分享懶人張RDLC報表（五、六）

來自蠟人張：RDLC報表（五）

        隨着Visual Studio 2005中文版的推出，Microsoft漢化了MSDN的大部分內容，開發者再也不用啃英文了，本來想介紹一下LocalReport的Render方法，現在您可以到http://msdn2.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms252207(VS.80).aspx獲 得關於這部分的詳細信息。之所以以前想介紹這個方法，是因為我將想大家介紹一種在Crystal Report中無法實現的自定義票據打印紙張的方法。Anyway，現在我直接向大家介紹這種方法，可能這種方法並不是很好的，但是確實是我經過一段時間 的摸索總結出來的。蘿卜（http://luobos.cnblogs.com）曾經提到過的變通的方法不知道是不是我要介紹的這一種，歡迎和我進行交流！

        要想使用RDLC報表並進行頁面設置，我們先來看一下LocalReport是否有類似PageSettings的類、屬性、方法或事件等，我仔細找了一 下，發現Microsoft.Reporting.WinForms.ReportPageSettings類具有PaperSize屬性和Margin 屬性，但可惜的是它們都是只讀的，對我們來說沒有意義；另外，LocalReport具有GetDefaultPageSettings()方法，這也只 能是獲取當前報表的頁面設置。沒辦法，只能采用變通的方法了。在.NET中如果想使用自定義紙張，最好的方法莫過於使用 System.Drawing.Printing.PrintDocument類了，還記得我在前面提到的一個GotReportViewer的例子嗎？

        private int m_currentPageIndex;
        private IList<Stream> m_streams;

        private Stream CreateStream(string name, string fileNameExtension, Encoding encoding, string mimeType, bool willSeek)
        {
            Stream stream = new FileStream(name + "." + fileNameExtension, FileMode.Create);
            m_streams.Add(stream);
            return stream;
        }

        private void Export(LocalReport report)
        {
            string deviceInfo =
              "<DeviceInfo>" +
              "  <OutputFormat>EMF</OutputFormat>" +
              "  <PageWidth>8.5in</PageWidth>" +
              "  <PageHeight>11in</PageHeight>" +
              "  <MarginTop>0.25in</MarginTop>" +
              "  <MarginLeft>0.25in</MarginLeft>" +
              "  <MarginRight>0.25in</MarginRight>" +
              "  <MarginBottom>0.25in</MarginBottom>" +
              "</DeviceInfo>";
            Warning[] warnings;
            m_streams = new List<Stream>();
            report.Render("Image", deviceInfo, CreateStream, out warnings);

            foreach (Stream stream in m_streams)
                stream.Position = 0;
        }

        private void PrintPage(object sender, PrintPageEventArgs ev)
        {
            Metafile pageImage = new Metafile(m_streams[m_currentPageIndex]);
            ev.Graphics.DrawImage(pageImage, ev.PageBounds);

            m_currentPageIndex++;
            ev.HasMorePages = (m_currentPageIndex < m_streams.Count);
        }

        private void Print()
        {
            const string printerName = "Microsoft Office Document Image Writer";

            if (m_streams == null || m_streams.Count == 0)
                return;

            PrintDocument printDoc = new PrintDocument();
            printDoc.PrinterSettings.PrinterName = printerName;
            if (!printDoc.PrinterSettings.IsValid)
            {
                string msg = String.Format("Can't find printer \"{0}\".", printerName);
                Console.WriteLine(msg);
                return;
            }
            printDoc.PrintPage += new PrintPageEventHandler(PrintPage);
            printDoc.Print();
        }

        private void Run()
        {
            LocalReport report = new LocalReport();
            report.ReportPath = "Report.rdlc";
            report.DataSources.Add(new ReportDataSource("Sales", LoadSalesData()));

            Export(report);

            m_currentPageIndex = 0;
            Print();
        }

      對，就是那個通過命令行而不是ReportViewer的GUI界面進行打印報表的例子，這個例子就使用LocalReport的Render方法將報表 的內容導出為EMF圖像流，然后在PrintDocument的PrintPage事件中使用時事件參數 System.Drawing.Printing.PrintEventArgs類的DrawImage方法將EMF圖像流輸出到打印機。我在上面說的變 通的方法也要使用這種方法。具體的細節將在以后的隨筆中陸續給出。

        既然我們使用這種方法進行報表的打印，那么Visual Studio的控件ReportViewer的工具欄就不再符合我們的要求了。因為這個報表瀏覽器的工具欄上的按鈕雖然可以設置屬性顯示或隱藏其中的一部 分，但是我們卻不能自己往這個工具欄上添加按鈕（顯然，我們需要實現自己的頁面設置、預覽和打印按鈕），在這一點上，建議Microsoft將工具欄和報 表瀏覽器分離，應該做得和BindingNavigator那樣就好了。
        我們先設置ReportViewer控件的ShowToolBar方法為false，然后在ReportViewer控件紙上添加除頁面設置、預覽、打印外的應該有的按鈕，像刷新、終止、導出、縮放、搜索、導航等，這些按鈕的Click事件定義如下：

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取當前時間組成的字符串，用作生成不會重復的文件名
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private string GetTimeStamp()
        {
            string strRet = string.Empty;
            System.DateTime dtNow = Pub.DateTimeEx.ServerTime;
            strRet += dtNow.Year.ToString() +
                        dtNow.Month.ToString("00") +
                        dtNow.Day.ToString("00") +
                        dtNow.Hour.ToString("00") +
                        dtNow.Minute.ToString("00") +
                        dtNow.Second.ToString("00") +
                        System.DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString("000");
            return strRet;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 導出到Excel
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void toolExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

            Microsoft.Reporting.WinForms.Warning[] Warnings;
            string[] strStreamIds;
            string strMimeType;
            string strEncoding;
            string strFileNameExtension;

            byte[] bytes = this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.Render("Excel", null, out strMimeType, out strEncoding, out strFileNameExtension, out strStreamIds, out Warnings);

            string strFilePath = @"D:\" + this.GetTimeStamp() + ".xls";

            using (System.IO.FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFilePath, FileMode.Create))
            {
                fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
            }

            if (Pub.WinForm.Msg.Question("報表打印： \r\n    成功導出Excel文件！" + strFilePath + "\r\n    要現在打開文件" + strFilePath + "嗎？") == DialogResult.Yes)
            {
                System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(strFilePath);
            }

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 刷新報表數據
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool刷新_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.RefreshReport();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 在加載報表數據時終止報表數據的加載
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool終止_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.CancelRendering(0);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 從DrillThrough報表返回到導航頁面
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool返回_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.IsDrillthroughReport)
                this.reportViewer1.PerformBack();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 回到報表的第一頁
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool第一頁_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage = 1;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 跳轉到報表的最后一頁
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool最后一頁_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage = this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.GetTotalPages();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 以25%的比例顯示報表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool25_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.Percent;
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomPercent = 25;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 以50%的比例顯示報表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool50_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.Percent;
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomPercent = 50;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 以100%的比例顯示報表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool100_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.Percent;
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomPercent = 100;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 以200%的比例顯示報表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool200_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.Percent;
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomPercent = 200;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 以400%的比例顯示報表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool400_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.Percent;
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomPercent = 400;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 將縮放模式設置為整頁
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool整頁_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.FullPage;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 將縮放模式設置為頁寬
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool頁寬_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.PageWidth;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 在報表中搜索txtSearch中的字符
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool搜索_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.txtSearch.Text.Trim() == string.Empty)
                return;

            this.reportViewer1.Find(this.txtSearch.Text.Trim(), 1);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 搜索報表中下一處txtSearch中的字符
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool搜索下一個_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.txtSearch.Text.Trim() == string.Empty)
                return;

            this.reportViewer1.FindNext();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 跳轉到上一頁
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool上一頁_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage != 1)
                this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage--;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 跳轉到下一頁
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool下一頁_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage != this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.GetTotalPages())
                this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage++;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 跳轉到由txt跳轉中指定的頁數
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool跳轉_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.txt跳轉.Text.Trim() == string.Empty)
                return;

            int intJump = 0;

            if (System.Int32.TryParse(this.txt跳轉.Text.Trim(), out intJump))
                if (intJump <= this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.GetTotalPages())
                    this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage = intJump;

        }

來自蠟人張：RDLC報表（六）

        你可能已經注意到了在調用LocalReport的Render方法時用到了一個XML格式的DeviceInfo結構，在SQL Server 2005 Report Services中，DeviceInfo結構是為了給特定的呈現格式傳遞參數。來看一個簡單的DeviceInfo結構：

< DeviceInfo >  
     < OutputFormat > EMF </ OutputFormat >  
     < PageWidth > 21cm </ PageWidth >  
     < PageHeight > 29.70cm </ PageHeight >  
     < MarginTop > 2cm </ MarginTop >  
     < MarginLeft > 2cm </ MarginLeft >  
     < MarginRight > 2cm </ MarginRight >  
     < MarginBottom > 2cm </ MarginBottom >  
</ DeviceInfo >

        這個簡單的DeviceInfo結構至少為LocalReport的Render方法指定了輸出格式、頁寬、頁高、左邊距、右邊距、下邊距信息，在我們使 用PrintPage的方法將LocalReport呈現為EMF圖片時，EMF圖片在頁面上顯示的大小、邊距就是由這個DeviceInfo結構來決定 的，如果為DeviceInfo結構和PrintDocumnt設置不匹配的頁面大小或邊距，那么在PrintPage事件中使用DrawImage方法 畫出的圖片將出現放大或縮小的情況，這是我們不願意看到的結果。也就是說，在使用自定義紙張進行單據打印時，我們不僅要為PrintDocument設置 頁面大小和邊距，還要為LocalReport設置與PrintDocument相同的頁面大小和邊距。關於DeviceInfo的結構，可以參考http://msdn2.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms155373.aspx

        下面是我封裝的一個為生成DeviceInfo結構使用的類：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace RDLCReport
{
    public class EMFDeviceInfo
    {
        private bool m_Landscape = false;

        public bool Landscape
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_Landscape;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_Landscape = value;
            }
        }

        /*
         * The pixel depth of the color range supported by the image output. 
         * Valid values are 1, 4, 8, 24, and 32. 
         * The default value is 24. 
         * ColorDepth is only supported for TIFF rendering and is otherwise ignored by the report server for other image output formats. 
         * Note: 
         * For this release of SQL Server, the value of this setting is ignored, and the TIFF image is always rendered as 24-bit.
         * 
         * 默認值為24，且只有當輸出格式為TIFF時才該項設置才起作用
         * 
        */
        private int m_ColorDepth = 24;

        public int ColorDepth
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_ColorDepth;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The number of columns to set for the report. This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 未用到此項設置
         * 
        */
        private int m_Columns = 0;

        public int Columns
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_Columns;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_Columns = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The column spacing to set for the report. This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 未用到此項設置
         * 
        */
        private int m_ColumnSpacing = 0;

        public int ColumnSpacing
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_ColumnSpacing;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_ColumnSpacing = value;
            }
        }

        /*
         * The resolution of the output device in x-direction. The default value is 96.
         * 
         * 解析度，默認值為96
         * 
        */
        private int m_DpiX = 96;

        public int DpiX
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_DpiX;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_DpiX = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The resolution of the output device in y-direction. The default value is 96.
         * 
         * 解析度，默認值為96
         * 
        */
        private int m_DpiY = 96;

        public int DpiY
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_DpiY;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_DpiY = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The last page of the report to render. The default value is the value for StartPage.
         * 
         * 要輸出的報表的最后一頁
         * 
         */
        private int m_EndPage = 0;

        public int EndPage
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_EndPage;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_EndPage = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The first page of the report to render. A value of 0 indicates that all pages are rendered. The default value is 1.
         * 
         * 起始頁，０代表所有頁面都將輸出，默認值為１。
         * 
         */
        private int m_StartPage = 1;

        public int StartPage
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_StartPage;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_StartPage = value;
            }
        }

        /*
         * The bottom margin value, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 1in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 底部邊距，必須加上單位如"in"
         * 
         */
        private decimal m_MarginBottom = 0;

        public decimal MarginBottom
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_MarginBottom;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_MarginBottom = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The top margin value, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 1in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 頂部邊距，必須加上單位如"in"
         * 
         */
        private decimal m_MarginTop = 0;

        public decimal MarginTop
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_MarginTop;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_MarginTop = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The left margin value, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 1in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 左邊距，必須加上單位如"in"
         * 
         */
        private decimal m_MarginLeft = 0;

        public decimal MarginLeft
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_MarginLeft;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_MarginLeft = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The right margin value, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 1in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 右邊距，必須加上單位如"in"
         * 
         */
        private decimal m_MarginRight = 0;

        public decimal MarginRight
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_MarginRight;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_MarginRight = value;
            }
        }

        /*
         * One of the Graphics Device Interface (GDI) supported output formats: BMP, EMF, GIF, JPEG, PNG, or TIFF.
         * 
         * 圖形設備接口（GDI）支持的一種輸出格式，可以是BMP, EMF, GIF, JPEG, PNG, 或 TIFF.
         * 此處使用EMF
         */
        private string m_OutputFormat = "EMF";

        public string OutputFormat
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_OutputFormat;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_OutputFormat = value;
            }
        }

        /*
         * The page height, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 11in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 頁面高度，必須加上單位如"in"
         * 
         */
        private decimal m_PageHeight = 0;

        public decimal PageHeight
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_PageHeight;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_PageHeight = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The page width, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 8.5in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 頁面寬度，必須加上單位如"in"
         * 
        */
        private decimal m_PageWidth = 0;

        public decimal PageWidth
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_PageWidth;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_PageWidth = value;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 返回包含DeviceInfo的字符串
        /// </summary>
        public string DeviceInfoString
        {
            get
            {
                string strRet = string.Empty;

                strRet += "<DeviceInfo>" +
                    "  <OutputFormat>" + this.m_OutputFormat + "</OutputFormat>";

                if (this.m_Landscape)
                    strRet +=
                        "  <PageWidth>" + this.m_PageHeight.ToString() + "cm</PageWidth>" +
                        "  <PageHeight>" + this.m_PageWidth.ToString() + "cm</PageHeight>";
                else
                    strRet +=
                        "  <PageWidth>" + this.m_PageWidth.ToString() + "cm</PageWidth>" +
                        "  <PageHeight>" + this.m_PageHeight.ToString() + "cm</PageHeight>";

                strRet +=
                        "  <MarginTop>" + this.m_MarginTop.ToString() + "cm</MarginTop>" +
                        "  <MarginLeft>" + this.m_MarginLeft.ToString() + "cm</MarginLeft>" +
                        "  <MarginRight>" + this.m_MarginRight.ToString() + "cm</MarginRight>" +
                        "  <MarginBottom>" + this.m_MarginBottom.ToString() + "cm</MarginBottom>";

                strRet += "</DeviceInfo>";

                return strRet;

            }

        }   
    }
}

        好了，解決了DeviceInfo，現在來看一下如何在PrintDocument的PrintPage事件中向打印機輸出由LocalReport呈現 的EMF圖片。使用的方法基本上就是在GotReportViewer的例程Print a report from a console app中使用的方法，但是需要指出的一點是例程中使用事件參數System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs類 的Graphics屬性的DrawImage方法向打印機輸出EMF圖片，在實際的應用中，發現DrawImage方法繪出的圖片會出現放大或縮小的情 況，即使為DrawImage方法指定了看起來正確的參數 ev.Graphics.DrawImageUnscaledAndClipped(this.m_PageImage, ev.PageBounds);，我使用的方法是DrawImageUnscaledAndClipped，在為DeviceInfo結構和 PrintDocument指定好適當且匹配的頁面設置時，輸出的結果是比較好的。