我們所用的宏包為colortbl,這個宏包可以設置表格中數據、文本、行、列、單元格前景和背景以及邊框的顏色,從而得到彩色表格。同時需要 array 和 color 兩個宏包的支持。 宏包提供了一組着色命令,經常用到是列着色命令,其格式為:
\columncolor[色系]{色名}[左伸出][右伸出]。
常用色系有三原色 rgb 灰度 gray 和四色cmyk三種;被預定義的色名有68個,詳見 color 宏包介紹中所附的色標;左右伸出的長度單位可用 pt。
colortbl 的主要命令
命令 |
作用 |
\columncolor |
讓整個字段着色 |
\rowcolor |
整個橫列着色 |
\arrayrulecolor{顏色} |
指定線條的顏色 |
\doublerulesepcolor{顏色} |
指定雙線內間隔的顏色 |
在這里,\columncolor 和 \rowcolor 的參數是一樣的,他們的共同語法是:
\columncolor[顏色模型]{顏色}[左伸出長度][右伸出長度]
我們現在就來看個實例,這里頭有些例子,包括:灰階橫條、部份字段着色、整個表格在着色背景及單一個表格內方框着色:
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{textcomp,booktabs}
\usepackage[usenames,dvipsnames]{color}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\definecolor{mygray}{gray}{.9}
\definecolor{mypink}{rgb}{.99,.91,.95}
\definecolor{mycyan}{cmyk}{.3,0,0,0}
\parindent=0pt
\parskip=3ex
\begin{document}
\centering
\section*{SPECIFIC HEATS (20 \textcelsius\ AND 1 ATM)}
\begin{tabular}{>{\sf }lll}
%
\toprule
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bf Specific Heats} \\
\cmidrule{2-3}
& $c$ (J/kg$\cdot$K) & $C$ (J/mol$\cdot$K) \\
\midrule
Aluminum & 900 & 24.3 \\
\rowcolor{mygray}
Copper & 385 & 24.4 \\
Gold & 130 & 25.6 \\
\rowcolor{mygray}
Steel/Iron & 450 & 25.0 \\
Lead & 130 & 26.8 \\
\rowcolor{mygray}
Mercury & 140 & 28.0 \\
Water & 4190 & 75.4 \\
\rowcolor{mygray}
Ice ($-$10 \textcelsius) & 2100 & 38 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\vspace{8ex} %
\section*{SPECIFIC HEATS (20 \textcelsius\ AND 1 ATM)}
\begin{tabular}{>{\columncolor{mypink}\sf }lll@{}}
\toprule
\rowcolor{white}
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bf Specific Heats} \\
\cmidrule{2-3}
\rowcolor{white}
& $c$ (J/kg$\cdot$K) & $C$ (J/mol$\cdot$K) \\
\midrule
Aluminum & 900 & 24.3 \\
Copper & 385 & 24.4 \\
Gold & 130 & 25.6 \\
Steel/Iron & 450 & 25.0 \\
Lead & 130 & 26.8 \\
Mercury & 140 & 28.0 \\
Water & 4190 & 75.4 \\
Ice ($-$10 \textcelsius) & 2100 & 38 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\section*{SPECIFIC HEATS (20 \textcelsius\ AND 1 ATM)}
\fboxsep=12pt
\colorbox{mypink}{
\begin{tabular}{@{}>{\sf }lll@{}}
\toprule
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bf Specific Heats} \\
\cmidrule{2-3}
& $c$ (J/kg$\cdot$K) & $C$ (J/mol$\cdot$K) \\
\midrule
Aluminum & 900 & 24.3 \\
Copper & 385 & 24.4 \\
Gold & 130 & 25.6 \\
Steel/Iron & 450 & 25.0 \\
Lead & 130 & 26.8 \\
Mercury & 140 & 28.0 \\
Water & 4190 & 75.4 \\
Ice ($-$10 \textcelsius) & 2100 & 38 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}}
\vspace{8ex} %
\section*{SPECIFIC HEATS (20 \textcelsius\ AND 1 ATM)}
\begin{tabular}{@{}>{\sf }lll@{}}
\toprule
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bf Specific Heats} \\
\cmidrule{2-3}
& $c$ (J/kg$\cdot$K) & $C$ (J/mol$\cdot$K) \\
\midrule
Aluminum & 900 & 24.3 \\
Copper & 385 & 24.4 \\
Gold & 130 & 25.6 \\
Steel/Iron & 450 & 25.0 \\
Lead & 130 & 26.8 \\
Mercury & 140 & 28.0 \\
Water & \multicolumn{1}{>{\columncolor{mycyan}}l}{4190} & 75.4 \\
Ice ($-$10 \textcelsius) & 2100 & 38 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\setlength{\extrarowheight}{2mm}
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
Sydney & OG4G &Thu Oct 10 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 &11 or 18 days &999\\
\rowcolor[gray]{0.5}
& &Thu Oct 17 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 & 4 or 11 days &999\\
&OG7A &Sun Oct 13 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 & 8 or 15 days &999\\
\rowcolor[gray]{0.5}
& &Sun Oct 20 &Mon Oct 28 & 8 days &999\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\setlength{\extrarowheight}{2mm}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{2mm}
\begin{tabular}{|l|%
>{\columncolor{yellow}}c|c|>{\columncolor{yellow}}c|c|%
>{\columncolor{red}\bfseries}c<{\textsc{GBP}}|}
\hline
\multicolumn{3}{>{\columncolor{red}}l}{\color{white}\textsf{LONDON}}
&\multicolumn{3}{>{\columncolor{red}}r}{\color{white}\textsf{Price}}
\\[1pt]
\hline
Sydney & OG4G &Thu Oct 10 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 &11 or 18 days &999\\
& &Thu Oct 17 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 & 4 or 11 days &999\\
& OG7A &Sun Oct 13 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 & 8 or 15 days &999\\
& &Sun Oct 20 &Mon Oct 28 & 8 days &999\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{2pt}
\arrayrulecolor{green}
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|r|}
\arrayrulecolor{black}\hline
United Kingdom & London & Thames\\
\arrayrulecolor{blue}\hline
France & Paris & Seine \\
\arrayrulecolor{black}\cline{1-1}
\arrayrulecolor{red}\cline{2-3}
Russia & Moscow & Moskva \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{document}