TCP半開的幾個測試,比較簡單都在Erlang Shell中完成.立此存照,備忘.
gen_tcp提供了shutdown來實現這個功能,下面官方文檔中提到了{exit_on_close,false}參數,如果要實現半開,無論是Read Write都要添加這個參數. 官網文檔
Doc Ref
shutdown(Socket, How) -> ok | {error, Reason}
Types:
Socket = socket()
How = read | write | read_write
Reason = posix()
Immediately close a socket in one or two directions.
How == write means closing the socket for writing, reading from it is still possible.
To be able to handle that the peer has done a shutdown on the write side, the {exit_on_close, false} option is useful.
shutdown read
%% Server
Eshell V5.9 (abort with ^G)
1> {ok,S0}=gen_tcp:listen(5678,[]).
{ok,#Port<0.506>}
2> {ok,S2}=gen_tcp:accept(S0).
{ok,#Port<0.512>}
3> flush().
Shell got {tcp,#Port<0.512>,
[104,105,44,121,111,117,32,104,97,118,101,32,110,101,119,32,
109,115,103,32,0]}
ok
4> gen_tcp:shutdown(S2,read).
ok
5> flush().
Shell got {tcp_closed,#Port<0.512>}
ok
6> gen_tcp:send(S2,"are you alive?").
{error,closed}
7>
%% Client
Eshell V5.9 (abort with ^G)
1> {ok,S1}= gen_tcp:connect("localhost",5678,[]).
{ok,#Port<0.511>}
2> gen_tcp:send(S1,"hi,you have new msg \0").
ok
3> gen_tcp:send(S1,"hi,you have new msg \0"). %% 發送這條消息導致server端 接受到tcp_closed的消息
ok
4> gen_tcp:send(S1,"hi,you have new msg \0"). %% 服務器端宕掉之后再發送消息 Client也會出現{error,closed}錯誤
{error,closed}
Client添加一下選項 {exit_on_close, false} 試試
%% Server
Eshell V5.9 (abort with ^G)
1> {ok,S0}=gen_tcp:listen(5678,[]).
{ok,#Port<0.506>}
2> {ok,S2}=gen_tcp:accept(S0).
{ok,#Port<0.512>}
3> gen_tcp:send(S2,"are you alive?").
ok
4> flush().
Shell got {tcp,#Port<0.512>,
[104,105,44,121,111,117,32,104,97,118,101,32,110,101,119,32,
109,115,103,32,0]}
ok
5> gen_tcp:shutdown(S2,read).
ok
6> inet:getstat(S2). %%這時候檢查一下Socket的狀態
{ok,[{recv_oct,21},
{recv_cnt,1},
{recv_max,21},
{recv_avg,21},
{recv_dvi,0},
{send_oct,14},
{send_cnt,1},
{send_max,14},
{send_avg,14},
{send_pend,0}]}
7> gen_tcp:send(S2,"are you alive?===="). %% 由於server只關閉了read 所以發送消息還可以發送出去
ok
8> flush(). %% Client嘗試發送消息
Shell got {tcp_closed,#Port<0.512>}
ok
9> inet:getstat(S2).
{error,einval}
10>
%% Client
Eshell V5.9 (abort with ^G)
1> {ok,S1} = gen_tcp:connect("localhost",5678,[{exit_on_close, false} ]).
{ok,#Port<0.511>}
2> gen_tcp:send(S1,"hi,you have new msg \0").
ok
3> flush().
Shell got {tcp,#Port<0.511>,"are you alive?"}
ok
4> flush(). %% 服務器端只關閉了read 還可以發送消息 這條消息還可以收到
Shell got {tcp,#Port<0.511>,"are you alive?===="}
ok
5> gen_tcp:send(S1,"hi,you have new msg \0"). %% Client向Server發送消息 會導致Server收到tcp_closed消息
ok
6> gen_tcp:send(S1,"hi,you have new msg \0").
{error,closed}
7>
shutdown write
下面的測試關注點是shutdown write,過程和上面類似:
%%Server Eshell V5.9 (abort with ^G) 1> {ok,S0}=gen_tcp:listen(5678,[]). {ok,#Port<0.506>} 2> {ok,S2}=gen_tcp:accept(S0). {ok,#Port<0.512>} 3> flush(). Shell got {tcp,#Port<0.512>, [104,105,44,121,111,117,32,104,97,118,101,32,110,101,119,32, 109,115,103,32,0]} ok 4> gen_tcp:send(S2,"are you alive?"). ok 5> gen_tcp:shutdown(S2,write). %% 執行完這一句 檢查Socket已經是einval ok 6> inet:getstat(S2). {error,einval} 7> %%Client Eshell V5.9 (abort with ^G) 1> {ok,S1}= gen_tcp:connect("localhost",5678,[]). {ok,#Port<0.511>} 2> gen_tcp:send(S1,"hi,you have new msg \0"). ok 3> flush(). Shell got {tcp,#Port<0.511>,"are you alive?"} ok 4> gen_tcp:send(S1,"hi,you have new msg \0"). {error,closed} 5>
調整實驗 添加
exit_on_close選項
%%Server Eshell V5.9 (abort with ^G) 1> {ok,S0}=gen_tcp:listen(5678,[]). {ok,#Port<0.506>} 2> {ok,S2}=gen_tcp:accept(S0). {ok,#Port<0.512>} 3> flush(). Shell got {tcp,#Port<0.512>, [104,105,44,121,111,117,32,104,97,118,101,32,110,101,119,32, 109,115,103,32,0]} ok 4> gen_tcp:send(S2,"are you alive?"). ok 5> gen_tcp:shutdown(S2,write). ok 6> inet:getstat(S2). %% 對比上面的測試結果 這里是正常的狀態 {ok,[{recv_oct,21}, {recv_cnt,1}, {recv_max,21}, {recv_avg,21}, {recv_dvi,0}, {send_oct,14}, {send_cnt,1}, {send_max,14}, {send_avg,14}, {send_pend,0}]} 7> flush(). %% 由於只關閉了寫,讀還是正常的,接受到的消息 Shell got {tcp,#Port<0.512>, [104,105,44,121,111,117,32,104,97,118,101,32,110,101,119,32, 109,115,103,32,50,32,0]} ok 8> gen_tcp:send(S2,"are you alive?"). %% 關閉了寫 這里的調用就會報錯了 {error,closed} 9> inet:getstat(S2). {error,einval} 10> %% Client Eshell V5.9 (abort with ^G) 1> {ok,S1} = gen_tcp:connect("localhost",5678,[{exit_on_close, false} ]). {ok,#Port<0.511>} 2> gen_tcp:send(S1,"hi,you have new msg \0"). ok 3> flush(). Shell got {tcp,#Port<0.511>,"are you alive?"} ok 4> gen_tcp:send(S1,"hi,you have new msg 2 \0"). ok 5>
gen_tcp shutdown
看看gen_tcp 的shutdown的邏輯:
shutdown(S, How) when is_port(S) -> case inet_db:lookup_socket(S) of {ok, Mod} -> Mod:shutdown(S, How); Error -> Error end.
inet_db:lookup_socket(S) 的結果是什么?在Shell里面測試一下:
Eshell V5.9 (abort with ^G) 1> {ok,S0}=gen_tcp:listen(5678,[]). {ok,#Port<0.506>} 2> inet_db:lookup_socket(S0). {ok,inet_tcp} 3>
|--> inet_tcp
%% %% Shutdown one end of a socket %% shutdown(Socket, How) -> prim_inet:shutdown(Socket, How).
|--> prim_inet.erl
shutdown(S, read) when is_port(S) -> shutdown_2(S, 0); shutdown(S, write) when is_port(S) -> shutdown_1(S, 1); shutdown(S, read_write) when is_port(S) -> shutdown_1(S, 2). shutdown_1(S, How) -> case subscribe(S, [subs_empty_out_q]) of {ok,[{subs_empty_out_q,N}]} when N > 0 -> shutdown_pend_loop(S, N); %% wait for pending output to be sent _Other -> ok end, shutdown_2(S, How). shutdown_2(S, How) -> case ctl_cmd(S, ?TCP_REQ_SHUTDOWN, [How]) of {ok, []} -> ok; {error,_}=Error -> Error end. shutdown_pend_loop(S, N0) -> receive {empty_out_q,S} -> ok after ?INET_CLOSE_TIMEOUT -> case getstat(S, [send_pend]) of {ok,[{send_pend,N0}]} -> ok; {ok,[{send_pend,N}]} -> shutdown_pend_loop(S, N); _ -> ok end end.
上面處理考慮的相當周全,如果shutdown的時候有消息還沒有發送完成,就會先完成暫存數據的發送,霸爺有一篇很詳細的分析:
gen_tcp調用進程收到{empty_out_q, Port}消息奇怪行為分析
最后小圖一張 Natalie Portman :
