本類適用於比較2個字符的相似度,代碼如下:

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; public class StringCompute { #region 私有變量 /// <summary> /// 字符串1 /// </summary> private char[] _ArrChar1; /// <summary> /// 字符串2 /// </summary> private char[] _ArrChar2; /// <summary> /// 統計結果 /// </summary> private Result _Result; /// <summary> /// 開始時間 /// </summary> private DateTime _BeginTime; /// <summary> /// 結束時間 /// </summary> private DateTime _EndTime; /// <summary> /// 計算次數 /// </summary> private int _ComputeTimes; /// <summary> /// 算法矩陣 /// </summary> private int[,] _Matrix; /// <summary> /// 矩陣列數 /// </summary> private int _Column; /// <summary> /// 矩陣行數 /// </summary> private int _Row; #endregion #region 屬性 public Result ComputeResult { get { return _Result; } } #endregion #region 構造函數 public StringCompute(string str1, string str2) { this.StringComputeInit(str1, str2); } public StringCompute() { } #endregion #region 算法實現 /// <summary> /// 初始化算法基本信息 /// </summary> /// <param name="str1">字符串1</param> /// <param name="str2">字符串2</param> private void StringComputeInit(string str1, string str2) { _ArrChar1 = str1.ToCharArray(); _ArrChar2 = str2.ToCharArray(); _Result = new Result(); _ComputeTimes = 0; _Row = _ArrChar1.Length + 1; _Column = _ArrChar2.Length + 1; _Matrix = new int[_Row, _Column]; } /// <summary> /// 計算相似度 /// </summary> public void Compute() { //開始時間 _BeginTime = DateTime.Now; //初始化矩陣的第一行和第一列 this.InitMatrix(); int intCost = 0; for (int i = 1; i < _Row; i++) { for (int j = 1; j < _Column; j++) { if (_ArrChar1[i - 1] == _ArrChar2[j - 1]) { intCost = 0; } else { intCost = 1; } //關鍵步驟,計算當前位置值為左邊+1、上面+1、左上角+intCost中的最小值 //循環遍歷到最后_Matrix[_Row - 1, _Column - 1]即為兩個字符串的距離 _Matrix[i, j] = this.Minimum(_Matrix[i - 1, j] + 1, _Matrix[i, j - 1] + 1, _Matrix[i - 1, j - 1] + intCost); _ComputeTimes++; } } //結束時間 _EndTime = DateTime.Now; //相似率 移動次數小於最長的字符串長度的20%算同一題 int intLength = _Row > _Column ? _Row : _Column; _Result.Rate = (1 - (decimal)_Matrix[_Row - 1, _Column - 1] / intLength); _Result.UseTime = (_EndTime - _BeginTime).ToString(); _Result.ComputeTimes = _ComputeTimes.ToString(); _Result.Difference = _Matrix[_Row - 1, _Column - 1]; } /// <summary> /// 計算相似度(不記錄比較時間) /// </summary> public void SpeedyCompute() { //開始時間 //_BeginTime = DateTime.Now; //初始化矩陣的第一行和第一列 this.InitMatrix(); int intCost = 0; for (int i = 1; i < _Row; i++) { for (int j = 1; j < _Column; j++) { if (_ArrChar1[i - 1] == _ArrChar2[j - 1]) { intCost = 0; } else { intCost = 1; } //關鍵步驟,計算當前位置值為左邊+1、上面+1、左上角+intCost中的最小值 //循環遍歷到最后_Matrix[_Row - 1, _Column - 1]即為兩個字符串的距離 _Matrix[i, j] = this.Minimum(_Matrix[i - 1, j] + 1, _Matrix[i, j - 1] + 1, _Matrix[i - 1, j - 1] + intCost); _ComputeTimes++; } } //結束時間 //_EndTime = DateTime.Now; //相似率 移動次數小於最長的字符串長度的20%算同一題 int intLength = _Row > _Column ? _Row : _Column; _Result.Rate = (1 - (decimal)_Matrix[_Row - 1, _Column - 1] / intLength); // _Result.UseTime = (_EndTime - _BeginTime).ToString(); _Result.ComputeTimes = _ComputeTimes.ToString(); _Result.Difference = _Matrix[_Row - 1, _Column - 1]; } /// <summary> /// 計算相似度 /// </summary> /// <param name="str1">字符串1</param> /// <param name="str2">字符串2</param> public void Compute(string str1, string str2) { this.StringComputeInit(str1, str2); this.Compute(); } /// <summary> /// 計算相似度 /// </summary> /// <param name="str1">字符串1</param> /// <param name="str2">字符串2</param> public void SpeedyCompute(string str1, string str2) { this.StringComputeInit(str1, str2); this.SpeedyCompute(); } /// <summary> /// 初始化矩陣的第一行和第一列 /// </summary> private void InitMatrix() { for (int i = 0; i < _Column; i++) { _Matrix[0, i] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < _Row; i++) { _Matrix[i, 0] = i; } } /// <summary> /// 取三個數中的最小值 /// </summary> /// <param name="First"></param> /// <param name="Second"></param> /// <param name="Third"></param> /// <returns></returns> private int Minimum(int First, int Second, int Third) { int intMin = First; if (Second < intMin) { intMin = Second; } if (Third < intMin) { intMin = Third; } return intMin; } #endregion } /// <summary> /// 計算結果 /// </summary> public struct Result { /// <summary> /// 相似度 /// </summary> public decimal Rate; /// <summary> /// 對比次數 /// </summary> public string ComputeTimes; /// <summary> /// 使用時間 /// </summary> public string UseTime; /// <summary> /// 差異 /// </summary> public int Difference; }
調用方法:
// 方式一 StringCompute stringcompute1 = new StringCompute(); stringcompute1.SpeedyCompute("對比字符一", "對比字符二"); // 計算相似度, 不記錄比較時間 decimal rate = stringcompute1.ComputeResult.Rate; // 相似度百分之幾,完全匹配相似度為1 // 方式二 StringCompute stringcompute2 = new StringCompute(); stringcompute2.Compute(); // 計算相似度, 記錄比較時間 string usetime = stringcompute2.ComputeResult.UseTime; // 對比使用時間