android點滴(24)之android 創建、刪除、判斷是否存在快捷方式

創建和刪除快捷方式主要是Launcher完成的，我們只是把快捷方式的名稱、圖標、關聯的activity信息傳遞給Launcher而已。

 

我們構造好了Intent信息后，將其以廣播的方式發送出去，Launcher會幫忙完成創建、刪除，並且會彈出一個Toast。

1.下面是系統中Launcher的Manifest文件。從中可以看到它定義了創建和刪除快捷方式的permission，因此我們必須在自己的應用中聲明權限才行。

 

com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT    創建權限

com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT  刪除權限

 

2.創建和刪除快捷方式的廣播為InstallShortcutReceiver  和 UninstallShortcutReceiver。

 

3.Launcher為我們提供了ContentProvider   LauncherProvider，我們可以通過查看它來獲取已經存在的快捷方式的信息 。

這個也是要有permission（com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS） 。

 

 Launcher的manifest文件

      < manifest

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    package="com.android.launcher">

    <original-package android:name="com.android.launcher2" />

    <permission
        android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT"
        android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
        android:protectionLevel="normal"
        android:label="@string/permlab_install_shortcut"
        android:description="@string/permdesc_install_shortcut" />
    <permission
        android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT"
        android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
        android:protectionLevel="normal"
        android:label="@string/permlab_uninstall_shortcut"
        android:description="@string/permdesc_uninstall_shortcut"/>
    <permission
        android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS"
        android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
        android:protectionLevel="normal"
        android:label="@string/permlab_read_settings"
        android:description="@string/permdesc_read_settings"/>
    <permission
        android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS"
        android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
        android:protectionLevel="normal"
        android:label="@string/permlab_write_settings"
        android:description="@string/permdesc_write_settings"/>

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BIND_APPWIDGET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />

    <application
        android:name="com.android.launcher2.LauncherApplication"
        android:label="@string/application_name"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher_home"
        android:hardwareAccelerated="@bool/config_hardwareAccelerated"
        android:largeHeap="@bool/config_largeHeap">
        <activity
            android:name="com.android.launcher2.Launcher"
            android:launchMode="singleTask"
            android:clearTaskOnLaunch="true"
            android:stateNotNeeded="true"
            android:theme="@style/Theme"
            android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustPan"
            android:screenOrientation="nosensor">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.HOME" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.MONKEY"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <activity
            android:name="com.android.launcher2.WallpaperChooser"
            style="@style/Theme.WallpaperPicker"
            android:label="@string/pick_wallpaper"
            android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher_wallpaper"
            android:finishOnCloseSystemDialogs="true"
            android:process=":wallpaper_chooser">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.SET_WALLPAPER" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
            <meta-data android:name="android.wallpaper.preview"
                android:resource="@xml/wallpaper_picker_preview" />
        </activity>

        <activity android:name="com.android.launcher2.RocketLauncher"
            android:label="@string/dream_name"
            android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Black.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DREAM" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <!-- Intent received used to install shortcuts from other applications -->
        <receiver
            android:name="com.android.launcher2.InstallShortcutReceiver"
            android:permission="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <!-- Intent received used to uninstall shortcuts from other applications -->
        <receiver
            android:name="com.android.launcher2.UninstallShortcutReceiver"
            android:permission="com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.android.launcher.action.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <!-- The settings provider contains Home's data, like the workspace favorites -->
        <provider
            android:name="com.android.launcher2.LauncherProvider"
            android:authorities="com.android.launcher2.settings"
            android:writePermission="com.android.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS"
            android:readPermission="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" />

    </application>
</manifest>

 

 

 4.Launcher的表創建如下

 

CREATE  TABLE favorites
(
    _id  INTEGER  PRIMARY  KEY,
    title  TEXT,
    intent  TEXT,
    container  INTEGER,
    screen  INTEGER,
    cellX  INTEGER,
    cellY  INTEGER,
    spanX  INTEGER,
    spanY  INTEGER,
    itemType  INTEGER,
    appWidgetId  INTEGER  NOT  NULL  DEFAULT  - 1,
    isShortcut  INTEGER,
    iconType  INTEGER,
    iconPackage  TEXT,
    iconResource  TEXT,
    icon BLOB,
    uri  TEXT,
    displayMode  INTEGER

);  

下面是一個實例程序。 

 

 源碼：

 
            1  
          package com.test.shortcuts; 
          
 
            2  
          
 
            3  
          import android.app.Activity; 
          
 
            4  
          import android.content.ContentResolver; 
          
 
            5  
          import android.content.Intent; 
          
 
            6  
          import android.database.Cursor; 
          
 
            7  
          import android.net.Uri; 
          
 
            8  
          import android.os.Build; 
          
 
            9  
          import android.os.Bundle; 
          
 
           10  
          import android.os.Parcelable; 
          
 
           11  
          import android.view.View; 
          
 
           12  
          import android.widget.Button; 
          
 
           13  
          import android.widget.Toast; 
          
 
           14  
          
 
           15  
          public  
          class ShortcutsActivity  
          extends Activity { 
          
 
           16      
          private  
          static  
          final String EXTRA_DATA = "extra_data"; 
          
 
           17     @Override 
          
 
           18      
          public  
          void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
          
 
           19          
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
          
 
           20         setContentView(R.layout.main); 
          
 
           21         Button createBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_create); 
          
 
           22         createBtn.setOnClickListener( 
          new View.OnClickListener() { 
          
 
           23              
          
 
           24             @Override 
          
 
           25              
          public  
          void onClick(View v) { 
          
 
           26                 createShortcut(); 
          
 
           27             } 
          
 
           28         }); 
          
 
           29         Button deleteBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_delete); 
          
 
           30         deleteBtn.setOnClickListener( 
          new View.OnClickListener() { 
          
 
           31              
          
 
           32             @Override 
          
 
           33              
          public  
          void onClick(View v) { 
          
 
           34                 deleteShortcut(); 
          
 
           35             } 
          
 
           36  
          
 
           37         }); 
          
 
           38     } 
          
 
           39      
          /** 
          
 
           40  
               * 刪除快捷方式
 
           41  
                
          */ 
          
 
           42      
          private  
          void deleteShortcut() { 
          
 
           43         Intent shortcutIntent =  
          new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN); 
          
 
           44         shortcutIntent.setClassName( 
          this,  
          this.getClass().getName()); 
          
 
           45          
          
 
           46         Intent intent =  
          new Intent("com.android.launcher.action.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT"); 
          
 
           47         intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_NAME, getString(R.string.app_name)); 
          
 
           48         intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_INTENT, shortcutIntent); 
          
 
           49         sendBroadcast(intent); 
          
 
           50     } 
          
 
           51      
          /** 
          
 
           52  
               * 創建快捷方式
 
           53  
                
          */ 
          
 
           54      
          private  
          void createShortcut() { 
          
 
           55          
          if(hasShortcut()){ 
          
 
           56             Toast.makeText( 
          this, "快捷方式已經存在", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
          
 
           57              
          return; 
          
 
           58         } 
          
 
           59          
          // 
          啟動可以Activity的Intent 
          
 
           60  
                  Intent shortcutIntent =  
          new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN); 
          
 
           61         shortcutIntent.setClassName( 
          this,  
          this.getClass().getName()); 
          
 
           62         shortcutIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, "SHORTCUT"); 
          
 
           63          
          
 
           64          
          // 
          創建快捷方式的Intent 
          
 
           65  
                  Intent intent =  
          new Intent("com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT"); 
          
 
           66         intent.putExtra("duplicate",  
          false); 
          
 
           67         intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_INTENT, shortcutIntent); 
          
 
           68         intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_NAME, getString(R.string.app_name)); 
          
 
           69         Parcelable iconRes = Intent.ShortcutIconResource.fromContext( 
          this, R.drawable.ic_launcher); 
          
 
           70         intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_ICON_RESOURCE, iconRes); 
          
 
           71          
          // 
          發送廣播 
          
 
           72  
                  sendBroadcast(intent); 
          
 
           73     } 
          
 
           74      
          /** 
          
 
           75  
               * 根據 title 判斷快捷方式是否存在
 
           76  
               *  
          @return 
          
 
           77  
                
          */ 
          
 
           78      
          private  
          boolean hasShortcut() { 
          
 
           79         String url; 
          
 
           80          
          if(getSystemVersion() < 8){ 
          
 
           81             url = "content://com.android.launcher.settings/favorites?notify=true"; 
          
 
           82         } 
          else{ 
          
 
           83             url = "content://com.android.launcher2.settings/favorites?notify=true"; 
          
 
           84         } 
          
 
           85          
          
 
           86         ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver(); 
          
 
           87         Cursor cursor = resolver.query(Uri.parse(url),  
          new String[]{"title","iconResource"},  
          
 
           88                 "title=?",  
          new String[]{getString(R.string.app_name)},  
          null); 
          
 
           89          
          if(cursor !=  
          null && cursor.getCount() > 0){ 
          
 
           90              
          return  
          true; 
          
 
           91         } 
          
 
           92          
          return  
          false; 
          
 
           93     } 
          
 
           94      
          /** 
          
 
           95  
               * 獲取系統的SDK版本號
 
           96  
               *  
          @return 
          
 
           97  
                
          */ 
          
 
           98      
          private  
          int getSystemVersion(){ 
          
 
           99          
          return Build.VERSION.SDK_INT; 
          
 
          100     } 
         

 }

manifest文件

 

 
           1  
          <? 
          xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" 
          ?> 
          
 
           2  
          < 
          manifest  
          xmlns:android 
          ="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
          
 
           3  
              package 
          ="com.test.shortcuts" 
          
 
           4  
              android:versionCode 
          ="1" 
          
 
           5  
              android:versionName 
          ="1.0" 
            
          > 
          
 
           6  
          
 
           7      
          < 
          uses-sdk  
          android:minSdkVersion 
          ="10" 
            
          /> 
          
 
           8      
          < 
          uses-permission  
          android:name 
          ="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" 
          /> 
          
 
           9      
          < 
          uses-permission  
          android:name 
          ="com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT" 
          /> 
          
 
          10      
          < 
          uses-permission  
          android:name 
          ="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" 
          /> 
          
 
          11  
          
 
          12      
          < 
          application
 
          13  
                   
          android:icon 
          ="@drawable/ic_launcher" 
          
 
          14  
                  android:label 
          ="@string/app_name" 
            
          > 
          
 
          15          
          < 
          activity
 
          16  
                       
          android:label 
          ="@string/app_name" 
          
 
          17  
                      android:name 
          =".ShortcutsActivity" 
            
          > 
          
 
          18              
          < 
          intent-filter  
          > 
          
 
          19                  
          < 
          action  
          android:name 
          ="android.intent.action.MAIN" 
            
          /> 
          
 
          20  
          
 
          21                  
          < 
          category  
          android:name 
          ="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" 
            
          /> 
          
 
          22              
          </ 
          intent-filter 
          > 
          
 
          23          
          </ 
          activity 
          > 
          
 
          24      
          </ 
          application 
          > 
          
 
          25  
         

26 </manifest>