1、修改數據庫字符編碼
mysql> alter database mydb character set utf8 ;
2、創建數據庫時，指定數據庫的字符編碼
mysql> create database mydb character set utf8 ;
3、查看mysql數據庫的字符編碼
mysql> show variables like 'character%'; //查詢當前mysql數據庫的所有屬性的字符編碼
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
4、修改mysql數據庫的字符編碼
修改字符編碼必須要修改mysql的配置文件my.cnf,然后重啟才能生效
通常需要修改my.cnf的如下幾個地方：
【client】下面，加上default-character-set=utf8，或者character_set_client=utf8
【mysqld】下面，加上character_set_server = utf8 ；
因為以上配置，mysql默認是latin1，如果僅僅是通過命令行客戶端，mysql重啟之后就不起作用了。
如下是客戶端命令行修改方式，不推薦使用
mysql> set character_set_client=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_database=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_database=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_results=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_server=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_system=utf8 ;
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)