NSAttributedString可以讓我們使一個字符串顯示的多樣化,但是目前到iOS 5為止,好像對它支持的不是很好,因為顯示起來不太方便(至少沒有在OS X上方便)。
首先導入CoreText.framework,並在需要使用的文件中導入:
#import<CoreText/CoreText.h>
創建一個NSMutableAttributedString:
NSMutableAttributedString *attriString = [[[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"this is test!"] autorelease];
非常常規的創建方式,接下來我們給它配置屬性:
//把this的字體顏色變為紅色 [attriString addAttribute:(NSString *)kCTForegroundColorAttributeName value:(id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor range:NSMakeRange(0, 4)]; //把is變為黃色 [attriString addAttribute:(NSString *)kCTForegroundColorAttributeName value:(id)[UIColor yellowColor].CGColor range:NSMakeRange(5, 2)]; //改變this的字體,value必須是一個CTFontRef [attriString addAttribute:(NSString *)kCTFontAttributeName value:(id)CTFontCreateWithName((CFStringRef)[UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:14].fontName, 14, NULL) range:NSMakeRange(0, 4)]; //給this加上下划線,value可以在指定的枚舉中選擇 [attriString addAttribute:(NSString *)kCTUnderlineStyleAttributeName value:(id)[NSNumber numberWithInt:kCTUnderlineStyleDouble] range:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];
這樣就算是配置好了,但是我們可以發現NSAttributedString繼承於NSObject,並且不支持任何draw的方法,那我們就只能自己draw了。寫一個UIView的子類(假設命名為TView),在initWithFrame中把背景色設為透明(self.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor]),然后在重寫drawRect方法:
-(void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect{ [super drawRect:rect]; CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); CGContextConcatCTM(ctx, CGAffineTransformScale(CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(0, rect.size.height), 1.f, -1.f)); CTFramesetterRef framesetter = CTFramesetterCreateWithAttributedString((CFAttributedStringRef)attriString); CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable(); CGPathAddRect(path, NULL, rect); CTFrameRef frame = CTFramesetterCreateFrame(framesetter, CFRangeMake(0, 0), path, NULL); CFRelease(path); CFRelease(framesetter); CTFrameDraw(frame, ctx); CFRelease(frame); }
在代碼中我們調整了CTM(current transformation matrix),這是因為Quartz 2D的坐標系統不同.
CTFramesetter是CTFrame的創建工廠,NSAttributedString需要通過CTFrame繪制到界面上,得到CTFramesetter后,創建path(繪制路徑),然后得到CTFrame,最后通過CTFrameDraw方法繪制到界面上。
如果想要計算NSAttributedString所要的size,就需要用到這個API:
CTFramesetterSuggestFrameSizeWithConstraints,用NSString的sizeWithFont算多行時會算不准的,因為在CoreText里,行間距也是你來控制的。
設置行間距和換行模式都是設置一個屬性:kCTParagraphStyleAttributeName,這個屬性里面又分為很多子
屬性,其中就包括
- kCTLineBreakByCharWrapping
- kCTParagraphStyleSpecifierLineSpacingAdjustment
//段落 //line break CTParagraphStyleSetting lineBreakMode; CTLineBreakMode lineBreak = kCTLineBreakByCharWrapping; //換行模式 lineBreakMode.spec = kCTParagraphStyleSpecifierLineBreakMode; lineBreakMode.value = &lineBreak; lineBreakMode.valueSize = sizeof(CTLineBreakMode); //行間距 CTParagraphStyleSetting LineSpacing; CGFloat spacing = 4.0; //指定間距 LineSpacing.spec = kCTParagraphStyleSpecifierLineSpacingAdjustment; LineSpacing.value = &spacing; LineSpacing.valueSize = sizeof(CGFloat); CTParagraphStyleSetting settings[] = {lineBreakMode,LineSpacing}; CTParagraphStyleRef paragraphStyle = CTParagraphStyleCreate(settings, 2); //第二個參數為settings的長度 [attributedString addAttribute:(NSString *)kCTParagraphStyleAttributeName value:(id)paragraphStyle range:NSMakeRange(0, attributedString.length)];
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這並不是唯一的方法,還有另一種替代方案:
CATextLayer *textLayer = [CATextLayer layer]; textLayer.string = getAttributedString(); textLayer.frame = CGRectMake(0, CGRectGetMaxY(view.frame), 200, 200); [self.view.layer addSublayer:textLayer];
CATextLayer可以直接支持NSAttributedString!
<a href="http://download.csdn.net/detail/zhangao0086/4340376">源碼地址</a>
原文:http://blog.csdn.net/zhangao0086/article/details/7616385
by yytong
