服務器是什么牌子的和配置不太清楚，反正叫做 強氧服務器，噪音很大，靠近后，嗡嗡嗡的，我頭都暈了。
安裝centos6.4 x64的系統，出現了switching clocksource tsc ，必須等待9分鍾才會繼續啟動，這個必須解決，否則以后重啟下都要十幾分鍾，痛苦的。
搜索下 clocksource tsc，一個鏈接：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=95753
很多像我一樣喜歡換OS的同學肯定對這個不陌生了，特別是amd+ati組合的人經常碰到。archlinux,ubuntu,fedora,debian等，一些版本在安裝的時候就卡在這個地方不動了。有些“高手”會指導你在kernel這一行加上“acpi=off" 就可以繼續了。但是，不久你會發現。自己的電腦不能像win那樣關機了。硬盤不動了，可電源還在響着呢。 呵呵，為什么呢？下邊給你段E文：The tsc clock source keeps getting marked unstable and falls back to using acpi_pm on kernel 2.6.21.3. This is directly linked to using cpu frequencing scaling. If I leave default governer as performace is fine, second I set to ondemand or anything the changes the current frequency the unstable msg appears. 看懂了沒？其實我也沒完全懂. 好啦，還是看看怎么辦吧！ 先看看你還有別的可替代品沒？ cat /sys/devices/system/clocksource/clocksource0/available_clocksource 我的OS就顯示了幾個： hpet acpi_pm jiffies tsc 然后在grub的kernel 行指定該管理器：一般是選這個： clocksource=acpi_pm 試試，現在不是可以啦？
試了一下，沒有解決問題，還是需要等待，現在yum update 更新下kernel 看看新的kernel會不會解決這個問題，照樣。反正 centos 6.0 i386沒這個問題（除了最新的centos，其他都找不到地方下載了。）
換成了centos6.0 i386的dvd，開機出現Probing EDD (edd=off to disable)。。。 卡住了，只需要在kernel參數后面加上 edd=off ，按照提示去做，前面的問題都沒有提示，真是太惡心了，但是我沒x64的系統，我想還是安裝64位的比較好。現在6.3 http://mirror.team-cymru.org/CentOS/6.3/isos/x86_64/ 還可以下載，其他的mirrors都無法下載了。。
update：現在是，換成了centos6.3—x64 升級到6.4后繼續使用6.3的內核，6.4的內核全部都是這個switching clocksource tsc 疑難雜症。
看下面的 第一個是6.3的內核kernel-2.6.32-279，第二個是6.4的kernel 2.6.32-358.6.1 我反正是不會選擇第二個的，要等十分鍾才能啟動開啊，服務器本來就啟動比PC慢些的。
title CentOS (2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64) noquiet root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=23c8d059-e3e9-42f7-8b7a-80c228bd5af1 nomodeset rd_NO_LUKS KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_MD_UUID=1591362b:6077e398:e8315fb6:e129cc97 crashkernel=128M LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 rd_NO_LVM rd_NO_DM rd_MD_UUID=db05fb86:a881ac62:b9755e37:e11d5c0d rhgb initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64.img title CentOS (2.6.32-358.6.1.el6.x86_64) clocksource tsc ERROR root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-358.6.1.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=23c8d059-e3e9-42f7-8b7a-80c228bd5af1 nomodeset rd_NO_LUKS KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_MD_UUID=1591362b:6077e398:e8315fb6:e129cc97 crashkernel=auto LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 rd_NO_LVM rd_NO_DM rd_MD_UUID=db05fb86:a881ac62:b9755e37:e11d5c0d rhgb initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-358.6.1.el6.x86_64.img
centos 6.3的內核下，我查看了系統的
cat /sys/devices/system/clocksource/clocksource0/available_clocksource
為hpet tsc acpi_pm，current_clocksource顯示的是tsc。看來這台服務器就是要tsc的clocksource，我設置kernel參數 clocksource=hpet等參數都不管用。
對了再說下centos系統 安裝方法，一搜索很多的，因為其安裝方法很久都沒變化過了。
* 光盤安裝 不再說了，沒難度。
* 硬盤安裝 ，需要復制 isolinux/kernel 和initrd.gz 到 你的某個分區，然后使用grub或grub4dos來引導者兩個就可以了，kernel后面加上askmethod就可以了【如果gui顯示不正確，加上參數xdriver=vesa nomodeset。這樣就是Install system with ^basic video driver了】。 重要的是，后面會加載images/install.img文件，這個可以提取到fat32分區【centos安裝程序不支持ntfs，所以不能放到ntfs分區下，真是惡心，old。】，也可以在線安裝，通過另外一台電腦架設的的ftp服務器就可以了，centos安裝程序后面會提示選擇，選擇url，輸入ftp中images所在目錄就可以進行下一步安裝了。
使用ftp安裝 這里是很方便，但是后面還是會提示找不到軟件源，只能輸入 http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/ 這種地址了，這個里面的內容我看起來就是光盤的內容啊。真是郁悶，我架設的ftp怎么就不可以了呢？其實這里已經是網絡安裝了，只是軟件源選擇不同了。
當然可以把iso未改名的，放到fat32分區下，images也放入fat32分區下，安裝程序會搜索images的所在目錄的iso的，后面才可以真正的硬盤安裝，但是我都不用fat32分區了的。U盤倒是可以，就是太慢了。
* Nfs安裝，跟ftp差不多了吧，沒試過nfs服務。
配置XManager客戶端連接需要的XDMCP服務
============================
1.檢查 是否安裝 X Windows System，init 5 /startx 可以啟動，說明沒問題，還要安裝 gnome desktop enviroment，或者 kde desktop 。【yum groupinstall **** 就可以批量安裝了，爽快】
2.修改 /etc/X11/xdm/xdm-config，加上感嘆號是注釋，吧requestPort:0注釋掉，至於為什么，不知道。
! SECURITY: do not listen for XDMCP or Chooser requests ! Comment out this line if you want to manage X terminals with xdm !################### !DisplayManager.requestPort: 0 !####################
3.修改/etc/X11/xdm/Xaccess
* #any host can get a login window
* CHOOSER BROADCAST #any indirect host can get a chooser
第二個應該是自動廣播的意思，這樣子，XManager不需要配置，就會自動出現你的linux的xdmcp query了。
4.修改 gdm或者 kdm 的 xdmcp配置【關鍵】
xdm應該沒有這個配置，gdm或kdm才有，至於當前系統是gdm還是kdm，從那個配置文件查看，修改，我也不知道，查找中。有哪一個，就修改那個了。
gdm
/etc/gdm/custom.conf
# GDM configuration storage [daemon] [security] AllowRemoteRoot=true [xdmcp] Enable=true Port=177 [greeter] [chooser] [debug]
我的安裝好后，里面沒內容，不知道為什么，我就添加了上面的三行。另外 究竟是/etc/gdm/custom.conf 還是gdm.conf我也不知道，我只是做了個鏈接 ln -s custom.conf gdm.conf
kdm
vim /etc/kde/kdm/kdmrc
# KDM master configuration file # # Definition: the greeter is the login dialog, i.e., the part of KDM # which the user sees. # # You can configure every X-display individually. # Every display has a display name, which consists of a host name # (which is empty for local displays specified in {Static|Reserve}Servers), # a colon, and a display number. Additionally, a display belongs to a # display class (which can be ignored in most cases; the control center # does not support this feature at all). # Sections with display-specific settings have the formal syntax # "[X-" host [":" number [ "_" class ]] "-" sub-section "]" # You can use the "*" wildcard for host, number, and class. You may omit # trailing components; they are assumed to be "*" then. # The host part may be a domain specification like ".inf.tu-dresden.de". # It may also be "+", which means non-empty, i.e. remote displays only. # From which section a setting is actually taken is determined by these # rules: # - an exact match takes precedence over a partial match (for the host part), # which in turn takes precedence over a wildcard ("+" taking precedence # over "*") # - precedence decreases from left to right for equally exact matches # Example: display name "myhost:0", class "dpy". # [X-myhost:0_dpy] precedes # [X-myhost:0_*] (same as [X-myhost:0]) precedes # [X-myhost:*_dpy] precedes # [X-myhost:*_*] (same as [X-myhost]) precedes # [X-+:0_dpy] precedes # [X-*:0_dpy] precedes # [X-*:0_*] (same as [X-*:0]) precedes # [X-*:*_*] (same as [X-*]) # These sections do NOT match this display: # [X-hishost], [X-myhost:0_dec], [X-*:1], [X-:*] # If a setting is not found in any matching section, the default is used. # # Every comment applies to the following section or key. Note that all # comments will be lost if you change this file with the kcontrol frontend. # The defaults refer to KDM's built-in values, not anything set in this file. # # Special characters need to be backslash-escaped (leading and trailing # spaces (\s), tab (\t), linefeed (\n), carriage return (\r) and the # backslash itself (\\)). # In lists, fields are separated with commas without whitespace in between. # Some command strings are subject to simplified sh-style word splitting: # single quotes (') and double quotes (") have the usual meaning; the backslash # quotes everything (not only special characters). Note that the backslashes # need to be doubled because of the two levels of quoting. [General] # This option exists solely for the purpose of a clean automatic upgrade. # Do not even think about changing it! ConfigVersion=2.3 # List of permanent displays. Displays with a hostname are foreign. A display # class may be specified separated by an underscore. # Default is ":0" StaticServers=:0 # List of on-demand displays. See StaticServers for syntax. # Default is "" ReserveServers=:1,:2,:3 # VTs to allocate to X-servers. A negative number means that the VT will be # used only if it is free. If all VTs in this list are used up, the next free # one greater than the last one in this list will be allocated. # Default is "" ServerVTs=-1 # TTYs (without /dev/) to monitor for activity while in console mode. # Default is "" ConsoleTTYs=tty1,tty2,tty3,tty4,tty5,tty6 # Where KDM should store its PID (do not store if empty). # Default is "" PidFile=/var/run/kdm/kdm.pid # Whether KDM should lock the PID file to prevent having multiple KDM # instances running at once. Do not change unless you are brave. # Default is true #LockPidFile=false # Where to store authorization files. # Default is "/var/run/xauth" AuthDir=/var/run/kdm # Whether KDM should automatically re-read configuration files, if it # finds them having changed. # Default is true #AutoRescan=false # Additional environment variables KDM should pass on to all programs it runs. # LD_LIBRARY_PATH and XCURSOR_THEME are good candidates; # otherwise, it should not be necessary very often. # Default is "" #ExportList=LD_LIBRARY_PATH,ANOTHER_IMPORTANT_VAR # A character device KDM should read entropy from. # Empty means use the system's preferred entropy device. # Default is "" #RandomDevice=/dev/altrandom # Where the command FiFos should be created; make it empty to disable # them. # Default is "/var/run/xdmctl" #FifoDir=/tmp # The group to which the global command FiFo should belong; # can be either a name or a numerical ID. # Default is 0 #FifoGroup=xdmctl # The directory in which KDM should store persistent working data. # Default is "/var/lib/kdm" #DataDir= # The directory in which KDM should store users' .dmrc files. This is only # needed if the home directories are not readable before actually logging in # (like with AFS). # Default is "" #DmrcDir=/nfs-shared/var/dmrcs [Xdmcp] # Whether KDM should listen to incoming XDMCP requests. Default is true Enable=true # The UDP port on which KDM should listen for XDMCP requests. Do not change. # Default is 177 Port=177 # File with the private keys of X-terminals. Required for XDM authentication. # Default is "" #KeyFile=/usr/share/config/kdm/kdmkeys # XDMCP access control file in the usual XDM-Xaccess format. # Default is "/usr/share/config/kdm/Xaccess" Xaccess=/etc/X11/xdm/Xaccess # Number of seconds to wait for display to respond after the user has # selected a host from the chooser. # Default is 15 #ChoiceTimeout=10 # Strip domain name from remote display names if it is equal to the local # domain. # Default is true #RemoveDomainname=false # Use the numeric IP address of the incoming connection on multihomed hosts # instead of the host name. # Default is false #SourceAddress=true # The program which is invoked to dynamically generate replies to XDMCP # DirectQuery or BroadcastQuery requests. # If empty, no program is invoked and "Willing to manage" is sent. # Default is "" Willing=/etc/X11/xdm/Xwilling [Shutdown] # The command (subject to word splitting) to run to halt the system. # Default is "/sbin/halt" HaltCmd=/sbin/poweroff # The command (subject to word splitting) to run to reboot the system. # Default is "/sbin/reboot" #RebootCmd= # Whether it is allowed to shut down the system via the global command FiFo. # Default is false #AllowFifo=true # Whether it is allowed to abort active sessions when shutting down the # system via the global command FiFo. # Default is true #AllowFifoNow=false # The boot manager KDM should use for offering boot options in the # shutdown dialog. # "None" - no boot manager # "Grub" - Grub boot manager # "Lilo" - Lilo boot manager (Linux on i386 & x86-64 only) # Default is None BootManager=None # Rough estimations about how many seconds KDM will spend at most on # - opening a connection to the X-server (OpenTime) if the attempt # - times out: OpenTimeout # - is refused: OpenRepeat * OpenDelay # - starting a local X-server (ServerTime): # ServerAttempts * (ServerTimeout + OpenDelay) # - starting a display: # - local display: ServerTime + OpenTime # - foreign display: StartAttempts * OpenTime # - XDMCP display: OpenTime (repeated indefinitely by client) # Core config for all displays [X-*-Core] # How long to wait before retrying to connect a display. # Default is 15 #OpenDelay=15 # How long to wait before timing out a display connection attempt. # Default is 120 #OpenTimeout=120 # How many connection attempts to make during a start attempt. Note that # a timeout aborts the entire start attempt. # Default is 5 #OpenRepeat=5 # Try at most that many times to start a display. If this fails, the display # is disabled. # Default is 4 #StartAttempts=4 # Ping remote display every that many minutes. # Default is 5 #PingInterval=5 # Wait for a Pong that many minutes. # Default is 5 #PingTimeout=5 # The name of this X-server's Xauth file. # If empty, a random name in the AuthDir directory will be used. # Default is "" #AuthFile= # Specify a file with X-resources for the greeter, chooser and background. # The KDE frontend does not use this file, so you do not need it unless you # use another background generator than krootimage. # Default is "" Resources=/etc/X11/xdm/Xresources # The xrdb program to use to read the above specified recources. # Subject to word splitting. # Default is "/usr/X11R6/bin/xrdb" or "/usr/bin/xrdb" #Xrdb=/usr/bin/xrdb # A program to run before the greeter is shown. Can be used to start an # xconsole or an alternative background generator. Subject to word splitting. # Default is "" Setup=/etc/X11/xdm/Xsetup_0 # A program to run before a user session starts. Subject to word splitting. # Default is "" #Startup= # A program to run after a user session exits. Subject to word splitting. # Default is "" #Reset= # The program which is run as the user which logs in. It is supposed to # interpret the session argument (see SessionsDirs) and start an appropriate # session according to it. Subject to word splitting. # Default is "/usr/X11R6/bin/xterm -ls -T" Session=/etc/kde/kdm/Xsession # The program to run if Session fails. # Default is "/usr/X11R6/bin/xterm" #FailsafeClient= # The PATH for the Session program. # Default is "/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/usr/games" #UserPath= # The PATH for Setup, Startup and Reset, etc. # Default is "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin" #SystemPath= # The default system shell. # Default is "/bin/sh" #SystemShell=/bin/bash # Where to put the user's X-server authorization file if ~/.Xauthority # cannot be created (and ForceUserAuthDir is not true) # Default is "/tmp" UserAuthDir=/var/run/kdm ForceUserAuthDir=true # Whether to automatically restart sessions after X-server crashes. # Note that enabling this makes circumventing screen lockers other than # KDE's built-in one possible! Default is false AutoReLogin=false # Allow root logins? Default is true #AllowRootLogin=true # Allow to log in, when user has set an empty password? Default is true #AllowNullPasswd=true # Who is allowed to shut down the system. This applies both to the # greeter and to the command FiFo. # "None" - no "Shutdown..." menu entry is shown at all # "Root" - the root password must be entered to shut down # "All" - everybody can shut down the machine (Default) AllowShutdown=Root # Who is allowed to abort active sessions when shutting down. # "None" - no forced shutdown is allowed at all # "Root" - the root password must be entered to shut down forcibly # "All" - everybody can shut down the machine forcibly # Default is All #AllowSdForceNow=Root # The default choice for the shutdown condition/timing. # "Schedule" - shut down after all active sessions exit (possibly at once) # "TryNow" - shut down, if no active sessions are open; otherwise, do nothing # "ForceNow" - shut down unconditionally # Default is Schedule #DefaultSdMode=ForceNow # How to offer shutdown scheduling options: # "Never" - not at all # "Optional" - as a button in the simple shutdown dialogs # "Always" - instead of the simple shutdown dialogs # Default is Never #ScheduledSd=Optional # The directories containing session type definitions in .desktop format. # Default is "/usr/share/kde4/apps/kdm/sessions" SessionsDirs=/usr/share/xsessions,/usr/share/kde4/apps/kdm/sessions # The file (relative to $HOME) to redirect the session output to. This is # a printf format string; one %d will be replaced with the display name. # Default is ".xsession-errors" ClientLogFile=.xsession-errors-%d # Whether KDM's built-in utmp/wtmp/lastlog registration should be used. # Default is true #UseSessReg=false # Greeter config for all displays [X-*-Greeter] # Widget style of the greeter. "" means the built-in default which currently # is "Plastik". Default is "" #GUIStyle=Bluecurve # Widget color scheme of the greeter. "" means the built-in default which # currently is yellowish grey with some light blue and yellow elements. # Default is "" # What should be shown in the greeter's logo are: # "None" - nothing # "Logo" - the image specified by LogoPixmap # "Clock" - a neat analog clock (Default) LogoArea=Logo # The image to show when LogoArea=Logo. # Default is "" LogoPixmap=/usr/share/icons/hicolor/96x96/apps/system-logo-icon.png # The relative coordinates (X,Y in percent) of the center of the greeter. # Default is "50,50" #GreeterPos=30,40 # The screen the greeter should be displayed on in multi-headed and Xinerama # setups. The numbering starts with 0. For Xinerama, it corresponds to the # listing order in the active ServerLayout section of XF86Config; -1 means # to use the upper-left screen, -2 means to use the upper-right screen. # Default is 0 #GreeterScreen=-1 # The headline in the greeter. The following character pairs are replaced: # - %d -> current display # - %h -> host name, possibly with domain name # - %n -> node name, most probably the host name without domain name # - %s -> the operating system # - %r -> the operating system's version # - %m -> the machine (hardware) type # - %% -> a single % # Default is "Welcome to %s at %n" GreetString=Red Hat Enterprise Linux release 6.0 # The font for the greeter headline. # Default is "charter,24,bold" GreetFont=Sans,16,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0 # The normal font used in the greeter. # Default is "helvetica,12" StdFont=Sans,10,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0 # The font used for the "Login Failed" message. # Default is "helvetica,12,bold" FailFont=Sans,12,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0 # Whether the fonts used in the greeter should be antialiased. # Default is false AntiAliasing=true # What to do with the Num Lock modifier for the time the greeter is running: # "Off" - turn off # "On" - turn on # "Keep" - do not change the state # Default is Keep #NumLock=Off # Language and locale to use in the greeter, encoded like $LC_LANG. # Default is "en_US" #Language=de_DE # Enable autocompletion in the username line edit. # Default is false #UserCompletion=true # Enable user list (names along with images) in the greeter. # Default is true UserList=true # Allow users to set their own user images. # If UserList is enabled, this specifies where kdm gets the images from: # AdminOnly (default): from <FaceDir>/$USER.face[.icon] # UserOnly: from the user's $HOME/.face[.icon] # PreferAdmin: prefer <FaceDir>, fallback on $HOME # PreferUser: ... and the other way round FaceSource=PreferUser # User selection for UserCompletion and UserList: # "NotHidden" - all users except those listed in HiddenUsers # "Selected" - only the users listed in SelectedUsers # Default is NotHidden ShowUsers=NotHidden # For ShowUsers=Selected. @<group> means all users in that group. # Default is "" #SelectedUsers=root,johndoe # For ShowUsers=NotHidden. @<group> means all users in that group. # Default is "" HiddenUsers=root # Special case of HiddenUsers: users with a non-zero UID less than this number # will not be shown as well. # Default is 0 MinShowUID=500 # Complement to MinShowUID: users with a UID greater than this number will # not be shown as well. Default is 65535 MaxShowUID=65530 # If false, the users are listed in the order they appear in /etc/passwd. # If true, they are sorted alphabetically. # Default is true SortUsers=true # Specify, where the users' pictures should be taken from. # "AdminOnly" - from <FaceDir>/$USER.face[.icon] # "PreferAdmin" - prefer <FaceDir>, fallback on $HOME # "PreferUser" - ... and the other way round # "UserOnly" - from the user's $HOME/.face[.icon] # Default is AdminOnly #FaceSource=PreferUser # The directory containing the user images if FaceSource is not UserOnly. # Default is "/usr/share/apps/kdm/faces" #FaceDir=/usr/share/faces # Specify, if/which user should be preselected for log in. # "None" - do not preselect any user (Default) # "Previous" - the user which successfully logged in last time # "Default" - the user specified in the DefaultUser option #PreselectUser=None # If this is true, the password input line is focused automatically if # a user is preselected. # Default is false FocusPasswd=true # Echo password (as bullets) EchoPasswd=true # If true, krootimage will be automatically started by KDM; otherwise, the # Setup script should be used to setup the background. Default is true UseBackground=true # The configuration file to be used by krootimage. # Default is "/usr/share/config/kdm/backgroundrc" BackgroundCfg=/etc/kde/kdm/backgroundrc # Hold the X-server grabbed the whole time the greeter is visible. This # may be more secure, but it will disable any background and other # X-clients started from the Setup script. # Default is false #GrabServer=true # How many seconds to wait for grab to succeed. # Default is 3 #GrabTimeout=3 # Warn, if display has no X-authorization (local auth cannot be created, # XDMCP display wants no auth, or display is foreign from StaticServers). # Default is true #AuthComplain=false # Random seed for forging saved session types, etc. of unknown users. # This value should be random but constant across the login domain. # Default is 0 ForgingSeed=1108476160 # Specify conversation plugins for the login dialog. Each plugin can be # specified as a base name (which expands to $kde_modulesdir/kgreet_$base) # or as a full pathname. # Default is "classic" #PluginsLogin=winbind # Same as PluginsLogin, but for the shutdown dialog. # Default is "classic" #PluginsShutdown=winbind # A list of options of the form Key=Value. The conversation plugins can query # these settings; it is up to them what possible keys are. # Default is "" #PluginOptions=SomeKey=randomvalue,Foo=bar # Show the "Console Login" action in the greeter (if ServerTTY/ConsoleTTYs # is configured). # Default is true #AllowConsole=false # A program to run while the greeter is visible. It is supposed to preload # as much as possible of the session that is going to be started (most # probably). # Default is "" #Preloader=/usr/bin/preloadkde # Whether the greeter should be themed. Default is false UseTheme=true # The theme to use for the greeter. Can point to either a directory or an XML # file. Default is "/usr/share/kde4/apps/kdm/themes/circles" Theme=/usr/share/kde4/apps/kdm/themes/CentOS6 # Set the widget color scheme ColorScheme=Oxygen # Core config for local displays [X-:*-Core] # How often to try to run the X-server. Running includes executing it and # waiting for it to come up. Default is 1 #ServerAttempts=1 # How long to wait for a local X-server to come up. Default is 15 ServerTimeout=30 # The command line to start the X-server, without display number and VT spec. # This string is subject to word splitting. Default is "/usr/X11R6/bin/X" #ServerCmd=/usr/X11R6/bin/X # Additional arguments for the X-servers for local sessions. # This string is subject to word splitting. Default is "" ServerArgsLocal=-nr -nolisten tcp # Additional arguments for the X-servers for remote sessions. # This string is subject to word splitting. Default is "" #ServerArgsRemote= # Restart instead of resetting the local X-server after session exit. # Use it if the server leaks memory etc. Default is false TerminateServer=true # The signal needed to reset the local X-server. # Default is 1 (SIGHUP) #ResetSignal=1 # The signal needed to terminate the local X-server. # Default is 15 (SIGTERM) #TermSignal=15 # Create X-authorizations for local displays. # Default is true #Authorize=false # Which X-authorization mechanisms should be used. # Default is "MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1" #AuthNames= # Need to reset the X-server to make it read initial Xauth file. # Default is false #ResetForAuth=true # See above #AllowNullPasswd=true # See above AllowShutdown=All # Enable password-less logins on this display. USE WITH EXTREME CARE! # Default is false #NoPassEnable=true # The users that do not need to provide a password to log in. NEVER list root! # "*" means all non-root users. @<group> means all users in that group. # Default is "" #NoPassUsers=fred,ethel # See above #AllowRootLogin=true # Greeter config for local displays [X-:*-Greeter] # See above PreselectUser=Previous # See above FocusPasswd=true # Specify whether the greeter of local displays should start up in host chooser # (remote) or login (local) mode and whether it is allowed to switch to the # other mode. # "LocalOnly" - only local login possible # "DefaultLocal" - start up in local mode, but allow switching to remote mode # "DefaultRemote" - ... and the other way round # "RemoteOnly" - only choice of remote host possible # Default is LocalOnly LoginMode=DefaultLocal # A list of hosts to be automatically added to the remote login menu. The # special name "*" means broadcast. # Default is "*" #ChooserHosts=*,ugly,sky,dino,kiste.local,login.crap.com # Show the "Restart X Server"/"Close Connection" action in the greeter. # Default is true #AllowClose=false # Core config for 1st local display [X-:0-Core] # Enable automatic login. USE WITH EXTREME CARE! Default is false #AutoLoginEnable=true # The user to log in automatically. NEVER specify root! Default is "" #AutoLoginUser=fred # The password for the user to log in automatically. This is NOT required # unless the user is logged into a NIS or Kerberos domain. If you use this # option, you should "chmod 600 kdmrc" for obvious reasons. # Default is "" #AutoLoginPass=secret! # Greeter config for 1st local display [X-:0-Greeter] # See above #PreselectUser=Default # The user to preselect if PreselectUser=Default. # Default is "" #DefaultUser=johndoe
這個kdmrc的內容比較多，大多是注釋，比gdm的默認的豐富的多。
xdm/下還有許多文件，Xservers的內容其實只有一行，不需要修改 :0 local /usr/bin/X :0 。
其他 的我全部是默認，無修改的。
5.修改防火牆 iptables設置，或者關閉iptables
在gnome下 /usr/bin/system-config-firewall 防火牆配置，其實是一個python腳本，你可以自己打開學習下。
這里面，順便還可以配置下其他的ftp www等服務的端口開放。
iptables-save輸出：
[root@centossrv ~]# iptables-save # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.7 on Wed May 15 13:22:56 2013 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [7821:5002212] -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i eth+ -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i ippp+ -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i isdn+ -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i ppp+ -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i tun+ -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i wlan+ -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 138 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 139 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 445 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 138 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 69 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -d 224.0.0.251/32 -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 5353 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 16509 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 16514 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 177 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i lo -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i eth+ -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i ippp+ -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i isdn+ -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i ppp+ -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i tun+ -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i wlan+ -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT # Completed on Wed May 15 13:22:56 2013 [root@centossrv ~]# iptables-save
可以輸入 iptables 加上上面的某一行，來讓它生效
iptables這里是一個服務，可以查看它的狀態，開啟，關閉，保存iptables【在vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables-config 是iptables的默認配置，包括是否重啟保存iptables，關閉自動保存iptables，默認是不保存的，也就是，你重啟機器，以前的iptables手動設置的命令失效。】
[root@centossrv ~]# service iptables 用法：iptables {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status|panic|save} [root@centossrv ~]# service iptables save iptables：將防火牆規則保存到 /etc/sysconfig/iptables： [確定] [root@centossrv ~]# service iptables status 表格：filter Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination 1 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 2 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 3 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 4 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 5 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 6 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 7 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 8 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 9 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 10 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:53 11 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW udp dpt:53 12 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:21 13 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW udp dpt:1194 14 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW udp dpt:137 15 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW udp dpt:138 16 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:139 17 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:445 18 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW udp dpt:137 19 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW udp dpt:138 20 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22 21 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW udp dpt:69 22 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:80 23 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:443 24 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 224.0.0.251 state NEW udp dpt:5353 25 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:16509 26 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:16514 27 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW udp dpt:177 28 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination 1 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 2 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 3 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 4 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 5 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 6 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 7 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 8 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 9 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 10 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination [root@centossrv ~]#
redhat centos有chkconfig來配置 服務的，上面services應該不會保存，只是臨時的，或者 可以放入/etc/rc.local 一些命令來自動關閉一些服務也可以。
[root@centossrv ~]# rpm -q chkconfig chkconfig-1.3.49.3-2.el6.x86_64 [root@centossrv ~]# chkconfig NetworkManager 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 abrt-ccpp 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:關閉 5:啟用 6:關閉 abrt-oops 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:關閉 5:啟用 6:關閉 abrtd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:關閉 5:啟用 6:關閉 acpid 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 atd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 auditd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 autofs 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 blk-availability 0:關閉 1:啟用 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 bluetooth 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 cgconfig 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 cgred 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 cpuspeed 0:關閉 1:啟用 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 crond 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 cups 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 dnsmasq 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 ebtables 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 fcoe 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 firstboot 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 haldaemon 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 htcacheclean 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 httpd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 hypervkvpd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 ip6tables 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 ipsec 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 iptables 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 irqbalance 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 iscsi 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 iscsid 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 kdump 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 ksm 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 ksmtuned 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 libvirt-guests 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 libvirtd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 lldpad 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 lvm2-monitor 0:關閉 1:啟用 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 mdmonitor 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 messagebus 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 multipathd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 mysqld 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 netconsole 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 netfs 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 network 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 nfs 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 nfslock 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 ntpd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 ntpdate 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 numad 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 openct 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 pcscd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 portreserve 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 psacct 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 qemu-ga 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 quota_nld 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 radvd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 rdisc 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 restorecond 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 rngd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 rpcbind 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 rpcgssd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 rpcidmapd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 rpcsvcgssd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 rsyslog 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 saslauthd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 sblim-sfcb 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 sendmail 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 smartd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 spice-vdagentd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:啟用 6:關閉 squid 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 sshd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 svnserve 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 sysstat 0:關閉 1:啟用 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 tomcat6 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 udev-post 0:關閉 1:啟用 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 virt-who 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 wdaemon 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 winbind 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 wpa_supplicant 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉 xinetd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉 基於 xinetd 的服務： chargen-dgram: 關閉 chargen-stream: 關閉 daytime-dgram: 關閉 daytime-stream: 關閉 discard-dgram: 關閉 discard-stream: 關閉 echo-dgram: 關閉 echo-stream: 關閉 rsync: 關閉 tcpmux-server: 關閉 telnet: 關閉 tftp: 關閉 time-dgram: 關閉 time-stream: 關閉 [root@centossrv ~]# chkconfig
查看默認的177端口是否執行，可以
netstat -an|grep 177
[root@centossrv ~]# netstat -an |grep --color=auto -i 177 udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:177 0.0.0.0:*
出現 udp的177服務，那么177 服務算是開啟了。也可以使用telnet IP 177 來檢測177端口是否正常運行【錯了telnet貌似只能檢測 tcp的，對於udp的應該沒反應，而且linux下telnet客戶端要單獨安裝的。】
其他linux下， X -query ip:177 應該也可以查看這個ip下的177 xdmcp是否可鏈接，當然xmanager可以連接就直接沒問題了。
配置NTFS讀寫功能
===========================
安裝ntfs-3g可以手動掛載，但是無法通過gnome點擊ntfs分區掛載。糾結中。http://www.tuxera.com/community/ntfs-3g-download/
如何掛載一個 NTFS 文件系統http://wiki.centos.org/zh/TipsAndTricks/NTFS
CentOS 6.2 掛載 NTFS格式的硬盤 http://ohyeahbbs.blog.51cto.com/1775490/865107
（總結）CentOS Linux利用ntfs-3g掛載讀寫Windows的ntfs分區
如何安裝CENTOS對NTFS分區的支持[LINUX下如何掛載NTFS分區]
如何在gnome上使用ntfs-3g 掛載ntfs分區啊。。。gnome的掛載是什么原理？hal hald到底怎么使用？？
CentOS6.2自動掛載NTFS分區
http://www.wallei.com/2012/03/centos6-2-auto-mount-an-ntfs-partition.html
http://hi.baidu.com/tunaisen/item/7838ebf285f71148922af21a
http://www.guloulou.com/?p=641
http://zhiwei.li/text/2009/12/gnome-mount%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8ntfs-3g/
不知道 繼續研究吧。。。。linux 驅動 文件系統 驅動。
gnome點擊可以自動掛載ntfs分區，只需要centos安裝epel 的repo，然后安裝 ntfs-3g 和 ntfsprogs 就行了。gnome為何可以自動掛載ntfs分區，是調用什么命令？還是不得而知，需要琢磨琢磨 研究研究。
epel：wget http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
centos 5.x的需要下載 5的 rpm，其實就是repo和key了
ntfs-3g 和ntfsprogs的文件列表，自己編譯ntfs的話，最好按照下面的文件列表來重命名 才可以支持 自動掛載ntfs分區。好像關鍵就是 mount.ntfs 文件
#yum install ntfsprogs ntfs-3g #rpm -ql ntfs-3g /bin/lowntfs-3g /bin/ntfs-3g /bin/ntfs-3g.probe /bin/ntfs-3g.secaudit /bin/ntfs-3g.usermap /bin/ntfsmount /lib64/libntfs-3g.so.81 /lib64/libntfs-3g.so.81.0.0 /sbin/mount.lowntfs-3g /sbin/mount.ntfs /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g /sbin/mount.ntfs-fuse /usr/bin/ntfs-3g /usr/bin/ntfsmount /usr/share/doc/ntfs-3g-2011.4.12 /usr/share/doc/ntfs-3g-2011.4.12/AUTHORS /usr/share/doc/ntfs-3g-2011.4.12/COPYING /usr/share/doc/ntfs-3g-2011.4.12/CREDITS /usr/share/doc/ntfs-3g-2011.4.12/ChangeLog /usr/share/doc/ntfs-3g-2011.4.12/NEWS /usr/share/doc/ntfs-3g-2011.4.12/README /usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/10osvendor/20-ntfs-config-write-policy.fdi /usr/share/man/man8/mount.lowntfs-3g.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/mount.ntfs-3g.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfs-3g.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfs-3g.probe.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfs-3g.secaudit.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfs-3g.usermap.8.gz
#rpm -ql ntfsprogs /bin/ntfscat /bin/ntfsck /bin/ntfscluster /bin/ntfscmp /bin/ntfsdecrypt /bin/ntfsdump_logfile /bin/ntfsfix /bin/ntfsinfo /bin/ntfsls /bin/ntfsmftalloc /bin/ntfsmove /bin/ntfstruncate /bin/ntfswipe /sbin/fsck.ntfs /sbin/mkfs.ntfs /sbin/mkntfs /sbin/ntfsclone /sbin/ntfscp /sbin/ntfslabel /sbin/ntfsresize /sbin/ntfsundelete /usr/share/doc/ntfsprogs-2011.4.12 /usr/share/doc/ntfsprogs-2011.4.12/AUTHORS /usr/share/doc/ntfsprogs-2011.4.12/COPYING /usr/share/doc/ntfsprogs-2011.4.12/CREDITS /usr/share/doc/ntfsprogs-2011.4.12/ChangeLog /usr/share/doc/ntfsprogs-2011.4.12/NEWS /usr/share/doc/ntfsprogs-2011.4.12/README /usr/share/man/man8/mkfs.ntfs.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/mkntfs.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfs-3g.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfs-3g.probe.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfs-3g.secaudit.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfs-3g.usermap.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfscat.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfsclone.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfscluster.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfscmp.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfscp.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfsfix.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfsinfo.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfslabel.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfsls.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfsprogs.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfsresize.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/ntfsundelete.8.gz
順便提一下 epel安裝 gparted 也很方便雖然是0.6版本的，最新gparted是0.12了吧。有了epel 方便了我們許多。