大家好,今天給大家分享下Android解析Json的例子,我這里自己安裝了Tomcat,讓自己電腦充當下服務器,最重要的是,返回結果自己可以隨便修改。
首先看下Json的定義,以及它和XML的比較:
JSON的定義:
一種輕量級的數據交換格式,具有良好的可讀和便於快速編寫的特性。業內主流技術為其提供了完整的解決方案(有點類似於正則表達式 ,獲得了當今大部分語言的支持),從而可以在不同平台間進行數據交換。JSON采用兼容性很高的文本格式,同時也具備類似於C語言體系的行為。 – Json.org
JSON Vs XML
1.JSON和XML的數據可讀性基本相同
2.JSON和XML同樣擁有豐富的解析手段
3.JSON相對於XML來講,數據的體積小
4.JSON與JavaScript的交互更加方便
5.JSON對數據的描述性比XML較差
6.JSON的速度要遠遠快於XML.
Tomcat安裝:
Tomcat下載地址http://tomcat.apache.org/ 下載后安裝,如果成功,啟動Tomcat,然后在瀏覽器里輸入:http://localhost:8080/index.jsp,會有個Tomcat首頁界面,
我們在Tomcat安裝目錄下webapps\ROOT下找到index.jsp,然后新建一個index2.jsp,用記事本或者什么的,編輯內容如下:
{students:[{name:'魏祝林',age:25},{name:'阿魏',age:26}],class:'三年二班'}
然后我們在瀏覽器里輸入:http://localhost:8080/index2.jsp返回的結果如下(這就模擬出后台返回的數據了):
新建一個Android工程JsonDemo.
工程目錄如下:
這里我封裝了一個JSONUtil工具類,代碼如下:
package com.tutor.jsondemo; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient; import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams; import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP; import org.json.JSONException; import org.json.JSONObject; import android.util.Log; /** * @author frankiewei. * Json封裝的工具類. */ public class JSONUtil { private static final String TAG = "JSONUtil"; /** * 獲取json內容 * @param url * @return JSONArray * @throws JSONException * @throws ConnectionException */ public static JSONObject getJSON(String url) throws JSONException, Exception { return new JSONObject(getRequest(url)); } /** * 向api發送get請求,返回從后台取得的信息。 * * @param url * @return String */ protected static String getRequest(String url) throws Exception { return getRequest(url, new DefaultHttpClient(new BasicHttpParams())); } /** * 向api發送get請求,返回從后台取得的信息。 * * @param url * @param client * @return String */ protected static String getRequest(String url, DefaultHttpClient client) throws Exception { String result = null; int statusCode = 0; HttpGet getMethod = new HttpGet(url); Log.d(TAG, "do the getRequest,url="+url+""); try { //getMethod.setHeader("User-Agent", USER_AGENT); HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(getMethod); //statusCode == 200 正常 statusCode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); Log.d(TAG, "statuscode = "+statusCode); //處理返回的httpResponse信息 result = retrieveInputStream(httpResponse.getEntity()); } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); throw new Exception(e); } finally { getMethod.abort(); } return result; } /** * 處理httpResponse信息,返回String * * @param httpEntity * @return String */ protected static String retrieveInputStream(HttpEntity httpEntity) { int length = (int) httpEntity.getContentLength(); //the number of bytes of the content, or a negative number if unknown. If the content length is known but exceeds Long.MAX_VALUE, a negative number is returned. //length==-1,下面這句報錯,println needs a message if (length < 0) length = 10000; StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer(length); try { InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(httpEntity.getContent(), HTTP.UTF_8); char buffer[] = new char[length]; int count; while ((count = inputStreamReader.read(buffer, 0, length - 1)) > 0) { stringBuffer.append(buffer, 0, count); } } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); } catch (IllegalStateException e) { Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); } return stringBuffer.toString(); } }
編寫主Activity代碼JSONDemoActivity,代碼如下:
package com.tutor.jsondemo; import org.json.JSONArray; import org.json.JSONException; import org.json.JSONObject; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.TextView; public class JSONDemoActivity extends Activity { /** * 訪問的后台地址,這里訪問本地的不能用127.0.0.1應該用10.0.2.2 */ private static final String BASE_URL = "http://10.0.2.2:8080/index2.jsp"; private TextView mStudentTextView; private TextView mClassTextView; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); setupViews(); } /** * 初始化 */ private void setupViews(){ mStudentTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.student); mClassTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.classes); try { //獲取后台返回的Json對象 JSONObject mJsonObject = JSONUtil.getJSON(BASE_URL); //獲得學生數組 JSONArray mJsonArray = mJsonObject.getJSONArray("students"); //獲取第一個學生 JSONObject firstStudent = mJsonArray.getJSONObject(0); //獲取班級 String classes = mJsonObject.getString("class"); String studentInfo = classes + "共有 " + mJsonArray.length() + " 個學生." + "第一個學生姓名: " + firstStudent.getString("name") + " 年齡: " + firstStudent.getInt("age"); mStudentTextView.setText(studentInfo); mClassTextView.setText("班級: " + classes); } catch (JSONException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
這里用到的布局文件main.xml代碼如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView android:id="@+id/student" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/classes" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </LinearLayout>
最后要在AndroidMainfest.xml中添加訪問網絡權限:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.tutor.jsondemo" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission> <application android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" > <activity android:name=".JSONDemoActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest>
運行工程,效果如下:
轉:http://blog.csdn.net/android_tutor/article/details/7466620