C# SQLite
地址：
System.Data.Sqlite入手。。。
首先import/using：
代碼
using System.Data.SQLite;
Connection和Command:
代碼
private SQLiteConnection conn;
private SQLiteCommand cmd;
連接db：
代碼
conn = new SQLiteConnection("Data Source=c:\\test.db");
conn.Open();
INSERT/UPDATE:
代碼
cmd = conn.CreateCommand();
cmd.CommandText = "INSERT INTO user(email,name) VALUES ('email','name')";
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
cmd.CommandText = "UPDATE userSET name = 'Codelicious' WHERE ID = 1";
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
SELECT:
代碼
cmd.CommandText = "SELECT ID, name FROM user";
SQLiteDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
if (reader.HasRows)
{
while (reader.Read())
{
Console.WriteLine("ID: " + reader.GetInt16(0));
Console.WriteLine("name: " + reader.GetString(1));
}
}
模板程序：
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Data.SQLite;
namespace SQLiteQueryBrowser
{
/// <summary>
/// 說明：這是一個針對System.Data.SQLite的數據庫常規操作封裝的通用類。
/// </summary>
public class SQLiteDBHelper
{
private string connectionString = string.Empty;
/// <summary>
/// 構造函數
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dbPath">SQLite數據庫文件路徑</param>
public SQLiteDBHelper(string dbPath)
{
this.connectionString = "Data Source=" + dbPath;
}
/// <summary>
/// 創建SQLite數據庫文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dbPath">要創建的SQLite數據庫文件路徑</param>
public static void CreateDB(string dbPath)
{
using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection("Data Source=" + dbPath))
{
connection.Open();
using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(connection))
{
command.CommandText = "CREATE TABLE Demo(id integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT UNIQUE)";
command.ExecuteNonQuery();
command.CommandText = "DROP TABLE Demo";
command.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 對SQLite數據庫執行增刪改操作，返回受影響的行數。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sql">要執行的增刪改的SQL語句</param>
/// <param name="parameters">執行增刪改語句所需要的參數，參數必須以它們在SQL語句中的順序為准</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int ExecuteNonQuery(string sql, SQLiteParameter[] parameters)
{
int affectedRows = 0;
using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
{
connection.Open();
using (DbTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction())
{
using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(connection))
{
command.CommandText = sql;
if (parameters != null)
{
command.Parameters.AddRange(parameters);
}
affectedRows = command.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
transaction.Commit();
}
}
return affectedRows;
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行一個查詢語句，返回一個關聯的SQLiteDataReader實例
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sql">要執行的查詢語句</param>
/// <param name="parameters">執行SQL查詢語句所需要的參數，參數必須以它們在SQL語句中的順序為准</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public SQLiteDataReader ExecuteReader(string sql, SQLiteParameter[] parameters)
{
SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString);
SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(sql, connection);
if (parameters != null)
{
command.Parameters.AddRange(parameters);
}
connection.Open();
return command.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection);
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行一個查詢語句，返回一個包含查詢結果的DataTable
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sql">要執行的查詢語句</param>
/// <param name="parameters">執行SQL查詢語句所需要的參數，參數必須以它們在SQL語句中的順序為准</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public DataTable ExecuteDataTable(string sql, SQLiteParameter[] parameters)
{
using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
{
using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(sql, connection))
{
if (parameters != null)
{
command.Parameters.AddRange(parameters);
}
SQLiteDataAdapter adapter = new SQLiteDataAdapter(command);
DataTable data = new DataTable();
adapter.Fill(data);
return data;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行一個查詢語句，返回查詢結果的第一行第一列
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sql">要執行的查詢語句</param>
/// <param name="parameters">執行SQL查詢語句所需要的參數，參數必須以它們在SQL語句中的順序為准</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Object ExecuteScalar(string sql, SQLiteParameter[] parameters)
{
using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
{
using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(sql, connection))
{
if (parameters != null)
{
command.Parameters.AddRange(parameters);
}
SQLiteDataAdapter adapter = new SQLiteDataAdapter(command);
DataTable data = new DataTable();
adapter.Fill(data);
return data;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 查詢數據庫中的所有數據類型信息
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public DataTable GetSchema()
{
using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
{
connection.Open();
DataTable data=connection.GetSchema("TABLES");
connection.Close();
//foreach (DataColumn column in data.Columns)
//{
// Console.WriteLine(column.ColumnName);
//}
return data;
}
}
}
}
完整的程序例子：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Data.SQLite;
using SQLiteQueryBrowser;
namespace SQLiteDemo
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//CreateTable();
//InsertData();
ShowData();
Console.ReadLine();
}
public static void CreateTable()
{
string dbPath = "D:\\Demo.db3";
//如果不存在改數據庫文件，則創建該數據庫文件
if (!System.IO.File.Exists(dbPath))
{
SQLiteDBHelper.CreateDB("D:\\Demo.db3");
}
SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\\Demo.db3");
string sql = "CREATE TABLE Test3(id integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT UNIQUE,Name char(3),TypeName varchar(50),addDate datetime,UpdateTime Date,Time time,Comments blob)";
db.ExecuteNonQuery(sql, null);
}
public static void InsertData()
{
string sql = "INSERT INTO Test3(Name,TypeName,addDate,UpdateTime,Time,Comments)values(@Name,@TypeName,@addDate,@UpdateTime,@Time,@Comments)";
SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\\Demo.db3");
for (char c = "A"; c <= "Z"; c++)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
SQLiteParameter[] parameters = new SQLiteParameter[]{
new SQLiteParameter("@Name",c+i.ToString()),
new SQLiteParameter("@TypeName",c.ToString()),
new SQLiteParameter("@addDate",DateTime.Now),
new SQLiteParameter("@UpdateTime",DateTime.Now.Date),
new SQLiteParameter("@Time",DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString()),
new SQLiteParameter("@Comments","Just a Test"+i)
};
db.ExecuteNonQuery(sql, parameters);
}
}
}
public static void ShowData()
{
//查詢從50條起的20條記錄
string sql = "select * from test3 order by id desc limit 50 offset 20";
SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\\Demo.db3");
using (SQLiteDataReader reader = db.ExecuteReader(sql, null))
{
while (reader.Read())
{
Console.WriteLine("ID:{0},TypeName{1}", reader.GetInt64(0), reader.GetString(1));
}
}
}
}
}
在實際情況中，采用通用類大批量插入數據會有些慢，這是因為在System.Data.SQLite中的操作如果沒有指定操作，則會被當做一個事物，如果需要一次性寫入大量記錄，則建議顯式創建一個事物，在這個事務中完成所有的操作比較好，這樣的話比每次操作創建一個事物的效率要提升很多。
最終利用VS2008提供的功能，可以看到里面的數據如下：
需要說明的是在System.Data.SQLite中數據類型的規定不適很嚴格，從創建Test3表的SQL語句來看，表中addDate、UpdateTime、Time分別是DateTime、Date、Time類型字段，但實際上我們插入的時候沒有按照這個規定，最終顯示的結果也是盡量遵循數據庫字段的定義。
總結
System.Data.SQLite確實是一個非常小巧精悍的數據庫，作為對SQLite的封裝（SQLite可以在Android等類型的手機上利用Java訪問），它依然是體較小，同比性能高、內存消耗小、無需安裝僅需一個dll就可以運行的優點（如果在Mobile手機上則需要兩個文件），唯一的一個缺點是沒有比較的GUI（圖形用戶界面），不過正因為如此它才得以體積小。
在實際開發中沒有圖形用戶界面可能有些不便，我們可以使用VS來查看和操作數據，我自己也做了一個小東東，便於管理和維護數據，界面如下：
如果你要開發數據量在10萬條以下的應用，我建議你嘗試使用一下System.Data.SQLite，它或許是一個不錯的選擇。
public static void CreateTable()
{
string dbPath = "D:\\Demo.db3";
//如果不存在改數據庫文件，則創建該數據庫文件
if (!System.IO.File.Exists(dbPath))
{
SQLiteDBHelper.CreateDB("D:\\Demo.db3");
}
SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\\Demo.db3");
string sql = "CREATE TABLE Test3(id integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT UNIQUE,Name char(3),TypeName varchar(50),addDate datetime,UpdateTime Date,Time time,Comments blob)";
db.ExecuteNonQuery(sql, null);
}
public static void InsertData()
{
string sql = "INSERT INTO Test3(Name,TypeName,addDate,UpdateTime,Time,Comments)values(@Name,@TypeName,@addDate,@UpdateTime,@Time,@Comments)";
SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\\Demo.db3");
for (char c = "A"; c <= "Z"; c++)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
SQLiteParameter[] parameters = new SQLiteParameter[]{
new SQLiteParameter("@Name",c+i.ToString()),
new SQLiteParameter("@TypeName",c.ToString()),
new SQLiteParameter("@addDate",DateTime.Now),
new SQLiteParameter("@UpdateTime",DateTime.Now.Date),
new SQLiteParameter("@Time",DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString()),
new SQLiteParameter("@Comments","Just a Test"+i)
};
db.ExecuteNonQuery(sql, parameters);
}
}
}
public static void ShowData()
{
//查詢從50條起的20條記錄
string sql = "select * from test3 order by id desc limit 50 offset 20";
SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\\Demo.db3");
using (SQLiteDataReader reader = db.ExecuteReader(sql, null))
{
while (reader.Read())
{
Console.WriteLine("ID:{0},TypeName{1}", reader.GetInt64(0), reader.GetString(1));
}
}
}