一、windows 路由表解釋
route print -4
=========================================================================== Interface List 19...78 dd 08 a4 40 f4 ......Bluetooth Device (Personal Area Network) 11...00 27 10 5b 26 fc ......Intel(R) Centrino(R) Advanced-N 6200 AGN 13...f0 de f1 08 58 f4 ......Intel(R) 82577LM Gigabit Network Connection 15...00 50 56 c0 00 01 ......VMware Virtual Ethernet Adapter for VMnet1 16...00 50 56 c0 00 08 ......VMware Virtual Ethernet Adapter for VMnet8 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 23...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter 12...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface 21...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 17...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #4 20...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #5 22...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #6 =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 192.168.1.12 26 10.108.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.108.58.1 10.108.58.18 21 10.108.58.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 10.108.58.18 276 10.108.58.18 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.108.58.18 276 10.108.58.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.108.58.18 276 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.108.58.1 10.108.58.18 21 192.168.0.0 255.255.252.0 On-link 192.168.1.12 281 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.12 281 192.168.3.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.12 281 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.10.1 276 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.10.1 276 192.168.10.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.10.1 276 192.168.159.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.159.1 276 192.168.159.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.159.1 276 192.168.159.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.159.1 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.108.58.18 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.159.1 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.10.1 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.1.12 281 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.108.58.18 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.159.1 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.10.1 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.12 281 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Metric 172.21.10.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.56.190 1 10.108.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.108.58.1 1 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.108.58.1 1 ===========================================================================
Interface List: 網絡卡列表
Active Routes: 活動路由
Network Destination: 目的網段
Netmask: 子網掩碼，與目的網段共同定義了此條路由適用的網絡地址
Gateway: 網關，又稱下一跳路由器，在發送IP數據包時，網關定義了針對特定的網絡目的地址，數據包發送到的下一跳服務器
Interface: 接口，接口定義了針對特定的網絡目的地址，本地計算機用於發送數據包的網絡接口
Metric: 跳數，跳數用於指出路由的成本，通常情況下代表到達目標地址所需要經過的跳躍數量，一個跳數代表經過一個路由器。跳數越低，代表路由成本越低，優先級越高
Persistent Routes: 手動配置靜態路由
二、windows 路由命令
Manipulates network routing tables. ROUTE [-f] [-p] [-4|-6] command [destination] [MASK netmask] [gateway] [METRIC metric] [IF interface] -f Clears the routing tables of all gateway entries. If this is used in conjunction with one of the commands, the tables are cleared prior to running the command. -p When used with the ADD command, makes a route persistent across boots of the system. By default, routes are not preserved when the system is restarted. Ignored for all other commands, which always affect the appropriate persistent routes. This option is not supported in Windows 95. -4 Force using IPv4. -6 Force using IPv6. command One of these: PRINT Prints a route ADD Adds a route DELETE Deletes a route CHANGE Modifies an existing route destination Specifies the host. MASK Specifies that the next parameter is the 'netmask' value. netmask Specifies a subnet mask value for this route entry. If not specified, it defaults to 255.255.255.255. gateway Specifies gateway. interface the interface number for the specified route. METRIC specifies the metric, ie. cost for the destination. All symbolic names used for destination are looked up in the network database file NETWORKS. The symbolic names for gateway are looked up in the host name database file HOSTS. If the command is PRINT or DELETE. Destination or gateway can be a wildcard, (wildcard is specified as a star '*'), or the gateway argument may be omitted. If Dest contains a * or ?, it is treated as a shell pattern, and only matching destination routes are printed. The '*' matches any string, and '?' matches any one char. Examples: 157.*.1, 157.*, 127.*, *224*. Pattern match is only allowed in PRINT command. Diagnostic Notes: Invalid MASK generates an error, that is when (DEST & MASK) != DEST. Example> route ADD 157.0.0.0 MASK 155.0.0.0 157.55.80.1 IF 1 The route addition failed: The specified mask parameter is invalid. (Destination & Mask) != Destination. Examples: > route PRINT > route PRINT -4 > route PRINT -6 > route PRINT 157* .... Only prints those matching 157* > route ADD 157.0.0.0 MASK 255.0.0.0 157.55.80.1 METRIC 3 IF 2 destination^ ^mask ^gateway metric^ ^ Interface^ If IF is not given, it tries to find the best interface for a given gateway. > route ADD 3ffe::/32 3ffe::1 > route CHANGE 157.0.0.0 MASK 255.0.0.0 157.55.80.5 METRIC 2 IF 2 CHANGE is used to modify gateway and/or metric only. > route DELETE 157.0.0.0 > route DELETE 3ffe::/32
route print: 打印當前的路由表
route delete：刪除一條路由
route add: 增加一條路由, 如果最后加上 –p 選項，表示永久增加靜態路由，重啟后不會失效
route change: 更改一條路由
三、雙網卡配置實便
1. 網絡環境：
有線：可連接公司內網，不能連接Internet
無線：可連接Internet，不能連接公司內網 默認網關為 192.168.0.1
我們的目的就是同時連接這兩個網絡，並自動選擇路由實現內外網都可以訪問。
2. 配置
:刪除默認設置 route delete 0.0.0.0 :外網路由，全走無線 route add 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 –p :公司內網全部在10.108.*.*網段，增加此路由 route add 10.108.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 10.108.58.1 -p
就是這么簡單，結果如下（還有另外幾個路由配置是做其它用途的）
PING下試試
