Python Socket學習

Python在網絡通訊方面功能強大，學習一下Socket通訊的基本方式

UDP通訊：

Server:

import socket
port=8081
s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
#從指定的端口，從任何發送者，接收UDP數據
s.bind(('',port))
print('正在等待接入...')
while True:
    #接收一個數據
    data,addr=s.recvfrom(1024)
    print('Received:',data,'from',addr)

Client:

import socket
port=8081
host='localhost'
s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.sendto(b'hello,this is a test info !',(host,port))

很簡單 。下面是TCP方式：

Server:

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from socket import *
from time import ctime

HOST=''
PORT=12345
BUFSIZ=1024
ADDR=(HOST, PORT)
sock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

sock.bind(ADDR)

sock.listen(5)
while True:
    print('waiting for connection')
    tcpClientSock, addr=sock.accept()
    print('connect from ', addr)
    while True:
        try:
            data=tcpClientSock.recv(BUFSIZ)
        except:
            print(e)
            tcpClientSock.close()
            break
        if not data:
            break
        s='Hi,you send me :[%s] %s' %(ctime(), data.decode('utf8'))
        tcpClientSock.send(s.encode('utf8'))
        print([ctime()], ':', data.decode('utf8'))
tcpClientSock.close()
sock.close()

Client:

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from socket import *

class TcpClient:
    HOST='127.0.0.1'
    PORT=12345
    BUFSIZ=1024
    ADDR=(HOST, PORT)
    def __init__(self):
        self.client=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
        self.client.connect(self.ADDR)

        while True:
            data=input('>')
            if not data:
                break
            self.client.send(data.encode('utf8'))
            data=self.client.recv(self.BUFSIZ)
            if not data:
                break
            print(data.decode('utf8'))
            
if __name__ == '__main__':
    client=TcpClient()

 上面的TCP方式有個問題，不能退出，好吧，我們改造一下，使這個程序可以發送quit命令以退出：

Server:

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from socket import *
from time import ctime
from time import localtime
import time

HOST=''
PORT=1122  #設置偵聽端口
BUFSIZ=1024
ADDR=(HOST, PORT)
sock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

sock.bind(ADDR)

sock.listen(5)
#設置退出條件
STOP_CHAT=False
while not STOP_CHAT:
    print('等待接入，偵聽端口:%d' % (PORT))
    tcpClientSock, addr=sock.accept()
    print('接受連接，客戶端地址：',addr)
    while True:
        try:
            data=tcpClientSock.recv(BUFSIZ)
        except:
            #print(e)
            tcpClientSock.close()
            break
        if not data:
            break
        #python3使用bytes，所以要進行編碼
        #s='%s發送給我的信息是:[%s] %s' %(addr[0],ctime(), data.decode('utf8'))
        #對日期進行一下格式化
        ISOTIMEFORMAT='%Y-%m-%d %X'
        stime=time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, localtime())
        s='%s發送給我的信息是:%s' %(addr[0],data.decode('utf8'))
        tcpClientSock.send(s.encode('utf8'))
        print([stime], ':', data.decode('utf8'))
        #如果輸入quit(忽略大小寫),則程序退出
        STOP_CHAT=(data.decode('utf8').upper()=="QUIT")
        if STOP_CHAT:
            break
tcpClientSock.close()
sock.close()

Client:

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from socket import *

class TcpClient:
    #測試，連接本機
    HOST='127.0.0.1'
    #設置偵聽端口
    PORT=1122 
    BUFSIZ=1024
    ADDR=(HOST, PORT)
    def __init__(self):
        self.client=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
        self.client.connect(self.ADDR)

        while True:
            data=input('>')
            if not data:
                break
            #python3傳遞的是bytes，所以要編碼
            self.client.send(data.encode('utf8'))
            print('發送信息到%s：%s' %(self.HOST,data))
            if data.upper()=="QUIT":
                break            
            data=self.client.recv(self.BUFSIZ)
            if not data:
                break
            print('從%s收到信息：%s' %(self.HOST,data.decode('utf8')))
            
            
if __name__ == '__main__':
    client=TcpClient()

 

注：以上代碼為Python3。