Qt學習之路_6(Qt局域網聊天軟件)

　　

　　在上2次文章Qt學習之路_5(Qt TCP的初步使用)   Qt學習之路_4(Qt UDP的初步使用) 中已經初步介紹了群聊功能和文件傳輸功能，這一節中主要在這個基礎上加入一個私聊功能。

　　參考文獻依舊是：《Qt及Qt Quick開發實戰精解》一書中的第5個例子以及http://www.yafeilinux.com/ 網站上的源碼。另外這次的私聊功能也是參考網友http://www.qtcn.org/bbs/read-htm-tid-32609.html的，他的程序有些bug，其中最嚴重的bug是當私聊第二次聊天的時候對方會接收不到信息。這次主要是將這個bug和其它一些小bug修補了，但是仍然有一個漏洞就是：當第二次私聊時，后面那個的發送方收到信息的時候有可能會多一個窗口彈出來。目前還找不到其原因。猜想是：在第一次聊天接收時關閉聊天窗口后，其內存沒有釋放。但是當窗口關閉時我們覺得其內存釋放應該在Qt內部自己實現。

     下面來講一下私聊發送端和接收端具體實現過程。

     發送端流程圖如下：

     

　　

   

　　接收端的流程圖如下：

 　　

　　

　　下面來介紹下2者實現的具體過程：

　　A方(主動開始首次發送的一方)：

1. 在主窗口右側雙擊自己想與之聊天的B方，此時A方實際上完成的工作有：用B方的主機名和ip地址新建了私聊的類privatechat，在新建該類的過程中，已經設置了顯示頂端為：與***聊天中，對方IP：***，且綁定了本地ip和私聊的專用端口，同時設置了信號與槽的聯系，即該端口如果有數據輸入，則觸發槽函數processPendingDatagrams().該函數是char.cpp中的。
2. 當上面的新建私聊類完成后，用通訊對方ip地址和其群聊專用的端口（但用的是主udp群聊的socket進行的）將以下內容分別發送出去：消息類型(Xchat)，用戶名，主機名，本地ip地址。完成后，在屏幕中顯示私聊窗口。
3. 在私聊窗口中輸入需要聊天的內容，單擊發送鍵。該過程玩成的內容有：分別將消息類型(Message)+用戶名+本地名+本地IP+消息內容本身通過私聊專用端口發送出去。在私聊窗口中顯示主機名+聊天時間，換行后顯示消息內容本身。

 

　　B方(第一次信息是他人發送過來的)：

1. 當A在2步驟中用群聊的方法發送其消息類型(Xchat)，其用戶名，其主機名，其ip地址后，由於程序運行時已經初始化了widget.cpp中的構造函數，所以每個程序都綁定了本地地址+群聊專用的端口，一旦有數據傳入，就觸發widget.cpp中的槽函數processPendingDatagrams().
2. 在processPendingDatagrams()函數中，判斷消息類型為Xchat后，接收緩存區內接收對方用戶名，對方主機名和對方ip地址。並用接收到的主機名和ip地址新建一個私聊類。新建該私聊的過程與A中的步驟1一樣。完后在程序中顯示私聊窗口。
3. 當對方A按完發送按鈕后，通過私聊專用端口綁定槽函數來觸發chart.cpp中的processPendingDatagrams()函數，該函數中先讀取消息類型(Message)，然后依次讀取用戶名，主機名，ip地址，消息內容本身，並將對方信息和消息內容顯示在聊天窗口中。

 

　　實驗結果如下：

　　群聊界面：

 　　

　　

　　私聊界面：

 　　

　　

　　文件傳輸過程截圖：

 　　

　　

 

　　實驗總結（下面幾點只是暫時的理解）：

1. 使用類時，如果直接用構造函數定義該類的對象，則定義該類的函數接收時，該對象的生命也就結束了，所以如果要在其他函數中定義一個類的對象時並長久使用，可以使用new定義一個對象的初始指針。這樣就在內存中永存了。
2. 如果某個窗口類需要顯示時直接調用其指針->show()或者其對象-.show(),這個函數只是將內存中該類的對象顯示出來而已（因為與界面有關），並不是重新建一個類對象。其表示該類的界面等可以顯示，所以一旦show過即使改變了界面的內容，后面也無需一直調用show函數，界面會自動顯示的。
3. 當關閉某個窗口時，只是將其隱藏，並沒有釋放其內存。

 

程序源碼（附錄有工程code下載鏈接）：

　widget.h

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QtNetwork>
#include <QtGui>
#include "tcpclient.h"
#include "tcpserver.h"
#include "chat.h"
using namespace std::tr1;
namespace Ui {
    class Widget;
}

//enum MessageType
//{
//    Message,
//    NewParticipant,
//    ParticipantLeft,
//    FileName,
//    Refuse,
//    xchat
//};
//枚舉變量標志信息的類型，分別為消息，新用戶加入，和用戶退出
class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit Widget(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~Widget();
    QString getUserName();
    QString getMessage();
    chat* privatechat;
    chat* privatechat1;

protected:
    void changeEvent(QEvent *e);
    void sendMessage(MessageType type,QString serverAddress="");
    void newParticipant(QString userName,QString localHostName,QString ipAddress);
    void participantLeft(QString userName,QString localHostName,QString time);
    void closeEvent(QCloseEvent *);
    void hasPendingFile(QString userName,QString serverAddress,
                        QString clientAddress,QString fileName);

     bool eventFilter(QObject *target, QEvent *event);//事件過濾器
private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;
    QUdpSocket *udpSocket;
    qint32 port;
    qint32 bb;
    QString fileName;
    TcpServer *server;
    //chat *privatechat;

    QString getIP();

    QColor color;//顏色

    bool saveFile(const QString& fileName);//保存聊天記錄
    void showxchat(QString name, QString ip);

private slots:
    void on_tableWidget_doubleClicked(QModelIndex index);
    void on_textUnderline_clicked(bool checked);
    void on_clear_clicked();
    void on_save_clicked();
    void on_textcolor_clicked();
    void on_textitalic_clicked(bool checked);
    void on_textbold_clicked(bool checked);
    void on_fontComboBox_currentFontChanged(QFont f);
    void on_fontsizecomboBox_currentIndexChanged(QString );
    void on_close_clicked();
    void on_sendfile_clicked();
    void on_send_clicked();
    void processPendingDatagrams();
    void sentFileName(QString);
    void currentFormatChanged(const QTextCharFormat &format);

signals:


};

#endif // WIDGET_H

 

widget.cpp:

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
using namespace std::tr1;
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);   
    this->resize(850,550);
    ui->textEdit->setFocusPolicy(Qt::StrongFocus);
    ui->textBrowser->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);

    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
    ui->textEdit->installEventFilter(this);//設置完后自動調用其eventFilter函數
    privatechat = NULL;
    privatechat1 = NULL;

    udpSocket = new QUdpSocket(this);
    port = 45454;
    bb = 0;
    udpSocket->bind(port,QUdpSocket::ShareAddress | QUdpSocket::ReuseAddressHint);
    connect(udpSocket,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(processPendingDatagrams()));
    sendMessage(NewParticipant);

    server = new TcpServer(this);
    connect(server,SIGNAL(sendFileName(QString)),this,SLOT(sentFileName(QString)));
    connect(ui->textEdit,SIGNAL(currentCharFormatChanged(QTextCharFormat)),this,SLOT(currentFormatChanged(const QTextCharFormat)));

}

void Widget::currentFormatChanged(const QTextCharFormat &format)
{//當編輯器的字體格式改變時，我們讓部件狀態也隨之改變
    ui->fontComboBox->setCurrentFont(format.font());

    if(format.fontPointSize()<9)  //如果字體大小出錯，因為我們最小的字體為9
    {
        ui->fontsizecomboBox->setCurrentIndex(3); //即顯示12
    }
    else
    {
        ui->fontsizecomboBox->setCurrentIndex(ui->fontsizecomboBox->findText(QString::number(format.fontPointSize())));

    }

    ui->textbold->setChecked(format.font().bold());
    ui->textitalic->setChecked(format.font().italic());
    ui->textUnderline->setChecked(format.font().underline());
    color = format.foreground().color();
}

void Widget::processPendingDatagrams()   //接收數據UDP
{
    while(udpSocket->hasPendingDatagrams())
    {
        QByteArray datagram;
        datagram.resize(udpSocket->pendingDatagramSize());
        udpSocket->readDatagram(datagram.data(),datagram.size());
        QDataStream in(&datagram,QIODevice::ReadOnly);
        int messageType;
        in >> messageType;
        QString userName,localHostName,ipAddress,message;
        QString time = QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
        switch(messageType)
        {
            case Message:
                {
                    in >>userName >>localHostName >>ipAddress >>message;
                    ui->textBrowser->setTextColor(Qt::blue);
                    ui->textBrowser->setCurrentFont(QFont("Times New Roman",12));
                    ui->textBrowser->append("[ " +localHostName+" ] "+ time);
                    ui->textBrowser->append(message);
                    break;
                }
            case NewParticipant:
                {
                    in >>userName >>localHostName >>ipAddress;
                    newParticipant(userName,localHostName,ipAddress);

                    break;
                }
            case ParticipantLeft:
                {
                    in >>userName >>localHostName;
                    participantLeft(userName,localHostName,time);
                    break;
                }
        case FileName:
            {
                in >>userName >>localHostName >> ipAddress;
                QString clientAddress,fileName;
                in >> clientAddress >> fileName;
                hasPendingFile(userName,ipAddress,clientAddress,fileName);
                break;
            }
        case Refuse:
            {
                in >> userName >> localHostName;
                QString serverAddress;
                in >> serverAddress;            
                QString ipAddress = getIP();

                if(ipAddress == serverAddress)
                {
                    server->refused();
                }
                break;
            }
        case Xchat:
            {
                in >>userName >>localHostName >>ipAddress;
                showxchat(localHostName,ipAddress);//顯示與主機名聊天中，不是用戶名
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}

//處理新用戶加入
void Widget::newParticipant(QString userName,QString localHostName,QString ipAddress)
{
    bool bb = ui->tableWidget->findItems(localHostName,Qt::MatchExactly).isEmpty();
    if(bb)
    {
        QTableWidgetItem *user = new QTableWidgetItem(userName);
        QTableWidgetItem *host = new QTableWidgetItem(localHostName);
        QTableWidgetItem *ip = new QTableWidgetItem(ipAddress);
        ui->tableWidget->insertRow(0);
        ui->tableWidget->setItem(0,0,user);
        ui->tableWidget->setItem(0,1,host);
        ui->tableWidget->setItem(0,2,ip);
        ui->textBrowser->setTextColor(Qt::gray);
        ui->textBrowser->setCurrentFont(QFont("Times New Roman",10));
        ui->textBrowser->append(tr("%1 在線！").arg(localHostName));
        ui->onlineUser->setText(tr("在線人數：%1").arg(ui->tableWidget->rowCount()));
        sendMessage(NewParticipant);
    }
}

//處理用戶離開
void Widget::participantLeft(QString userName,QString localHostName,QString time)
{
    int rowNum = ui->tableWidget->findItems(localHostName,Qt::MatchExactly).first()->row();
    ui->tableWidget->removeRow(rowNum);
    ui->textBrowser->setTextColor(Qt::gray);
    ui->textBrowser->setCurrentFont(QFont("Times New Roman",10));
    ui->textBrowser->append(tr("%1 於 %2 離開！").arg(localHostName).arg(time));
    ui->onlineUser->setText(tr("在線人數：%1").arg(ui->tableWidget->rowCount()));
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
//    delete privatechat;
//    privatechat = NULL;
    //udpSocket
    //server
}

void Widget::changeEvent(QEvent *e)
{
    QWidget::changeEvent(e);
    switch (e->type()) {
    case QEvent::LanguageChange:
        ui->retranslateUi(this);
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
}

QString Widget::getIP()  //獲取ip地址
{
    QList<QHostAddress> list = QNetworkInterface::allAddresses();
    foreach (QHostAddress address, list)
    {
       if(address.protocol() == QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol) //我們使用IPv4地址
            return address.toString();
    }
       return 0;
}

void Widget::sendMessage(MessageType type, QString serverAddress)  //發送信息
{
    QByteArray data;
    QDataStream out(&data,QIODevice::WriteOnly);
    QString localHostName = QHostInfo::localHostName();
    QString address = getIP();
    out << type << getUserName() << localHostName;


    switch(type)
    {
        case ParticipantLeft:
            {
                break;
            }
        case NewParticipant:
            {         
                out << address;
                break;
            }

        case Message :
            {
                if(ui->textEdit->toPlainText() == "")
                {
                    QMessageBox::warning(0,tr("警告"),tr("發送內容不能為空"),QMessageBox::Ok);
                    return;
                }
               out << address << getMessage();
               ui->textBrowser->verticalScrollBar()->setValue(ui->textBrowser->verticalScrollBar()->maximum());
               break;

            }
        case FileName:
            {
                int row = ui->tableWidget->currentRow();
                QString clientAddress = ui->tableWidget->item(row,2)->text();
                out << address << clientAddress << fileName;
                break;
            }
        case Refuse:
            {
                out << serverAddress;
                break;
            }
    }
    udpSocket->writeDatagram(data,data.length(),QHostAddress::Broadcast, port);

}

QString Widget::getUserName()  //獲取用戶名
{
    QStringList envVariables;
    envVariables << "USERNAME.*" << "USER.*" << "USERDOMAIN.*"
                 << "HOSTNAME.*" << "DOMAINNAME.*";
    QStringList environment = QProcess::systemEnvironment();
    foreach (QString string, envVariables)
    {
        int index = environment.indexOf(QRegExp(string));
        if (index != -1)
        {

            QStringList stringList = environment.at(index).split('=');
            if (stringList.size() == 2)
            {
                return stringList.at(1);
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

QString Widget::getMessage()  //獲得要發送的信息
{
    QString msg = ui->textEdit->toHtml();

    ui->textEdit->clear();
    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
    return msg;
}

void Widget::closeEvent(QCloseEvent *)
{
    sendMessage(ParticipantLeft);
}

void Widget::sentFileName(QString fileName)
{
    this->fileName = fileName;
    sendMessage(FileName);
}

void Widget::hasPendingFile(QString userName,QString serverAddress,  //接收文件
                            QString clientAddress,QString fileName)
{
    QString ipAddress = getIP();
    if(ipAddress == clientAddress)
    {
        int btn = QMessageBox::information(this,tr("接受文件"),
                                 tr("來自%1(%2)的文件：%3,是否接收？")
                                 .arg(userName).arg(serverAddress).arg(fileName),
                                 QMessageBox::Yes,QMessageBox::No);
        if(btn == QMessageBox::Yes)
        {
            QString name = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(0,tr("保存文件"),fileName);
            if(!name.isEmpty())
            {
                TcpClient *client = new TcpClient(this);
                client->setFileName(name);
                client->setHostAddress(QHostAddress(serverAddress));
                client->show();

            }

        }
        else{
            sendMessage(Refuse,serverAddress);
        }
    }
}

void Widget::on_send_clicked()//發送
{
    sendMessage(Message);
}

void Widget::on_sendfile_clicked()
{
    if(ui->tableWidget->selectedItems().isEmpty())
    {
        QMessageBox::warning(0,tr("選擇用戶"),tr("請先從用戶列表選擇要傳送的用戶！"),QMessageBox::Ok);
        return;
    }
    server->show();
    server->initServer();
}

void Widget::on_close_clicked()//關閉
{
    this->close();
}

bool Widget::eventFilter(QObject *target, QEvent *event)
{
    if(target == ui->textEdit)
    {
        if(event->type() == QEvent::KeyPress)//回車鍵
        {
             QKeyEvent *k = static_cast<QKeyEvent *>(event);
             if(k->key() == Qt::Key_Return)
             {
                 on_send_clicked();
                 return true;
             }
        }
    }
    return QWidget::eventFilter(target,event);
}

void Widget::on_fontComboBox_currentFontChanged(QFont f)//字體設置
{
    ui->textEdit->setCurrentFont(f);
    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
}

//字體大小設置
void Widget::on_fontsizecomboBox_currentIndexChanged(QString size)
{
   ui->textEdit->setFontPointSize(size.toDouble());
   ui->textEdit->setFocus();
}

void Widget::on_textbold_clicked(bool checked)
{
    if(checked)
        ui->textEdit->setFontWeight(QFont::Bold);
    else
        ui->textEdit->setFontWeight(QFont::Normal);
    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
}

void Widget::on_textitalic_clicked(bool checked)
{
    ui->textEdit->setFontItalic(checked);
    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
}

void Widget::on_textUnderline_clicked(bool checked)
{
    ui->textEdit->setFontUnderline(checked);
    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
}

void Widget::on_textcolor_clicked()
{
    color = QColorDialog::getColor(color,this);
    if(color.isValid())
    {
        ui->textEdit->setTextColor(color);
        ui->textEdit->setFocus();
    }
}

void Widget::on_save_clicked()//保存聊天記錄
{
    if(ui->textBrowser->document()->isEmpty())
        QMessageBox::warning(0,tr("警告"),tr("聊天記錄為空，無法保存！"),QMessageBox::Ok);
    else
    {
       //獲得文件名,注意getSaveFileName函數的格式即可
       QString fileName = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(this,tr("保存聊天記錄"),tr("聊天記錄"),tr("文本(*.txt);;All File(*.*)"));
       if(!fileName.isEmpty())
           saveFile(fileName);
    }
}

bool Widget::saveFile(const QString &fileName)//保存文件
{
    QFile file(fileName);
    if(!file.open(QFile::WriteOnly | QFile::Text))

    {
        QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("保存文件"),
        tr("無法保存文件 %1:\n %2").arg(fileName)
        .arg(file.errorString()));
        return false;
    }
    QTextStream out(&file);
    out << ui->textBrowser->toPlainText();

    return true;
}

void Widget::on_clear_clicked()//清空聊天記錄
{
    ui->textBrowser->clear();
}


void Widget::on_tableWidget_doubleClicked(QModelIndex index)
{
    if(ui->tableWidget->item(index.row(),0)->text() == getUserName() &&
        ui->tableWidget->item(index.row(),2)->text() == getIP())
    {
        QMessageBox::warning(0,tr("警告"),tr("你不可以跟自己聊天！！！"),QMessageBox::Ok);
    }
    else
    {
    //    else
        if(!privatechat){
      //  chat *privatechatTemp;
        privatechat = new chat(ui->tableWidget->item(index.row(),1)->text(), //接收主機名
                               ui->tableWidget->item(index.row(),2)->text()) ;//接收用戶IP
        }
//        if( privatechat->is_opened )delete privatechat;//如果其曾經顯示過則刪除掉
        QByteArray data;
        QDataStream out(&data,QIODevice::WriteOnly);
        QString localHostName = QHostInfo::localHostName();
        QString address = getIP();
        out << Xchat << getUserName() << localHostName << address;
        udpSocket->writeDatagram(data,data.length(),QHostAddress::QHostAddress(ui->tableWidget->item(index.row(),2)->text()), port);

//        privatechat->xchat->writeDatagram(data,data.length(),QHostAddress::QHostAddress(ui->tableWidget->item(index.row(),2)->text()), 45456);
      //  if(!privatechat->is_opened)
            privatechat->show();
        privatechat->is_opened = true;
    //    (privatechat->a) = 0;
    }

}

void Widget::showxchat(QString name, QString ip)
{
//    if(!privatechat){
 // chat *privatechatTemp;
    if(!privatechat1)
    privatechat1 = new chat(name,ip);
//    privatechat = privatechatTemp;}
//    chat privatechat(name,ip);//如果不用new函數，則程序運行時只是閃爍顯示一下就沒了，因為類的生命周期結束了
//    privatechat->is_opened = false;
 // privatechat->show();
  //privatechat.textBrowser.show();
  //privatechat->is_opened = true;
    bb++;
    //delete privatechat;

}

 

tcpclient.h:

#ifndef TCPCLIENT_H
#define TCPCLIENT_H

#include <QDialog>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QHostAddress>
#include <QFile>
#include <QTime>
namespace Ui {
    class TcpClient;
}

class TcpClient : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit TcpClient(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~TcpClient();
    void setHostAddress(QHostAddress address);
    void setFileName(QString fileName){localFile = new QFile(fileName);}

protected:
    void changeEvent(QEvent *e);

private:
    Ui::TcpClient *ui;
    QTcpSocket *tcpClient;
    quint16 blockSize;
    QHostAddress hostAddress;
    qint16 tcpPort;

    qint64 TotalBytes;
    qint64 bytesReceived;
    qint64 bytesToReceive;
    qint64 fileNameSize;
    QString fileName;
    QFile *localFile;
    QByteArray inBlock;

    QTime time;

private slots:
    void on_tcpClientCancleBtn_clicked();
    void on_tcpClientCloseBtn_clicked();
    void newConnect();
    void readMessage();
    void displayError(QAbstractSocket::SocketError);
};

#endif // TCPCLIENT_H

 

tcpclient.cpp:

　

#include "tcpserver.h"
#include "ui_tcpserver.h"
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QMessageBox>

TcpServer::TcpServer(QWidget *parent):QDialog(parent),
 ui(new Ui::TcpServer)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    this->setFixedSize(350,180);

    tcpPort = 6666;
    tcpServer = new QTcpServer(this);  
    connect(tcpServer,SIGNAL(newConnection()),this,SLOT(sendMessage()));

    initServer();

}

TcpServer::~TcpServer()
{
    delete ui;
}

void TcpServer::changeEvent(QEvent *e)
{
    QDialog::changeEvent(e);
    switch (e->type()) {
    case QEvent::LanguageChange:
        ui->retranslateUi(this);
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
}

void TcpServer::sendMessage()  //開始發送數據
{
    ui->serverSendBtn->setEnabled(false);
    clientConnection = tcpServer->nextPendingConnection();
    connect(clientConnection,SIGNAL(bytesWritten(qint64)),SLOT(updateClientProgress(qint64)));

    ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("開始傳送文件 %1 ！").arg(theFileName));

    localFile = new QFile(fileName);
    if(!localFile->open((QFile::ReadOnly))){//以只讀方式打開
        QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("應用程序"),tr("無法讀取文件 %1:\n%2").arg(fileName).arg(localFile->errorString()));
        return;
    }
    TotalBytes = localFile->size();
    QDataStream sendOut(&outBlock,QIODevice::WriteOnly);
    sendOut.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_4_6);
    time.start();  //開始計時
    QString currentFile = fileName.right(fileName.size() - fileName.lastIndexOf('/')-1);
    sendOut<<qint64(0)<<qint64(0)<<currentFile;
    TotalBytes += outBlock.size();
    sendOut.device()->seek(0);
    sendOut<<TotalBytes<<qint64((outBlock.size()-sizeof(qint64)*2));
    bytesToWrite = TotalBytes - clientConnection->write(outBlock);
    qDebug()<<currentFile<<TotalBytes;
    outBlock.resize(0);

}

void TcpServer::updateClientProgress(qint64 numBytes)//更新進度條
{
    bytesWritten += (int)numBytes;
    if(bytesToWrite > 0){
        outBlock = localFile->read(qMin(bytesToWrite,loadSize));
        bytesToWrite -= (int)clientConnection->write(outBlock);
        outBlock.resize(0);
    }
    else{
        localFile->close();
    }
    ui->progressBar->setMaximum(TotalBytes);
    ui->progressBar->setValue(bytesWritten);

   float useTime = time.elapsed();
   double speed = bytesWritten / useTime;
   ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("已發送 %1MB (%2MB/s) \n共%3MB 已用時:%4秒\n估計剩余時間：%5秒")
                                  .arg(bytesWritten / (1024*1024))//已發送
                                  .arg(speed*1000/(1024*1024),0,'f',2)//速度
                                  .arg(TotalBytes / (1024 * 1024))//總大小
                                  .arg(useTime/1000,0,'f',0)//用時
                                  .arg(TotalBytes/speed/1000 - useTime/1000,0,'f',0));//剩余時間

   //num.sprintf("%.1f KB/s", (bytesWritten*1000) / (1024.0*time.elapsed()));
    if(bytesWritten == TotalBytes)
        ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("傳送文件 %1 成功").arg(theFileName));

}

void TcpServer::on_serverOpenBtn_clicked()  //打開
{
    fileName = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this);
    if(!fileName.isEmpty())
    {
        theFileName = fileName.right(fileName.size() - fileName.lastIndexOf('/')-1);
        ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("要傳送的文件為：%1 ").arg(theFileName));
        ui->serverSendBtn->setEnabled(true);
        ui->serverOpenBtn->setEnabled(false);
    }
}

void TcpServer::refused()   //被對方拒絕
{
    tcpServer->close();
    ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("對方拒絕接收！！！"));
}

void TcpServer::on_serverSendBtn_clicked()  //發送
{
    if(!tcpServer->listen(QHostAddress::Any,tcpPort))//開始監聽
    {
        qDebug() << tcpServer->errorString();
        close();
        return;
    }

    ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("等待對方接收... ..."));
    emit sendFileName(theFileName);
}

void TcpServer::on_serverCloseBtn_clicked()//退出
{   
    if(tcpServer->isListening())
    {
        tcpServer->close();
        clientConnection->abort();
    }
    this->close();
}

void TcpServer::initServer()//初始化
{
    loadSize = 4*1024;
    TotalBytes = 0;
    bytesWritten = 0;
    bytesToWrite = 0;

    ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("請選擇要傳送的文件"));
    ui->progressBar->reset();
    ui->serverOpenBtn->setEnabled(true);
    ui->serverSendBtn->setEnabled(false);

    tcpServer->close();

}

 

tcpserver.h:

#ifndef TCPSERVER_H
#define TCPSERVER_H

#include <QDialog>
#include <QTcpServer>
#include <QFile>
#include <QTime>

namespace Ui {
    class TcpServer;
}

class TcpServer : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit TcpServer(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~TcpServer();
    void refused();

    void initServer();


protected:
    void changeEvent(QEvent *e);

private:
    Ui::TcpServer *ui;
    qint16 tcpPort;
    QTcpServer *tcpServer;
    QString fileName;
    QString theFileName;
    QFile *localFile;

    qint64 TotalBytes;
    qint64 bytesWritten;
    qint64 bytesToWrite;
    qint64 loadSize;
    QByteArray outBlock;//緩存一次發送的數據

    QTcpSocket *clientConnection;

    QTime time;//計時器

private slots:
    void on_serverSendBtn_clicked();
    void on_serverCloseBtn_clicked();
    void on_serverOpenBtn_clicked();
    void sendMessage();

   void updateClientProgress(qint64 numBytes);
signals:
    void sendFileName(QString fileName);

};

#endif // TCPSERVER_H

 

tcpserver.cpp:

　

#include "tcpserver.h"
#include "ui_tcpserver.h"
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QMessageBox>

TcpServer::TcpServer(QWidget *parent):QDialog(parent),
 ui(new Ui::TcpServer)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    this->setFixedSize(350,180);

    tcpPort = 6666;
    tcpServer = new QTcpServer(this);  
    connect(tcpServer,SIGNAL(newConnection()),this,SLOT(sendMessage()));

    initServer();

}

TcpServer::~TcpServer()
{
    delete ui;
}

void TcpServer::changeEvent(QEvent *e)
{
    QDialog::changeEvent(e);
    switch (e->type()) {
    case QEvent::LanguageChange:
        ui->retranslateUi(this);
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
}

void TcpServer::sendMessage()  //開始發送數據
{
    ui->serverSendBtn->setEnabled(false);
    clientConnection = tcpServer->nextPendingConnection();
    connect(clientConnection,SIGNAL(bytesWritten(qint64)),SLOT(updateClientProgress(qint64)));

    ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("開始傳送文件 %1 ！").arg(theFileName));

    localFile = new QFile(fileName);
    if(!localFile->open((QFile::ReadOnly))){//以只讀方式打開
        QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("應用程序"),tr("無法讀取文件 %1:\n%2").arg(fileName).arg(localFile->errorString()));
        return;
    }
    TotalBytes = localFile->size();
    QDataStream sendOut(&outBlock,QIODevice::WriteOnly);
    sendOut.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_4_6);
    time.start();  //開始計時
    QString currentFile = fileName.right(fileName.size() - fileName.lastIndexOf('/')-1);
    sendOut<<qint64(0)<<qint64(0)<<currentFile;
    TotalBytes += outBlock.size();
    sendOut.device()->seek(0);
    sendOut<<TotalBytes<<qint64((outBlock.size()-sizeof(qint64)*2));
    bytesToWrite = TotalBytes - clientConnection->write(outBlock);
    qDebug()<<currentFile<<TotalBytes;
    outBlock.resize(0);

}

void TcpServer::updateClientProgress(qint64 numBytes)//更新進度條
{
    bytesWritten += (int)numBytes;
    if(bytesToWrite > 0){
        outBlock = localFile->read(qMin(bytesToWrite,loadSize));
        bytesToWrite -= (int)clientConnection->write(outBlock);
        outBlock.resize(0);
    }
    else{
        localFile->close();
    }
    ui->progressBar->setMaximum(TotalBytes);
    ui->progressBar->setValue(bytesWritten);

   float useTime = time.elapsed();
   double speed = bytesWritten / useTime;
   ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("已發送 %1MB (%2MB/s) \n共%3MB 已用時:%4秒\n估計剩余時間：%5秒")
                                  .arg(bytesWritten / (1024*1024))//已發送
                                  .arg(speed*1000/(1024*1024),0,'f',2)//速度
                                  .arg(TotalBytes / (1024 * 1024))//總大小
                                  .arg(useTime/1000,0,'f',0)//用時
                                  .arg(TotalBytes/speed/1000 - useTime/1000,0,'f',0));//剩余時間

   //num.sprintf("%.1f KB/s", (bytesWritten*1000) / (1024.0*time.elapsed()));
    if(bytesWritten == TotalBytes)
        ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("傳送文件 %1 成功").arg(theFileName));

}

void TcpServer::on_serverOpenBtn_clicked()  //打開
{
    fileName = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this);
    if(!fileName.isEmpty())
    {
        theFileName = fileName.right(fileName.size() - fileName.lastIndexOf('/')-1);
        ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("要傳送的文件為：%1 ").arg(theFileName));
        ui->serverSendBtn->setEnabled(true);
        ui->serverOpenBtn->setEnabled(false);
    }
}

void TcpServer::refused()   //被對方拒絕
{
    tcpServer->close();
    ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("對方拒絕接收！！！"));
}

void TcpServer::on_serverSendBtn_clicked()  //發送
{
    if(!tcpServer->listen(QHostAddress::Any,tcpPort))//開始監聽
    {
        qDebug() << tcpServer->errorString();
        close();
        return;
    }

    ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("等待對方接收... ..."));
    emit sendFileName(theFileName);
}

void TcpServer::on_serverCloseBtn_clicked()//退出
{   
    if(tcpServer->isListening())
    {
        tcpServer->close();
        clientConnection->abort();
    }
    this->close();
}

void TcpServer::initServer()//初始化
{
    loadSize = 4*1024;
    TotalBytes = 0;
    bytesWritten = 0;
    bytesToWrite = 0;

    ui->serverStatusLabel->setText(tr("請選擇要傳送的文件"));
    ui->progressBar->reset();
    ui->serverOpenBtn->setEnabled(true);
    ui->serverSendBtn->setEnabled(false);

    tcpServer->close();

}

 

chat.h:

#ifndef CHAT_H
#define CHAT_H

#include <QDialog>
#include <QtNetwork>
#include <QtGui>
#include "tcpclient.h"
#include "tcpserver.h"

namespace Ui {
    class chat;
}

enum MessageType
{
    Message,
    NewParticipant,
    ParticipantLeft,
    FileName,
    Refuse,
    Xchat
};

class chat : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT


public:
    ~chat();
//    chat();
    chat(QString pasvusername, QString pasvuserip);
    QString xpasvuserip;
    QString xpasvusername;
    QUdpSocket *xchat;
    qint32 xport;
    void sendMessage(MessageType type,QString serverAddress="");
    quint16 a;
//    static  qint32 is_opened = 0;
    bool is_opened;

public slots:


protected:
    void hasPendingFile(QString userName,QString serverAddress,  //接收文件
                                QString clientAddress,QString fileName);
    void participantLeft(QString userName,QString localHostName,QString time);
    bool eventFilter(QObject *target, QEvent *event); //事件過濾器

private:
    Ui::chat *ui;
    TcpServer *server;
    QColor color;//顏色
    bool saveFile(const QString& fileName);//保存聊天記錄
    QString getMessage();
    QString getIP();
    QString getUserName();
    QString message;
    QString fileName;

private slots:
    void sentFileName(QString);
    void on_sendfile_clicked();
    void processPendingDatagrams();
    void on_send_clicked();
    void on_close_clicked();
    void on_clear_clicked();
    void on_save_clicked();
    void on_textcolor_clicked();
    void on_textUnderline_clicked(bool checked);
    void on_textitalic_clicked(bool checked);
    void on_textbold_clicked(bool checked);
    void on_fontComboBox_currentFontChanged(QFont f);
    void on_fontsizecomboBox_currentIndexChanged(QString );
    void currentFormatChanged(const QTextCharFormat &format);

};

#endif // CHAT_H

 

chat.cpp:

#include "chat.h"
#include "ui_chat.h"

//chat::chat():ui(new Ui::chat)
//{
//    is_opened = false;
//}


chat::chat(QString pasvusername, QString pasvuserip) : ui(new Ui::chat)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    ui->textEdit->setFocusPolicy(Qt::StrongFocus);
    ui->textBrowser->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);

    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
    ui->textEdit->installEventFilter(this);

    a = 0;
    is_opened = false;
//    this->is_opened = false;
    xpasvusername = pasvusername;
    xpasvuserip = pasvuserip;

    ui->label->setText(tr("與%1聊天中   對方IP:%2").arg(xpasvusername).arg(pasvuserip));

    //UDP部分
    xchat = new QUdpSocket(this);
    xport = 45456;
 //   xchat->bind(xport, QUdpSocket::ShareAddress | QUdpSocket::ReuseAddressHint);
    xchat->bind( QHostAddress::QHostAddress(getIP()), xport );
    connect(xchat, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(processPendingDatagrams()));

    //TCP部分
    server = new TcpServer(this);
    connect(server,SIGNAL(sendFileName(QString)),this,SLOT(sentFileName(QString)));

    connect(ui->textEdit,SIGNAL(currentCharFormatChanged(QTextCharFormat)),this,SLOT(currentFormatChanged(const QTextCharFormat)));
}

chat::~chat()
{
    is_opened = false;
    delete ui;
}

bool chat::eventFilter(QObject *target, QEvent *event)
{
    if(target == ui->textEdit)
    {
        if(event->type() == QEvent::KeyPress)//按下鍵盤某鍵
        {
             QKeyEvent *k = static_cast<QKeyEvent *>(event);
             if(k->key() == Qt::Key_Return)//回車鍵
             {
                 on_send_clicked();
                 return true;
             }
        }
    }
    return QWidget::eventFilter(target,event);
}

//處理用戶離開
void chat::participantLeft(QString userName,QString localHostName,QString time)
{
    ui->textBrowser->setTextColor(Qt::gray);
    ui->textBrowser->setCurrentFont(QFont("Times New Roman",10));
    ui->textBrowser->append(tr("%1 於 %2 離開！").arg(userName).arg(time));
}

QString chat::getUserName()  //獲取用戶名
{
    QStringList envVariables;
    envVariables << "USERNAME.*" << "USER.*" << "USERDOMAIN.*"
                 << "HOSTNAME.*" << "DOMAINNAME.*";
    QStringList environment = QProcess::systemEnvironment();
    foreach (QString string, envVariables)
    {
        int index = environment.indexOf(QRegExp(string));
        if (index != -1)
        {

            QStringList stringList = environment.at(index).split('=');
            if (stringList.size() == 2)
            {
                return stringList.at(1);
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

QString chat::getIP()  //獲取ip地址
{
    QList<QHostAddress> list = QNetworkInterface::allAddresses();
    foreach (QHostAddress address, list)
    {
       if(address.protocol() == QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol) //我們使用IPv4地址
            return address.toString();
    }
       return 0;
}

void chat::hasPendingFile(QString userName,QString serverAddress,  //接收文件
                            QString clientAddress,QString fileName)
{
    QString ipAddress = getIP();
    if(ipAddress == clientAddress)
    {
        int btn = QMessageBox::information(this,tr("接受文件"),
                                 tr("來自%1(%2)的文件：%3,是否接收？")
                                 .arg(userName).arg(serverAddress).arg(fileName),
                                 QMessageBox::Yes,QMessageBox::No);
        if(btn == QMessageBox::Yes)
        {
            QString name = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(0,tr("保存文件"),fileName);
            if(!name.isEmpty())
            {
                TcpClient *client = new TcpClient(this);
                client->setFileName(name);
                client->setHostAddress(QHostAddress(serverAddress));
                client->show();

            }

        }
        else{
            sendMessage(Refuse,serverAddress);
        }
    }
}

void chat::processPendingDatagrams()   //接收數據UDP
{
    while(xchat->hasPendingDatagrams())
    {
        QByteArray datagram;
        datagram.resize(xchat->pendingDatagramSize());
        xchat->readDatagram(datagram.data(),datagram.size());
        QDataStream in(&datagram,QIODevice::ReadOnly);
        int messageType;
        in >> messageType;
        QString userName,localHostName,ipAddress,messagestr;
        QString time = QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
        switch(messageType)
        {
            case Xchat:
            {
//                ui.show();
                break;
            }
            case Message:
                {
                    //這2條語句都沒有用。why？？、
                    /*this->hide();
                    this->close();*/
                    in >>userName >>localHostName >>ipAddress >>messagestr;
                    ui->textBrowser->setTextColor(Qt::blue);
                    ui->textBrowser->setCurrentFont(QFont("Times New Roman",12));
                    ui->textBrowser->append("[ " +localHostName+" ] "+ time);//與主機名聊天中
                    ui->textBrowser->append(messagestr);
            //        ui->textBrowser->show();
                    //this->textBrowser->setTextColor(Qt::blue);
                    //this->textBrowser->setCurrentFont(QFont("Times New Roman",12));
                    //this->textBrowser->append("[ " +localHostName+" ] "+ time);//與主機名聊天中
                    //this->textBrowser->append(messagestr);
            
            //        a ++;
            //        if( is_opened == false )//加了這句，接收端B不顯示端口了
                    {
                        this->show();////解決bug1.收到私聊消息后才顯示
                //        ui->textBrowser->show();
                    //    this->show();
                //        ui->textBrowser->show();
                    //    ui.show();
                    //    if( this->show() )
                //        this->hide();
                //        0 == a;
                        is_opened = true;
                    }
                    break;
                }
        case FileName:
            {
                in >>userName >>localHostName >> ipAddress;
                QString clientAddress,fileName;
                in >> clientAddress >> fileName;
                hasPendingFile(userName,ipAddress,clientAddress,fileName);
                break;
            }
        case Refuse:
            {
                in >> userName >> localHostName;
                QString serverAddress;
                in >> serverAddress;
                QString ipAddress = getIP();

                if(ipAddress == serverAddress)
                {
                    server->refused();
                }
                break;
            }
        case ParticipantLeft:
            {
                in >>userName >>localHostName;
                participantLeft(userName,localHostName,time);
                QMessageBox::information(0,tr("本次對話關閉"),tr("對方結束了對話"),QMessageBox::Ok);
                a = 1;
                ui->textBrowser->clear();
                //is_opened = true;
            //    this->is_opened = false;
                ui->~chat();
                close();
            //    delete ui;
            //    ui = 0;
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}

void chat::sentFileName(QString fileName)
{
    this->fileName = fileName;
    sendMessage(FileName);
}

QString chat::getMessage()  //獲得要發送的信息
{
    QString msg = ui->textEdit->toHtml();
    qDebug()<<msg;
    ui->textEdit->clear();
    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
    return msg;
}

//通過私聊套接字發送到對方的私聊專用端口上
void chat::sendMessage(MessageType type , QString serverAddress)  //發送信息
{
    QByteArray data;
    QDataStream out(&data,QIODevice::WriteOnly);
    QString localHostName = QHostInfo::localHostName();
    QString address = getIP();
    out << type << getUserName() << localHostName;


    switch(type)
    {
    case ParticipantLeft:
        {
            break;
        }
    case Message :
        {
            if(ui->textEdit->toPlainText() == "")
            {
                QMessageBox::warning(0,tr("警告"),tr("發送內容不能為空"),QMessageBox::Ok);
                return;
            }
            message = getMessage();
            out << address << message;
            ui->textBrowser->verticalScrollBar()->setValue(ui->textBrowser->verticalScrollBar()->maximum());
            break;
        }
    case FileName:
            {
                QString clientAddress = xpasvuserip;
                out << address << clientAddress << fileName;
                break;
            }
    case Refuse:
            {
                out << serverAddress;
                break;
            }
    }
    xchat->writeDatagram(data,data.length(),QHostAddress::QHostAddress(xpasvuserip), 45456);

}

void chat::currentFormatChanged(const QTextCharFormat &format)
{//當編輯器的字體格式改變時，我們讓部件狀態也隨之改變
    ui->fontComboBox->setCurrentFont(format.font());

    if(format.fontPointSize()<9)  //如果字體大小出錯，因為我們最小的字體為9
    {
        ui->fontsizecomboBox->setCurrentIndex(3); //即顯示12
    }
    else
    {
        ui->fontsizecomboBox->setCurrentIndex(ui->fontsizecomboBox->findText(QString::number(format.fontPointSize())));

    }

    ui->textbold->setChecked(format.font().bold());
    ui->textitalic->setChecked(format.font().italic());
    ui->textUnderline->setChecked(format.font().underline());
    color = format.foreground().color();
}

void chat::on_fontComboBox_currentFontChanged(QFont f)//字體設置
{
    ui->textEdit->setCurrentFont(f);
    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
}

void chat::on_fontsizecomboBox_currentIndexChanged(QString size)
{
   ui->textEdit->setFontPointSize(size.toDouble());
   ui->textEdit->setFocus();
}

void chat::on_textbold_clicked(bool checked)
{
    if(checked)
        ui->textEdit->setFontWeight(QFont::Bold);
    else
        ui->textEdit->setFontWeight(QFont::Normal);
    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
}

void chat::on_textitalic_clicked(bool checked)
{
    ui->textEdit->setFontItalic(checked);
    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
}

void chat::on_save_clicked()//保存聊天記錄
{
    if(ui->textBrowser->document()->isEmpty())
        QMessageBox::warning(0,tr("警告"),tr("聊天記錄為空，無法保存！"),QMessageBox::Ok);
    else
    {
       //獲得文件名
       QString fileName = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(this,tr("保存聊天記錄"),tr("聊天記錄"),tr("文本(*.txt);;All File(*.*)"));
       if(!fileName.isEmpty())
           saveFile(fileName);
    }
}

void chat::on_clear_clicked()//清空聊天記錄
{
    ui->textBrowser->clear();
}

bool chat::saveFile(const QString &fileName)//保存文件
{
    QFile file(fileName);
    if(!file.open(QFile::WriteOnly | QFile::Text))

    {
        QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("保存文件"),
        tr("無法保存文件 %1:\n %2").arg(fileName)
        .arg(file.errorString()));
        return false;
    }
    QTextStream out(&file);
    out << ui->textBrowser->toPlainText();

    return true;
}

void chat::on_textUnderline_clicked(bool checked)
{
    ui->textEdit->setFontUnderline(checked);
    ui->textEdit->setFocus();
}

void chat::on_textcolor_clicked()
{
    color = QColorDialog::getColor(color,this);
    if(color.isValid())
    {
        ui->textEdit->setTextColor(color);
        ui->textEdit->setFocus();
    }
}



void chat::on_close_clicked()
{
    sendMessage(ParticipantLeft);
    a = 1;
    ui->textBrowser->clear();
    //is_opened = true;
//    this->is_opened = false;
    close();
    ui->~chat();

    //this->close();
    /*delete ui;
    ui = 0;*/
    
}

void chat::on_send_clicked()
{
    sendMessage(Message);
    QString localHostName = QHostInfo::localHostName();
    QString time = QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
    ui->textBrowser->setTextColor(Qt::blue);
    ui->textBrowser->setCurrentFont(QFont("Times New Roman",12));
    ui->textBrowser->append("[ " +localHostName+" ] "+ time);
    ui->textBrowser->append(message);
//    is_opened = true;
}

void chat::on_sendfile_clicked()
{
    server->show();
    server->initServer();
}

 

main:

#include <QtGui/QApplication>
#include "widget.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Widget w;
    QTextCodec::setCodecForTr(QTextCodec::codecForLocale());
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

 

 

 　　參考資料：

      http://www.yafeilinux.com/

  

 

 　　附錄：

　　 實驗工程code下載。