
            context.BeginRequest += BeginRequest;
            context.EndRequest += EndRequest;
        }

        public void Dispose() { }

        public static ISession GetCurrentSession()
        {
            return sessionFactory.GetCurrentSession();
        }

        // 打開session, 開啟事務, 綁定session到CurrentSessionContext
        private static void BeginRequest( object sender, EventArgs e )
        {
            ISession session = sessionFactory.OpenSession();

            session.BeginTransaction();

            CurrentSessionContext.Bind( session );
        }

        // 移除session會話, 事物提交, and 關閉session會話
        private static void EndRequest( object sender, EventArgs e )
        {
            ISession session = CurrentSessionContext.Unbind( sessionFactory );

            if ( session == null ) return;

            try
            {
                session.Transaction.Commit();
            }
            catch ( Exception )
            {
                session.Transaction.Rollback();
            }
            finally
            {
                session.Close();
                session.Dispose();
            }
        }

        // 創建sessionfactory
        private static ISessionFactory CreateSessionFactory()
        {
            return Fluently.Configure(new Configuration().Configure())
                .Mappings( m => m.AutoMappings.Add( CreateMappings() ) )
                .ExposeConfiguration( UpdateSchema )
                .CurrentSessionContext<WebSessionContext>()
                .BuildSessionFactory();
        }
        
        private static AutoPersistenceModel CreateMappings()
        {
            return AutoMap
                .Assembly( System.Reflection.Assembly.GetCallingAssembly() )
                .Where( t => t.Namespace != null && t.Namespace.EndsWith( "Models" ) )
                .Conventions.Setup( c => c.Add( DefaultCascade.SaveUpdate() ) );
        }
        
        // 生成數據庫架構
        private static void UpdateSchema( Configuration cfg )
        {
            new SchemaUpdate( cfg )
                .Execute( false, true );
        }
    }

此類的nh的配置采用fluent的方式配置映射，可以生成數據庫架構，ISessionFactory在每次請求中只會生成一次，當我們需要session的時候只需調用GetCurrentSession方法，當http請求的時候session創建並存儲在CurrentSessionContext.Bind()中，並開啟事物操作，當請求結束的時候 CurrentSessionContext.Unbind()移除session，事物提交並將session關閉。這里存在一些問題：盡管session是非常輕量級的，這樣每一次http請求都會去創建session，並不能做到我們真正需要的時候去創建。

注冊httpmodel：

在web.config中添加如下2處節點：

測試程序

Models：

public class Employee
    {
        public virtual int Id { get; protected set; }
        public virtual string FirstName { get; set; }
        public virtual string LastName { get; set; }
        public virtual Store Store { get; set; }
    }
public class Product
    {
        public virtual int Id { get; protected set; }
        public virtual string Name { get; set; }
        public virtual double Price { get; set; }
        public virtual IList<Store> StoresStockedIn { get; protected set; }

        public Product()
        {
            StoresStockedIn = new List<Store>();
        }
    }
public class Store
    {
        public virtual int Id { get; protected set; }
        public virtual string Name { get; set; }
        public virtual IList<Product> Products { get; protected set; }
        public virtual IList<Employee> Staff { get; protected set; }

        public Store()
        {
            Products = new List<Product>();
            Staff = new List<Employee>();
        }

        public virtual void AddProduct( Product product )
        {
            product.StoresStockedIn.Add( this );
            Products.Add( product );
        }

        public virtual void AddEmployee( Employee employee )
        {
            employee.Store = this;
            Staff.Add( employee );
        }
    }

Repositories:

public interface IRepository<T>
    {
        IQueryable<T> GetAll();
        IQueryable<T> Get( Expression<Func<T, bool>> predicate );
        IEnumerable<T> SaveOrUpdateAll( params T[] entities );
        T SaveOrUpdate( T entity );
    }
public class Repository<T> : IRepository<T>
    {
        private readonly ISession session;

        public Repository()
        {
            session = NHibernateSessionPerRequest.GetCurrentSession();
        }

        public IQueryable<T> GetAll()
        {
            return session.Query<T>();
        }

        public IQueryable<T> Get( Expression<Func<T, bool>> predicate )
        {
            return GetAll().Where( predicate );
        }

        public IEnumerable<T> SaveOrUpdateAll( params T[] entities )
        {
            foreach ( var entity in entities )
            {
                session.SaveOrUpdate( entity );
            }

            return entities;
        }

        public T SaveOrUpdate( T entity )
        {
            session.SaveOrUpdate( entity );

            return entity;
        }
    }

HomeController：

public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IRepository<Store> storeRepository;
        public HomeController()
        {
            storeRepository = new Repository<Store>();
        }
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            var stores = storeRepository.GetAll();

            return View(stores.ToList());
        }
        public ActionResult Test()
        {
            var barginBasin = storeRepository.Get(s => s.Name == "Bargin Basin").SingleOrDefault();

            if (barginBasin == null)
            {
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }

            barginBasin.Name = "Bargain Basin";

            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }

        public ActionResult Seed()
        {
            var barginBasin = new Store { Name = "Bargin Basin" };
            var superMart = new Store { Name = "SuperMart" };

            var potatoes = new Product { Name = "Potatoes", Price = 3.60 };
            var fish = new Product { Name = "Fish", Price = 4.49 };
            var milk = new Product { Name = "Milk", Price = 0.79 };
            var bread = new Product { Name = "Bread", Price = 1.29 };
            var cheese = new Product { Name = "Cheese", Price = 2.10 };
            var waffles = new Product { Name = "Waffles", Price = 2.41 };

            var daisy = new Employee { FirstName = "Daisy", LastName = "Harrison" };
            var jack = new Employee { FirstName = "Jack", LastName = "Torrance" };
            var sue = new Employee { FirstName = "Sue", LastName = "Walkters" };
            var bill = new Employee { FirstName = "Bill", LastName = "Taft" };
            var joan = new Employee { FirstName = "Joan", LastName = "Pope" };


            AddProductsToStore(barginBasin, potatoes, fish, milk, bread, cheese);
            AddProductsToStore(superMart, bread, cheese, waffles);


            AddEmployeesToStore(barginBasin, daisy, jack, sue);
            AddEmployeesToStore(superMart, bill, joan);

            storeRepository.SaveOrUpdateAll(barginBasin, superMart);

            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }

        private void AddProductsToStore(Store store, params Product[] products)
        {
            foreach (var product in products)
            {
                store.AddProduct(product);
            }
        }

        private void AddEmployeesToStore(Store store, params Employee[] employees)
        {
            foreach (var employee in employees)
            {
                store.AddEmployee(employee);
            }
        }
    }

完成以后，修改hibernate.cfg.xml中的鏈接字符串等，並將其屬性復制到輸出目錄修改為：如果較新則復制，運行程序請求index方法，將會產生數據庫架構。

配置MiniProfiler.NHibernate

1、使用nuget控制台Install-Package MiniProfiler.NHibernate安裝，或者參考github中的代碼自己寫一個

2、修改NH配置文件中的數據庫驅動類，將connection.driver_class幾點替換為

<property name="connection.driver_class">
      StackExchange.Profiling.NHibernate.Drivers.MiniProfilerSql2008ClientDriver,StackExchange.Profiling.NHibernate
    </property>

3、在模板頁中中的<head>節點添加@MiniProfiler.RenderIncludes()方法調用，修改Global.asax，添加如下代碼：

protected void Application_BeginRequest()
        {
            if (Request.IsLocal)
            {
                MiniProfiler.Start();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 終止時結束
        /// </summary>
        protected void Application_EndRequest()
        {
            MiniProfiler.Stop();
        }

配置完成后運行程序，便可以看到MiniProfiler.NHibernate的效果了，使用它可以幫我們監控nh產生的sql及時優化代碼，舉個例子，運行請求home/seed的測試數據方法，看看追蹤的效果

 

文章結束，時間倉促代碼粗略，文中若有不合理的地方，歡迎批評指正。