Android Bundle總結


Android Bundle總結

 

 

版本

修改內容

日期

修改人

1.0

初稿

2013/03/06

skywang

 

 

 

 



1 Bundle介紹

Bundle主要用於傳遞數據;它保存的數據,是以key-value(鍵值對)的形式存在的。

 

我們經常使用Bundle在Activity之間傳遞數據,傳遞的數據可以是boolean、byte、int、long、float、double、string等基本類型或它們對應的數組,也可以是對象或對象數組。當Bundle傳遞的是對象或對象數組時,必須實現Serializable 或Parcelable接口。下面分別介紹Activity之間如何傳遞基本類型、傳遞對象。

 

2傳遞基本類型

Bundle提供了各種常用類型的putXxx()/getXxx()方法,用於讀寫基本類型的數據。Bundle操作基本數據類型的API表格如下所示:

 

寫數據的方法如下:

// "com.test" is the package name of the destination class
// "com.test.Activity02" is the full class path of the destination class
Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");

Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("name", "skywang");
bundle.putInt("height", 175);
intent.putExtras(bundle);

startActivity(intent);

// end current class
finish();


對應的讀數據的方法如下:

Bundle bundle = this.getIntent().getExtras();  
  
String name = bundle.getString("name");  
int height = bundle.getInt("height");


3傳遞Parcelable類型的對象

3.1 Parcelable說明

Parcelable是Android自定義的一個接口,它包括了將數據寫入Parcel和從Parcel中讀出的API。一個實體(用類來表示),如果需要封裝到bundle消息中去,可以通過實現Parcelable接口來實現。


Parcelable和Serializable的API如下表:



3.2 Parcelable接口說明

public interface Parcelable {
    //內容描述接口,基本不用管
    public int describeContents();
    //寫入接口函數,打包
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags);
    //讀取接口,目的是要從Parcel中構造一個實現了Parcelable的類的實例處理。因為實現類在這里還是不可知的,所以需要用到模板的方式,繼承類名通過模板參數傳入。
    //為了能夠實現模板參數的傳入,這里定義Creator嵌入接口,內含兩個接口函數分別返回單個和多個繼承類實例。
    public interface Creator<T> {
        public T createFromParcel(Parcel source);
        public T[] newArray(int size);
 }
}


3.3 Parcelable接口的實現方法

從parcelable接口定義中,我們可以看到,實現parcelable接口,需要我們實現下面幾個方法:
(01)describeContents方法。內容接口描述,默認返回0就可以;
(02)writeToParcel 方法。該方法將類的數據寫入外部提供的Parcel中.即打包需要傳遞的數據到Parcel容器保存,以便從parcel容器獲取數據,該方法聲明如下:
writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) 具體參數含義見doc文檔
(3.)靜態的Parcelable.Creator接口,本接口有兩個方法:
createFromParcel(Parcelin)  從Parcel容器中讀取傳遞數據值,封裝成Parcelable對象返回邏輯層。
newArray(int size) 創建一個類型為T,長度為size的數組,僅一句話(returnnew T[size])即可。方法是供外部類反序列化本類數組使用。

 

4傳遞Serializable類型的對象

4.1 Serializable說明

Serializable是一個對象序列化的接口。一個類只有實現了Serializable接口,它的對象才是可序列化的。因此如果要序列化某些類的對象,這些類就必須實現Serializable接口。而實際上,Serializable是一個空接口,沒有什么具體內容,它的目的只是簡單的標識一個類的對象可以被序列化。

4.2 Serializable接口的實現方法

很簡單,只要implements Serializable接口就可以了

 

5 demo演示程序

下面是對實現上述三種數據傳遞方式的BundleTest(demo程序)進行簡要介紹

5.1 demo概要

BundleTest共包含了4個java文件和2個layout文件(main.xml和main2.xml)

Bundle01.java     —— 默認的主Activity窗口。

Bundle02.java     —— 主Activity用於跳轉的目的窗口。

Book.java            —— 實現Parcelable接口的類

Person.java        —— 實現Serializable接口的類

main.xml             —— Bundle01.java的layout文件

main2.xml           —— Bundle02.java的layout文件

 

工程文件結構如下所示:


 

5.2代碼

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.bundletest"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
	
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".Bundle01"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
		<activity android:name=".Bundle02"> </activity>
    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="11" />
</manifest> 



main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
	<TextView  
		android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
		android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
		android:text="@string/app_01"
		/>

	<Button  
		android:id="@+id/btnBasic" 
		android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
		android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
		android:text="@string/text_basic"
		/>

	<Button  
		android:id="@+id/btnPar" 
		android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
		android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
		android:text="@string/text_par"
		/>

	<Button  
		android:id="@+id/btnSer" 
		android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
		android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
		android:text="@string/text_ser"
		/>



</LinearLayout>



main2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
	<TextView  
		android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
		android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
		android:text="@string/app_02"
		/>

	<Button  
		android:id="@+id/btnBack" 
		android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
		android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
		android:text="@string/text_jump_back"
		/>
    
</LinearLayout>



strings.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <string name="hello">Hello MyBundleTest!</string>
    <string name="app_name">MyBundleTest</string>
    <string name="app_01">Bundle_01</string>
    <string name="app_02">Bundle_02</string>
    <string name="text_basic">Bundle Basic Data</string>
    <string name="text_par">Bundle Parcelable Data</string>
    <string name="text_ser">Bundle Seriable Data</string>
    <string name="text_jump_back">Jump Back to Bundler01</string>
</resources>



Bundle01.java

package com.bundletest;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;

public class Bundle01 extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{

	private static final String TAG = "skywang-->Bundle01";

	private Button mBtnBasic = null;
	private Button mBtnPar = null;
	private Button mBtnSer = null;

	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main);

		mBtnBasic = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnBasic);
		mBtnBasic.setOnClickListener(this);

		mBtnPar = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnPar);
		mBtnPar.setOnClickListener(this);

		mBtnSer = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSer);
		mBtnSer.setOnClickListener(this);
	}


	@Override
	public void onClick(View view) {
		switch (view.getId()) {
			case R.id.btnBasic:
				sendBasicDataThroughBundle();
				break;
			case R.id.btnPar:
				sendParcelableDataThroughBundle();
				break;
			case R.id.btnSer:
				sendSeriableDataThroughBundle();
				break;
			default:
				break;

		}
	}

	// sent basic data, such as int, strin, etc...  through bundle
    private void sendBasicDataThroughBundle(){  
		// "com.test" is the package name of the destination class
		// "com.test.Activity02" is the full class path of the destination class
		Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");
		
		Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
		bundle.putString("name", "skywang");
		bundle.putInt("height", 175);
		intent.putExtras(bundle);
		
		startActivity(intent);

		// end current class
		finish();
	}

	// sent object through Pacelable
    private void sendParcelableDataThroughBundle(){  
		Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");

        Book mBook = new Book();
        mBook.setBookName("Android");
        mBook.setAuthor("skywang");
        mBook.setPublishTime(2013);

        Bundle mBundle = new Bundle();
        mBundle.putParcelable("ParcelableValue", mBook);
        intent.putExtras(mBundle);
          
        startActivity(intent);
		finish();
    }

	// sent object through seriable
    private void sendSeriableDataThroughBundle(){  
		Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");

		Person mPerson = new Person();
        mPerson.setName("skywang");
        mPerson.setAge(24);

        Bundle mBundle = new Bundle();
        mBundle.putSerializable("SeriableValue",mPerson);
        intent.putExtras(mBundle);
          
        startActivity(intent);
		finish();
    }

}



Bundle02.java

package com.bundletest;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;

public class Bundle02 extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {

	private static final String TAG = "skywang-->Bundle02";

	private Button mBtnBack = null;
	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main2);

		mBtnBack = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnBack);
		mBtnBack.setOnClickListener(this);

		receiveBasicData();
		receiveParcelableData();
		receiveSeriableData();
	}

	private void receiveBasicData() {
        Bundle bundle = this.getIntent().getExtras();  
          
        String name = bundle.getString("name");  
        int height = bundle.getInt("height");
		if (name != null && height != 0)
		Log.d(TAG, "receice basic data -- " +
				   "name="+name+", height="+height);
	}

	private void receiveParcelableData() {
		Book mBook = (Book)getIntent().getParcelableExtra("ParcelableValue");
		if (mBook != null)
			Log.d(TAG, "receice parcel data -- " +
					   "Book name is: " + mBook.getBookName()+", "+
					   "Author is: " + mBook.getAuthor() + ", "+
					   "PublishTime is: " + mBook.getPublishTime());
	}

	private void receiveSeriableData() {
		Person mPerson = (Person)getIntent().getSerializableExtra("SeriableValue");  
		if (mPerson != null)
			Log.d(TAG, "receice serial data -- " +
					   "The name is:" + mPerson.getName() + ", "+
					   "age is:" + mPerson.getAge());  
	}

	@Override
	public void onClick(View view) {
		switch (view.getId()) {
			case R.id.btnBack:
			{
				// "com.test" is the package name of the destination class
				// "com.test.Activity01" is the full class path of the destination class
				Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle01");
				startActivity(intent);
				// end current class
				finish();
			}
				break;
			default:
				break;

		}
	}

}



Book.java

package com.bundletest;

import android.os.Parcel;  
import android.os.Parcelable;  

public class Book implements Parcelable {  
    private String bookName;  
    private String author;  
    private int publishTime;  
      
    public String getBookName() {  
        return bookName;  
    }  
    public void setBookName(String bookName) {  
        this.bookName = bookName;  
    }  
    public String getAuthor() {  
        return author;  
    }  
    public void setAuthor(String author) {  
        this.author = author;  
    }  
    public int getPublishTime() {  
        return publishTime;  
    }  
    public void setPublishTime(int publishTime) {  
        this.publishTime = publishTime;  
    }  
      
    public static final Parcelable.Creator<Book> CREATOR = new Creator<Book>() {  
		@Override
        public Book createFromParcel(Parcel source) {  
            Book mBook = new Book();  
            mBook.bookName = source.readString();  
            mBook.author = source.readString();  
            mBook.publishTime = source.readInt();  
            return mBook;  
        }  
		@Override
        public Book[] newArray(int size) {  
            return new Book[size];  
        }  
    };  
      
	@Override
    public int describeContents() {  
        return 0;  
    }  

	@Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel parcel, int flags) {  
        parcel.writeString(bookName);  
        parcel.writeString(author);  
        parcel.writeInt(publishTime);  
    }  
}  



Person.java

package com.bundletest;

import java.io.Serializable;  

public class Person implements Serializable {  

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 

    private String name;  
    private int age;  
    public String getName() {  
        return name;  
    }  
    public void setName(String name) {  
        this.name = name;  
    }  
    public int getAge() {  
        return age;  
    }  
    public void setAge(int age) {  
        this.age = age;  
    }  
      
}  



 

5.3輸出圖片

Bundle01.java對應的界面如下:

 

點擊“Bundle Basic Data”、“Bundle Parcelable Data”、“Bundle Seriable Data”均跳轉到如下界面,但它們對應的logcat信息不同。


 

點擊“Bundle Basic Data”的logcat如下:


點擊“Bundle Parcelable Data”的logcat如下:


點擊“Bundle Seriable Data”的logcat如下:

 

 

 

 


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