【譯】Asp.Net 導出 Excel 數據的9種方案

簡介

Excel 的強大之處在於它不僅僅只能打開Excel格式的文檔，它還能打開CSV格式、Tab格式、website table 等多鍾格式的文檔。它具備自動識別行號，字符，格式化數字等功能，例如：如果你在Excel 單元格中輸入數字 "123456789012" 會自動轉化為"1.23457E+11"。

背景介紹

正因為Excel的強大和易用，大家都喜歡將數據導出為 Excel 備用。這里我會介紹一系列通過Asp.Net導出Excel數據的方法。將導出文件存儲到服務器並提供地址給客戶端下載，或重定向到文件下載頁面：當Response時，數據列以 "\t" 分隔，行以"\n"分隔。好了，現在給大家展示這是怎么做的。

使用代碼導出

方案1：導出全部HTML 數據到 Excel

這種方法是將Html中的所有文檔內容，包括按鈕，表格，圖片等所有頁面內容導出為 Excel

Response.Clear();     
Response.Buffer = true;     
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+DateTime.
Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+".xls");           
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;   
Response.ContentType = ""application/ms-excel";   
this.EnableViewState = false; 

這里我們使用了Page的"ContentType" 屬性，它默認為"text/Html"，輸出到客戶端即為Html。如果我們將它改為"ms-excel"，頁面將輸出Excel格式的內容，客戶端就可以下載並存儲它了。
頁面property 還包括：image/JPEG, text/HTML, image/GIF and vnd.ms-excel/msword.

方案2：從DataGrid導出數據到Excel

盡管上面的方法能幫你導出Excel數據，但它導出了所有的HTML內容，包括按鈕、圖片等，這並不是我們所需要的。通常，我們僅僅需要導出DataGrid中的數據。

System.Web.UI.Control ctl=this.DataGrid1;
//DataGrid1 (you created in the windowForm)
HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls");
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";     
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.Default;
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;    
System.IO.StringWriter  tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ;
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw);
ctl.RenderControl(hw);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());
HttpContext.Current.Response.End(); 

如果你有多個包含DataGrid 並需導出數據的頁面，我們可以封裝方法：

public void DGToExcel(System.Web.UI.Control ctl)   
{ 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls"); 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";     
   HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType ="application/ms-excel";
   ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;    
   System.IO.StringWriter  tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ; 
   System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw); 
   ctl.RenderControl(hw); 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString()); 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.End(); 
} 

調用方法：DGToExcel(datagrid1);

方案3:自動導出Excel數據

使用此方法，你需要 下載免費的.NET組件 ，並使用如下代碼（部分）導出數據：

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection oleDbConnection1 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection();
    oleDbConnection1.ConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=..\..\..\..\Database\demo.mdb";

    System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand oleDbCommand1 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand();
    oleDbCommand1.CommandText = "select * from parts";
    oleDbCommand1.Connection = oleDbConnection1;

    System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand oleDbCommand2 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand();
    oleDbCommand2.CommandText = "select * from country";
    oleDbCommand2.Connection = oleDbConnection1;
 
　　 Spire.DataExport.Delegates.DataParamsEventHandler(this.cellExport3_GetDataParams);

    oleDbConnection1.Open();
    try
    {
        cellExport3.SaveToFile();
    }
    finally
    {
        oleDbConnection1.Close();
    }
}

private void cellExport3_GetDataParams
(object sender, Spire.DataExport.EventArgs.DataParamsEventArgs e)
{
    if ((e.Sheet == 0) && (e.Col == 6))
    {
        e.FormatText = (sender as Spire.DataExport.XLS.WorkSheet).ExportCell.DataFormats.Currency;
    }
}

點擊這里下載完整示例代碼

執行上面的代碼，你將得到：

此方案導出的Excel文件可以直接在Excel 2010 中打開、編輯和修改。雖然一些特定的功能不可用，但它能夠被Excel 2010使用。

方案4:從DataSet導出Excel數據

依照上面都的方法，我么能很容易的導出DataSet數據到Excel，我們只需要在頁面Response 時將DataSet 表中的數據組裝為"ms-excel" 格式的數據，並通過Http發送出去。

注：ds 代表Dataset，用它來填充DataTable，文件名包含后綴，例如：excel2006.xls。

public  void CreateExcel(DataSet ds,string FileName)  
{ 
 HttpResponse resp; 
 resp = Page.Response; 
 resp.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"); 
 resp.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+FileName);    
 string colHeaders= "", ls_item="";   
 // Define table object and row object, 
 // and at the same time use DataSet initialize value. 
 DataTable dt=ds.Tables[0]; 
 DataRow[] myRow=dt.Select();//dt.Select("id>10")
 Data Filer can be used as: dt.Select("id>10")
        int i=0; 
        int cl=dt.Columns.Count; 
 //Get column titles of each DataTable and divided by "t". Press "enter" after the last column title. 
 for(i=0;i<cl;i++) colheaders+="dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()+"t";" 
    for(i="0;i<cl;i++)" if(i="=(cl-1))//(last" +="dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()" 
    ls_item+="row[i].ToString()+"t";" />

 

方案5:從DataView導出Excel數據

如果你想導出不規則的行和列到Excel，你可以使用一下方法:

public void OutputExcel(DataView dv,string str) 
{ 
   //dv presents data which will be exported to Excel, 
str is the name of title
   GC.Collect(); 
   Application excel;// = new Application(); 
   int rowIndex=4; 
   int colIndex=1; 
   _Workbook xBk; 
   _Worksheet xSt; 
   excel= new ApplicationClass();   
   xBk = excel.Workbooks.Add(true);   
   xSt = (_Worksheet)xBk.ActiveSheet; 
   // 
   // Acquire Title
   // 
   foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns) 
   { 
    colIndex++; 
    excel.Cells[4,colIndex] = col.ColumnName; 
    xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells
    [4,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment 
    = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//Set title format as middle 
   } 

   // 
   //Obtain data from table 
   // 
   foreach(DataRowView row in dv) 
   { 
    rowIndex ++; 
    colIndex = 1; 
    foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns) 
    { 
     colIndex ++; 
     if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.DateTime")) 
     { 
      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] 
    = (Convert.ToDateTime(row[col.ColumnName].ToString())).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"); 
      xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells
    [rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment 
    = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;// Set the style as middle 
     } 
     else 
      if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.String")) 
     { 
      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = "'"+row[col.ColumnName].ToString(); 
      xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells
    [rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;
     // Set the style as middle
     } 
     else 
     { 
      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = row[col.ColumnName].ToString(); 
     } 
    } 
   } 
   // 
   //load a Aggregate line
   // 
   int rowSum = rowIndex + 1; 
   int colSum = 2; 
   excel.Cells[rowSum,2] = " Aggregate ";
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).HorizontalAlignment 
    = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter; 
   // 
   //Set color for the selected content
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select(); 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells
    [rowSum,colIndex]).Interior.ColorIndex 
    = 19;//more than 50 types of color for you to choose 
   // 
   //obtain title of the whole excelsheet
   // 
   excel.Cells[2,2] = str; 
   // 
   //Set title format for the whole excelsheet
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Bold = true; 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Size = 22; 
   // 
   //Set fittest width 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select(); 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Columns.AutoFit(); 
   // 
   //Set the tile as Cross and Middle 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).Select(); 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment 
    = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenterAcrossSelection; 
   // 
   //Draw borders 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders.LineStyle = 1; 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).Borders
   [XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Weight
    = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;// Set left line as bold
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).Borders
[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Weight 
= XlBorderWeight.xlThick;// Set upper line as bold
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders
[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//Set right line as bold
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders
[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//Set bottom line as bold
   // 
   //Display effect 
   // 
   excel.Visible=true; 
   //xSt.Export(Server.MapPath(".")+"); 
   xBk.SaveCopyAs(Server.MapPath(".")+""); 
   ds = null; 
            xBk.Close(false, null,null);   
            excel.Quit(); 
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xBk); 
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excel); 
    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xSt); 
            xBk = null; 
            excel = null; 
   xSt = null; 
            GC.Collect(); 
   string path = Server.MapPath(this.xlfile.Text+".xls"); 
   System.IO.FileInfo file = new System.IO.FileInfo(path); 
   Response.Clear(); 
   Response.Charset="UTF-8"; 
   Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; 
   //Add header, give a default file name for "File Download/Store as"
   Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="
 + Server.UrlEncode(file.Name)); 
   //Add header, set file size to enable browser display download progress
   Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", file.Length.ToString());    
   //Set the return string is unavailable reading for client, and must be downloaded
   Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";  
   //Send file string to client 
   Response.WriteFile(file.FullName); 
   //Stop execute  
   Response.End(); 
} 

 

兩種 WinForms 導出Excel 數據的解決方案

方案6:

SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection
(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]); 
   SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn); 
   DataSet ds=new DataSet(); 
   da.Fill(ds,"table1"); 
   DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"]; 
   string downloadurl"].ToString()+DateTime.Today.ToString
("yyyyMMdd")+new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond).Next
(10000).ToString()+".csv";//Store the path of downloadurl 
in web.config and the format should be set as "date + 4 random number "
   FileStream fs=new FileStream(name,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write); 
   StreamWriter sw=new StreamWriter
(fs,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"));("utf-8") 
   sw.WriteLine("Auto number, name, age");
   foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows) 
   { 
    sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]); 
   } 
   sw.Close(); 
   Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; 
filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(name)); 
   Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
//Set the return string is unavailable reading for client, and must be downloaded
 
   Response.WriteFile(name); //Send file string to client
   Response.End();

public void Out2Excel(string sTableName,string url)
{
Excel.Application oExcel=new Excel.Application();
Workbooks oBooks;
Workbook oBook;
Sheets oSheets;
Worksheet oSheet;
Range oCells;
string sFile="",sTemplate="";
//
System.Data.DataTable dt=TableOut(sTableName).Tables[0];

sFile=url+"myExcel.xls";
sTemplate=url+"MyTemplate.xls";
//
oExcel.Visible=false;
oExcel.DisplayAlerts=false;
//define a new workbook
oBooks=oExcel.Workbooks;
oBooks.Open(sTemplate,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing.
Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,
Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
oBook=oBooks.get_Item(1);
oSheets=oBook.Worksheets;
oSheet=(Worksheet)oSheets.get_Item(1);
//Give the sheet a name
oSheet.Name="Sheet1";

oCells=oSheet.Cells;
//Call dumpdata process and export to Excel

DumpData(dt,oCells);
//Store
oSheet.SaveAs(sFile,Excel.XlFileFormat.xlTemplate,Type.Missing,
Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, 
Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
oBook.Close(false, Type.Missing,Type.Missing);
//Exit Excel and free invoking COM resource
oExcel.Quit();
GC.Collect();
KillProcess("Excel");
}
private void KillProcess(string processName)
{
System.Diagnostics.Process myproc= new System.Diagnostics.Process();
//get all opened progresses
try
{
foreach (Process thisproc in Process.GetProcessesByName(processName))
{
if(!thisproc.CloseMainWindow())
{
thisproc.Kill();
}
}
}
catch(Exception Exc)
{
throw new Exception("",Exc);
}
}

 

方案7:

protected void ExportExcel()
  {
   gridbind(); 
   if(ds1==null) return; 
  
   string saveFileName="";
//   bool fileSaved=false;
   SaveFileDialog saveDialog=new SaveFileDialog();
   saveDialog.DefaultExt ="xls";
   saveDialog.Filter="Excel File|*.xls";
   saveDialog.FileName ="Sheet1";
   saveDialog.ShowDialog();
   saveFileName=saveDialog.FileName;
   if(saveFileName.IndexOf(":")<0) return; // Cancelled
//excelapp.Workbooks.Open   (App.path & Progress table.xls) 

   Excel.Application xlApp=new Excel.Application();
   object missing=System.Reflection.Missing.Value; 
  
    if(xlApp==null)
   {
    MessageBox.Show("Create Excel object failed, maybe you dont install Excel ");
    return;
   }
   Excel.Workbooks workbooks=xlApp.Workbooks;
   Excel.Workbook workbook=workbooks.Add(Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
   Excel.Worksheet worksheet=(Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];// Get sheet1
   Excel.Range range;
  
   string oldCaption=Title_label .Text.Trim ();
   long totalCount=ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;
   long rowRead=0;
   float percent=0; 
  
   worksheet.Cells[1,1]=Title_label .Text.Trim ();
   //Write text
   for(int i=0;i<ds1.tables[0].columns.count;i++) 
    worksheet.cells[2,i+1]="ds1.Tables[0].Columns.ColumnName;" 

    range.interior.colorindex="15;" range.font.bold="true;" 
    .visible="true;" r="0;r<ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;r++)" 
    i="0;i<ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count;i++)" 
    worksheet.cells[r+3,i+1]="ds1.Tables[0].Rows[r];" 
    percent="((float)(100*rowRead))/totalCount;" this.caption.visible="false;" 
    this.caption.text=" Exporting Data [" range="(Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells
    [2,i+1];" range.borders[excel.xlbordersindex.xlinsidehorizontal].colorindex=
    "Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;" 
    range.borders[excel.xlbordersindex.xlinsidehorizontal].linestyle=
    "Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;" 
    range.borders[excel.xlbordersindex.xlinsidehorizontal].weight=
    "Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin;">1)
   {
    range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].ColorIndex
=Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;
    }
   workbook.Close(missing,missing,missing);
   xlApp.Quit();
}

 

方案8 (from Cipherlad):

使用DataSet 的GetXml方法，並且使用XSLT將XML轉化為標准的Excel格式，你可以使用不同樣式模版對應不容版本的Excel，甚至可以用於導出其它文檔。

 

方案9 (from Sergelp):

使用 OOXML 格式的開源庫：http://simpleooxml.codeplex.com/

這是一個非常便捷的庫，它包含多種格式、字體、顏色訂制，你也不需要安裝Excel軟件，你可以在服務端創建Excel，然后實現下載，如下代碼所示：

Dim ms As MemoryStream = ArticleDAL.GetStreamFromDataSet()
Response.Clear()
Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", String.Format("attachment;filename={0}", strFile))
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"
ms.WriteTo(Response.OutputStream)
Response.End()

 

 

 

 原文地址：http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/164582/8-Solutions-to-Export-Data-to-Excel-for-ASP-NET