調用Webservice的方法一般是通過右擊項目--》添加服務引用--》輸入Webservice地址--》前往--》確定,這樣可以順利調用服,但是需要注意的一點是:如果上面的方法是在非啟動項項目(比如某個類庫)中添加的,在該項目下會自動生成一個app.config文件,而在主配置文件web.config中並沒有自動添加上該webservice的標記,這樣運行會出現錯誤,說找不到配置信息等等……所有還需要把app.config中的<system.serviceModel>……</system.serviceModel>這段配置添加到web.config的<configuration>……</configuration>標記中,這樣運行就不會出問題了。如果以后服務地址發生了變化,也只需要修改web.config中的地址就行了。
如果你覺得上面的方法含麻煩的話,你可以選擇下面的方法:動態WebService方法。需要寫一個底層解析Webservice服務地址的方法,然后調用就可以,很方便。服務地址你可以配置到web.config中,也可以保存到數據庫中,隨你了……
下面通過一個判斷騰訊QQ在線狀態的例子說明一下動態WebService的方法。
騰訊QQ在線狀態WEB 服務:http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/webservices/qqOnlineWebService.asmx
方法:qqCheckOnline 獲得騰訊QQ在線狀態
輸入參數:QQ號碼 String,默認QQ號碼:8698053。返回數據:String,Y = 在線;N = 離線;E = QQ號碼錯誤;A = 商業用戶驗證失敗;V = 免費用戶超過數量
using System; using System.Collections; using System.Reflection; using System.Web.Services; using System.Web.Services.Protocols; using System.Web.Services.Description; using System.CodeDom; using System.CodeDom.Compiler; using System.Net; using System.Web; namespace Kayang.WebService { /// <summary> /// WebServiceProxy 的摘要說明。 /// </summary> public sealed class WebServiceProxy { private static Hashtable _assenblyCache = null; //緩存提高效率 public WebServiceProxy() { } //url:服務地址
//methodname:方法名字
//args:方法的參數 public static object InvokeWebservice(string url, string nsClassName, string methodname, params object[] args) { return InvokeWebservice(url, nsClassName, methodname, 100000, args); } public static object InvokeWebservice(string url, string nsClassName, string methodname, int timeout, params object[] args) { if (args.Length == 1 && args[0] is ArrayList) { args = (args[0] as ArrayList).ToArray(); } try { int li = nsClassName.LastIndexOf('.'); string @namespace = (li == -1 ? "" : nsClassName.Substring(0, li)); Assembly assembly; if (_assenblyCache == null) { _assenblyCache = new Hashtable(); } if (_assenblyCache.ContainsKey(url.ToUpper())) { assembly = (Assembly)_assenblyCache[url.ToUpper()]; } else { System.Net.WebClient wc = new System.Net.WebClient(); System.IO.Stream stream = wc.OpenRead(url + "?WSDL"); //Configuration.SoapEnvelopeProcessingElement se = new Configuration.SoapEnvelopeProcessingElement(); //se.ReadTimeout = 15000; ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream); ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter(); sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "", ""); CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace); CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit(); ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn); sdi.Import(cn, ccu); Microsoft.CSharp.CSharpCodeProvider csc = new Microsoft.CSharp.CSharpCodeProvider(); ICodeCompiler icc = csc.CreateCompiler(); CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters(); cplist.GenerateExecutable = false; cplist.GenerateInMemory = true; cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.XML.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Web.Services.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Data.dll"); CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu); if (true == cr.Errors.HasErrors) { System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder(); foreach (CompilerError ce in cr.Errors) { sb.Append(ce.ToString()); sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine); } throw new Exception(sb.ToString()); } assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly; _assenblyCache[url.ToUpper()] = assembly; } Type t = null; if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(nsClassName)) { t = assembly.GetTypes()[0]; } else { t = assembly.GetType(nsClassName, true, true); } MethodInfo mi = null; if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(methodname)) { mi = t.GetMethods(BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance)[0]; } else { mi = t.GetMethod(methodname); } SoapHttpClientProtocol obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t) as SoapHttpClientProtocol; SetCookie(url, obj); //obj.Credentials = System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultNetworkCredentials; obj.Timeout = timeout; return mi.Invoke(obj, args); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.InnerException.Message, new Exception(ex.InnerException.StackTrace)); } } /// <summary> /// 傳入Cookie,使對方可以使用當前Session /// By 黃正 2009-12-6 /// </summary> /// <param name="url"></param> /// <param name="obj"></param> private static void SetCookie(string url, SoapHttpClientProtocol obj) { HttpContext ctx = HttpContext.Current; if (ctx != null) { CookieContainer cc = new CookieContainer(); foreach (string cookieName in ctx.Request.Cookies.AllKeys) { cc.SetCookies(new Uri(url), cookieName + "=" + ctx.Request.Cookies[cookieName].Value); } //req.Headers.Add(HttpRequestHeader.Cookie, Request.Headers["Cookie"]); obj.CookieContainer = cc; } } } }
調用:
string url = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/webservices/qqOnlineWebService.asmx"; string @namespace=""; string methodname = "qqCheckOnline";//需要調用的webservice中的方法 string Invoke = "123456";//QQ號碼 string result = WebService.WebServiceProxy.InvokeWebservice(url, @namespace, methodname, Invoke).ToString();
【更多的對外公開Webservice服務地址,可參考http://blog.csdn.net/eric_guodongliang/article/details/7188646】