在linux系統下，用root用戶采用dbstart腳本直接啟動oracle服務或監聽
第一個問題：啟動服務的同時沒有啟動監聽
[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle -c "dbstart"
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
Usage: /oradata/oracle/112/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file /oradata/oracle/112/startup.log
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener這個提示說明
啟動oracle服務的同時沒有啟動oracle監聽服務，因此如果想在啟動oracle服務的同時i啟動監聽
就需要修改dbstart，將ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER值設為$ORACLE_HOME(原來是為$1)
[root@localhost ~]# vi /oradata/oracle/112/bin/dbstart
注：dbshut一樣的道理，如果想關閉數據庫服務的同時關閉監聽服務也是將dbshut文件中的ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER值設為$ORACLE_HOME
修改后再次執行dbstart
[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle -c "dbstart"
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file /oradata/oracle/112/startup.log
查看啟動日志，發現提示權限不足
[root@localhost ~]# cat /oradata/oracle/112/startup.log
/oradata/oracle/112/bin/dbstart: Starting up database "orcl"
2012年 04月 14日 星期六 12:12:17 CST
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Apr 14 12:12:17 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> ERROR:
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
SQL> ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
SQL>
/oradata/oracle/112/bin/dbstart: Database instance "orcl" warm started.
第二個問題：不同登錄方式下權限的認證問題
直接手動登陸以sqlplus / as sysdba方式 登陸，提示權限不足
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Apr 14 12:17:48 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
Enter user-name:
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
Enter user-name:
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
SP2-0157: unable to CONNECT to ORACLE after 3 attempts, exiting SQL*Plus
但是如果先以sqlplus /nolog，在以sys用戶登陸就可以
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Apr 14 12:17:58 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn sys/xxx@orcl as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
修改sqlnet.ora文件，將SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(NTS)這句話注釋或值改為ALL
修改后再次直接以sqlplus / as sysdba方式登陸就可以了
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Apr 14 12:26:44 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> exit
Disconnected
因此直接再次執行dbstart，這次成功啟動oracle服務了
[oracle@localhost ~]$ su - oracle -c "dbstart"
口令：
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file /oradata/oracle/112/startup.log