與眾不同 windows phone (9) - Push Notification（推送通知）之概述, 推送 Toast 通知

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與眾不同 windows phone (9) - Push Notification（推送通知）之概述, 推送 Toast 通知

作者：webabcd


介紹
與眾不同 windows phone 7.5 (sdk 7.1) 之推送通知

• 概述
• 推送 Toast 通知

示例
1、概述
Summary.xaml

<phone:PhoneApplicationPage 
    x:Class="Demo.PushNotification.Summary"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"
    FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"
    Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"
    SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"
    mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="768" d:DesignWidth="480"
    shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">

    <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
        <TextBlock Text="推送通知模型" />
        <Image Source="/PushNotification/Summary.jpg" />

        <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="0 15 0 0">
            <Run>推送通知概述</Run>
            <LineBreak />
            <LineBreak />
            <Run>1、每個程序的推送通知 channel 只能有一個，每個設備最多只能有 30 個推送通知 channel</Run>
            <LineBreak />
            <Run>2、推送通知的 Http Header 最大 1 KB，內容最大 3 KB</Run>
            <LineBreak />
            <Run>3、對 web 服務做身份驗證（即 https 協議），參考：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff941099(v=vs.92)</Run>
            <LineBreak />
            <Run>4、對於已驗證的 web 服務，MPNS 可以支持在設備轉到活動狀態或非活動狀態時，回調指定的已驗證的 web 服務，參考：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff402554(v=vs.92)</Run>
        </TextBlock>
    </StackPanel>

    <!--
        推送信息中需要編碼的字符    
        < - &lt;
        > - &gt;
        & - &amp;
        ' - &apos;
        " - &quot;
    -->
</phone:PhoneApplicationPage>

2、推送 Toast 通知
客戶端
PushToast.xaml

<phone:PhoneApplicationPage 
    x:Class="Demo.PushNotification.PushToast"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"
    FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"
    Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"
    SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"
    mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="768" d:DesignWidth="480"
    shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">

    <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
        <Button Name="btnRegister" Content="Get Channel Uri" Click="btnRegister_Click" />
        <TextBox Name="txtUrl" />
        <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" TextWrapping="Wrap" />
    </StackPanel>
    
</phone:PhoneApplicationPage>

PushToast.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示推送 Toast 通知（Toast 的顯示時間大約是 10 秒）
 * 
 * HttpNotificationChannel - 推送通知 channel
 *     HttpNotificationChannel.Find(string channelName) - 查找並返回 channel，一個 app 只能有一個 channel
 *     
 *     ChannelUri - 推送通知的 channel URI
 *     ChannelName - channel 的名稱
 *     ConnectionStatus - channel 的連接狀態，ChannelConnectionStatus.Connected 或 ChannelConnectionStatus.Disconnected
 *     
 *     ChannelUriUpdated - 獲取到了 channel URI 后所觸發的事件
 *     ErrorOccurred - 發生異常時所觸發的事件
 *     ConnectionStatusChanged - 連接狀態發生改變時所觸發的事件
 *     ShellToastNotificationReceived - 程序運行中如果收到 Toast 是不會顯示的，但是會觸發此事件。
 *         什么叫運行中：程序在前台顯示，且調用了 HttpNotificationChannel.Find(channelName)（沒有則創建一個），同時 channel 是在連接的狀態
 *     HttpNotificationReceived - 接收到自定義信息通知后所觸發的事件（僅在程序運行中才能接收到此信息）
 *     
 *     Open() - 打開 channel
 *     Close() - 關閉 channel
 * 
 *     BindToShellToast() - 將此 channel 綁定到 Toast 通知
 *     BindToShellTile() - 將此 channel 綁定到 Tile 通知，只能引用本地資源
 *     BindToShellTile(Collection<Uri> baseUri) - 將此 channel 綁定到 Tile 通知，允許引用遠程資源（當使用遠程圖像時，不能是https，要小於80KB，必須30秒內下載完）
 *         baseUri - 允許引用的遠程資源的域名集合（最大 256 個字符）
 *     IsShellToastBound - 此 channel 是否綁定到了 Toast 通知
 *     IsShellTileBound - 此 channel 是否綁定到了 Tile 通知
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;

using Microsoft.Phone.Notification;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace Demo.PushNotification
{
    public partial class PushToast : PhoneApplicationPage
    {
        public PushToast()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected override void OnNavigatedTo(System.Windows.Navigation.NavigationEventArgs e)
        {
            if (NavigationContext.QueryString.Count > 0)
            {
                lblMsg.Text = "參數 param 的值為：" + this.NavigationContext.QueryString["param"];
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += "參數 param2 的值為：" + this.NavigationContext.QueryString["param2"];
            }

            base.OnNavigatedTo(e);
        }

        private void btnRegister_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 在當前應用程序中查找指定的 channel
            string channelName = "myChannel";
            HttpNotificationChannel channel = HttpNotificationChannel.Find(channelName);

            if (channel == null) // 未發現則創建一個 channel
            {
                channel = new HttpNotificationChannel(channelName);

                channel.ChannelUriUpdated += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelUriEventArgs>(channel_ChannelUriUpdated);
                channel.ErrorOccurred += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs>(channel_ErrorOccurred);
                channel.ShellToastNotificationReceived += new EventHandler<NotificationEventArgs>(channel_ShellToastNotificationReceived);

                channel.Open();
                channel.BindToShellToast();
            }
            else // 已存在則使用這個已存在的 channel
            {
                channel.ChannelUriUpdated += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelUriEventArgs>(channel_ChannelUriUpdated);
                channel.ErrorOccurred += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs>(channel_ErrorOccurred);
                channel.ShellToastNotificationReceived += new EventHandler<NotificationEventArgs>(channel_ShellToastNotificationReceived);

                if (channel.ConnectionStatus == ChannelConnectionStatus.Disconnected)
                    channel.Open();
                if (!channel.IsShellToastBound)
                    channel.BindToShellToast();

                // 獲取通知 uri
                txtUrl.Text = channel.ChannelUri.ToString();
                Debug.WriteLine(channel.ChannelUri.ToString());
            }
        }

        void channel_ChannelUriUpdated(object sender, NotificationChannelUriEventArgs e)
        {
            Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
            {
                // 獲取通知 uri
                txtUrl.Text = e.ChannelUri.ToString();
                Debug.WriteLine(e.ChannelUri.ToString());
            });
        }

        void channel_ErrorOccurred(object sender, NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs e)
        {
            Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show(e.Message));
        }

        // 運行中的程序如果收到 Toast 的話，則會執行此事件（不會顯示 Toast）
        // 什么叫運行中：程序在前台顯示，且調用了 HttpNotificationChannel.Find(channelName)（沒有則創建一個），同時 channel 是在連接的狀態
        void channel_ShellToastNotificationReceived(object sender, NotificationEventArgs e)
        {
            StringBuilder msg = new StringBuilder();

            foreach (string key in e.Collection.Keys)
            {
                msg.Append(key);
                msg.Append(" - ");
                msg.Append(e.Collection[key]);
                msg.Append(Environment.NewLine);
            }

            // 顯示 Toast 原始信息
            Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => lblMsg.Text = msg.ToString());
        }
    }
}

服務端
SendToastNotification.aspx

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="SendToastNotification.aspx.cs"
    Inherits="Web.PushNotification.SendToastNotification" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
    <div>
        通知 url:
        <asp:TextBox ID="txtUrl" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
    </div>
    <div>
        Toast 標題:
        <asp:TextBox ID="txtTitle" runat="server" Text="Toast 標題"></asp:TextBox>
    </div>
    <div>
        Toast 子標題:
        <asp:TextBox ID="txtContent" runat="server" Text="Toast 內容"></asp:TextBox>
    </div>
    <div>
        回應信息:
        <asp:TextBox ID="txtMsg" runat="server" TextMode="MultiLine" Rows="20" Columns="100"></asp:TextBox>
    </div>
    <div>
        <asp:Button ID="btnSend" runat="server" Text="發送 Toast 通知" OnClick="btnSend_Click" />
    </div>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

SendToastNotification.aspx.cs

/*
 * 演示服務端如何推送 Toast 通知
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;

namespace Web.PushNotification
{
    public partial class SendToastNotification : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        protected void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(txtUrl.Text);
                request.Method = "POST";

                // 構造用於推送 Toast 信息的 xml
                string toastMessage = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>" +
                "<wp:Notification xmlns:wp=\"WPNotification\">" +
                   "<wp:Toast>" +
                        "<wp:Text1>" + txtTitle.Text + "</wp:Text1>" + // Toast 的標題
                        "<wp:Text2>" + txtContent.Text + "</wp:Text2>" + // Toast 的內容
                        "<wp:Param>/PushNotification/PushToast.xaml?param=abc&amp;param2=xyz</wp:Param>" + // 需要導航到的地址
                   "</wp:Toast> " +
                "</wp:Notification>";

                byte[] requestMessage = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(toastMessage);

                // 推送 Toast 信息時的 Http Header 信息
                request.ContentLength = requestMessage.Length;
                request.ContentType = "text/xml";
                request.Headers.Add("X-WindowsPhone-Target", "toast");
                request.Headers.Add("X-NotificationClass", "2"); // 2 - 立即發送；12 - 450秒內發送；22 - 900秒內發送

                using (Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream())
                {
                    requestStream.Write(requestMessage, 0, requestMessage.Length);
                }

                // 處理 MPNS 的回應信息
                HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
                string notificationStatus = response.Headers["X-NotificationStatus"];
                string notificationChannelStatus = response.Headers["X-SubscriptionStatus"];
                string deviceConnectionStatus = response.Headers["X-DeviceConnectionStatus"];

                txtMsg.Text = "Http Status Code: " + response.StatusCode + Environment.NewLine 
                    + "X-NotificationStatus: " + notificationStatus + Environment.NewLine 
                    + "X-SubscriptionStatus: " + deviceConnectionStatus + Environment.NewLine
                    + "X-DeviceConnectionStatus: " + notificationChannelStatus;

                // 各個狀態的具體描述信息，詳見如下地址
                // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff941100(v=vs.92)
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                txtMsg.Text = ex.ToString();
            }
        }
    }
}

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