剛接收一個項目，數據庫是Pgsql,第一次使用這種數據庫。安裝pgsql后，調試項目時發現：Error: System.Data.Odbc.OdbcException (0x80131937): ERROR [IM002] [Microsoft][ODBC 驅動程序管理器] 未發現數據源名稱並且未指定默認驅動程序。
好吧解決過程就不說了，直接說方法：這種問題大體分兩種，第一，ODBC的問題，第二，配置文件的問題。先說第一，我本機的環境是win7，不知道為什么，pgsql的odbc驅動就是裝不上，隨后，我把驅動裝到server2008服務器上，成功了。隨后配置odbc,這里切記
務必把數據源配置到系統DSN中，至於為什么，你自己慢慢想吧。然后Data Source取決於你在
<add name="PGSQL1" connectionString="DSN=MAINDB" providerName="System.Data.Odbc"/>
connectionString="DSN=MaINDB"，好吧，這些是基礎，我就不廢話了。第一結束
再說第二，配置文件的問題，1.~\PostgreSQL\9.1\data\pg_hba.conf 2. ~\PostgreSQL\9.1\data\ postgresql.conf,要修改這兩個文件。還是先說1：
TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD # IPv4 local connections: host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5 host all all 192.168.1.107/32 md5
上面的host 是本機的配置，而下面的，則是你需要遠程訪問的ip，默認是木有的，你要自己添。2. 我的pgsql裝好后，這個配置文件是正常的，也是可用的：
# - Connection Settings - listen_addresses = '*' # what IP address(es) to listen on; # comma-separated list of addresses; # defaults to 'localhost', '*' = all # (change requires restart) port = 5432 # (change requires restart) max_connections = 100 # (change requires restart)
所以我也沒改。
第二也說完了
然后再說說遠程訪問的事，遠程訪問，你總不能還用odbc吧，好吧，這里就需要插件了， http://pgfoundry.org/frs/download.php/3226/Npgsql2.0.11.93-bin-ms.net4.0.zip ，這是傳送門，或者你也可以根據你的.net版本下載（http://pgfoundry.org/frs/?group_id=1000140&release_id=958），有插件然后最好有個幫助類，好吧。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using Npgsql;
using Mono.Security;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
/// <summary>
///PgSqlHelper 的摘要說明
/// </summary>
namespace company.Helper{
public static class Conn
{
public static readonly string PgSqlConn = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["connectionString"].ConnectionString;
}
public class PgSqlHelper
{
#region 私有構造函數和方法
private PgSqlHelper() { }
/// <summary>
/// 將NpgsqlParameter參數數組(參數值)分配給NpgsqlCommand命令.
/// 這個方法將給任何一個參數分配DBNull.Value;
/// 該操作將阻止默認值的使用.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="command">命令名</param>
/// <param name="commandParameters">NpgsqlParameters數組</param>
private static void AttachParameters(NpgsqlCommand command, NpgsqlParameter[] commandParameters)
{
if (command == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("command");
if (commandParameters != null)
{
foreach (NpgsqlParameter p in commandParameters)
{
if (p != null)
{
// 檢查未分配值的輸出參數,將其分配以DBNull.Value.
if ((p.Direction == ParameterDirection.InputOutput || p.Direction == ParameterDirection.Input) &&
(p.Value == null))
{
p.Value = DBNull.Value;
}
command.Parameters.Add(p);
}
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 將DataRow類型的列值分配到NpgsqlParameter參數數組.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="commandParameters">要分配值的NpgsqlParameter參數數組</param>
/// <param name="dataRow">將要分配給存儲過程參數的DataRow</param>
private static void AssignParameterValues(NpgsqlParameter[] commandParameters, DataRow dataRow)
{
if ((commandParameters == null) || (dataRow == null))
{
return;
}
int i = 0;
// 設置參數值
foreach (NpgsqlParameter commandParameter in commandParameters)
{
// 創建參數名稱,如果不存在,只拋出一個異常.
if (commandParameter.ParameterName == null ||
commandParameter.ParameterName.Length <= 1)
throw new Exception(
string.Format("請提供參數{0}一個有效的名稱{1}.", i, commandParameter.ParameterName));
// 從dataRow的表中獲取為參數數組中數組名稱的列的索引.
// 如果存在和參數名稱相同的列,則將列值賦給當前名稱的參數.
if (dataRow.Table.Columns.IndexOf(commandParameter.ParameterName.Substring(1)) != -1)
commandParameter.Value = dataRow[commandParameter.ParameterName.Substring(1)];
i++;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 將一個對象數組分配給NpgsqlParameter參數數組.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="commandParameters">要分配值的NpgsqlParameter參數數組</param>
/// <param name="parameterValues">將要分配給存儲過程參數的對象數組</param>
private static void AssignParameterValues(NpgsqlParameter[] commandParameters, object[] parameterValues)
{
if ((commandParameters == null) || (parameterValues == null))
{
return;
}
// 確保對象數組個數與參數個數匹配,如果不匹配,拋出一個異常.
if (commandParameters.Length != parameterValues.Length)
{
throw new ArgumentException("參數值個數與參數不匹配.");
}
// 給參數賦值
for (int i = 0, j = commandParameters.Length; i < j; i++)
{
// If the current array value derives from IDbDataParameter, then assign its Value property
if (parameterValues[i] is IDbDataParameter)
{
IDbDataParameter paramInstance = (IDbDataParameter)parameterValues[i];
if (paramInstance.Value == null)
{
commandParameters[i].Value = DBNull.Value;
}
else
{
commandParameters[i].Value = paramInstance.Value;
}
}
else if (parameterValues[i] == null)
{
commandParameters[i].Value = DBNull.Value;
}
else
{
commandParameters[i].Value = parameterValues[i];
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 預處理用戶提供的命令,數據庫連接/事務/命令類型/參數
/// </summary>
/// <param name="command">要處理的NpgsqlCommand</param>
/// <param name="connection">數據庫連接</param>
/// <param name="transaction">一個有效的事務或者是null值</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型 (存儲過程,命令文本, 其它.)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名或都T-SQL命令文本</param>
/// <param name="commandParameters">和命令相關聯的NpgsqlParameter參數數組,如果沒有參數為'null'</param>
/// <param name="mustCloseConnection"><c>true</c> 如果連接是打開的,則為true,其它情況下為false.</param>
private static void PrepareCommand(NpgsqlCommand command, NpgsqlConnection connection, NpgsqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, NpgsqlParameter[] commandParameters, out bool mustCloseConnection)
{
if (command == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("command");
if (commandText == null || commandText.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("commandText");
// If the provided connection is not open, we will open it
if (connection.State != ConnectionState.Open)
{
mustCloseConnection = true;
connection.Open();
}
else
{
mustCloseConnection = false;
}
// 給命令分配一個數據庫連接.
command.Connection = connection;
// 設置命令文本(存儲過程名或SQL語句)
command.CommandText = commandText;
// 分配事務
if (transaction != null)
{
if (transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
command.Transaction = transaction;
}
// 設置命令類型.
command.CommandType = commandType;
// 分配命令參數
if (commandParameters != null)
{
AttachParameters(command, commandParameters);
}
return;
}
#endregion 私有構造函數和方法結束
#region ExecuteNonQuery命令
/// <summary>
/// 執行指定連接字符串,類型的NpgsqlCommand.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例:
/// int result = ExecuteNonQuery(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders");
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="connectionString">一個有效的數據庫連接字符串</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型 (存儲過程,命令文本, 其它.)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名稱或SQL語句</param>
/// <returns>返回命令影響的行數</returns>
public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
{
return ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, commandType, commandText, (NpgsqlParameter[])null);
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行指定連接字符串,類型的NpgsqlCommand.如果沒有提供參數,不返回結果.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例:
/// int result = ExecuteNonQuery(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new NpgsqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="connectionString">一個有效的數據庫連接字符串</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型 (存儲過程,命令文本, 其它.)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名稱或SQL語句</param>
/// <param name="commandParameters">NpgsqlParameter參數數組</param>
/// <returns>返回命令影響的行數</returns>
public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params NpgsqlParameter[] commandParameters)
{
if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
using (NpgsqlConnection connection = new NpgsqlConnection(connectionString))
{
connection.Open();
return ExecuteNonQuery(connection, commandType, commandText, commandParameters);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行指定數據庫連接對象的命令
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例:
/// int result = ExecuteNonQuery(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders");
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="connection">一個有效的數據庫連接對象</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型(存儲過程,命令文本或其它.)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名稱或T-SQL語句</param>
/// <returns>返回影響的行數</returns>
public static int ExecuteNonQuery(NpgsqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
{
return ExecuteNonQuery(connection, commandType, commandText, (NpgsqlParameter[])null);
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行指定數據庫連接對象的命令
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例:
/// int result = ExecuteNonQuery(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new NpgsqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="connection">一個有效的數據庫連接對象</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型(存儲過程,命令文本或其它.)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">T存儲過程名稱或T-SQL語句</param>
/// <param name="commandParameters">SqlParamter參數數組</param>
/// <returns>返回影響的行數</returns>
public static int ExecuteNonQuery(NpgsqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params NpgsqlParameter[] commandParameters)
{
if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
// 創建NpgsqlCommand命令,並進行預處理
NpgsqlCommand cmd = new NpgsqlCommand();
bool mustCloseConnection = false;
PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, (NpgsqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);
// Finally, execute the command
int retval = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
// 清除參數,以便再次使用.
cmd.Parameters.Clear();
if (mustCloseConnection)
connection.Close();
return retval;
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行帶事務的NpgsqlCommand.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例.:
/// int result = ExecuteNonQuery(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders");
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="transaction">一個有效的數據庫連接對象</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型(存儲過程,命令文本或其它.)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名稱或T-SQL語句</param>
/// <returns>返回影響的行數/returns>
public static int ExecuteNonQuery(NpgsqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
{
return ExecuteNonQuery(transaction, commandType, commandText, (NpgsqlParameter[])null);
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行帶事務的NpgsqlCommand(指定參數).
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例:
/// int result = ExecuteNonQuery(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new NpgsqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="transaction">一個有效的數據庫連接對象</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型(存儲過程,命令文本或其它.)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名稱或T-SQL語句</param>
/// <param name="commandParameters">SqlParamter參數數組</param>
/// <returns>返回影響的行數</returns>
public static int ExecuteNonQuery(NpgsqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params NpgsqlParameter[] commandParameters)
{
if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
// 預處理
NpgsqlCommand cmd = new NpgsqlCommand();
bool mustCloseConnection = false;
PrepareCommand(cmd, transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);
// 執行
int retval = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
// 清除參數集,以便再次使用.
cmd.Parameters.Clear();
return retval;
}
#endregion ExecuteNonQuery方法結束
#region ExecuteDataset方法
/// <summary>
/// 執行指定數據庫連接字符串的命令,返回DataSet.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例:
/// DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="connectionString">一個有效的數據庫連接字符串</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型 (存儲過程,命令文本或其它)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名稱或T-SQL語句</param>
/// <returns>返回一個包含結果集的DataSet</returns>
public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
{
return ExecuteDataset(connectionString, commandType, commandText, (NpgsqlParameter[])null);
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行指定數據庫連接字符串的命令,返回DataSet.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例:
/// DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new NpgsqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="connectionString">一個有效的數據庫連接字符串</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型 (存儲過程,命令文本或其它)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名稱或T-SQL語句</param>
/// <param name="commandParameters">SqlParamters參數數組</param>
/// <returns>返回一個包含結果集的DataSet</returns>
public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params NpgsqlParameter[] commandParameters)
{
if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
// 創建並打開數據庫連接對象,操作完成釋放對象.
using (NpgsqlConnection connection = new NpgsqlConnection(connectionString))
{
connection.Open();
// 調用指定數據庫連接字符串重載方法.
return ExecuteDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, commandParameters);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行指定數據庫連接對象的命令,返回DataSet.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例:
/// DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="connection">一個有效的數據庫連接對象</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型 (存儲過程,命令文本或其它)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名或T-SQL語句</param>
/// <returns>返回一個包含結果集的DataSet</returns>
public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(NpgsqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
{
return ExecuteDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, (NpgsqlParameter[])null);
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行指定數據庫連接對象的命令,指定存儲過程參數,返回DataSet.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例:
/// DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new NpgsqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="connection">一個有效的數據庫連接對象</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型 (存儲過程,命令文本或其它)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名或T-SQL語句</param>
/// <param name="commandParameters">SqlParamter參數數組</param>
/// <returns>返回一個包含結果集的DataSet</returns>
public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(NpgsqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params NpgsqlParameter[] commandParameters)
{
if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
// 預處理
NpgsqlCommand cmd = new NpgsqlCommand();
bool mustCloseConnection = false;
PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, (NpgsqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);
// 創建NpgsqlDataAdapter和DataSet.
using (NpgsqlDataAdapter da = new NpgsqlDataAdapter(cmd))
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
// 填充DataSet.
da.Fill(ds);
cmd.Parameters.Clear();
if (mustCloseConnection)
connection.Close();
return ds;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行指定事務的命令,返回DataSet.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例:
/// DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="transaction">事務</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型 (存儲過程,命令文本或其它)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名或T-SQL語句</param>
/// <returns>返回一個包含結果集的DataSet</returns>
public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(NpgsqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
{
return ExecuteDataset(transaction, commandType, commandText, (NpgsqlParameter[])null);
}
/// <summary>
/// 執行指定事務的命令,指定參數,返回DataSet.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 示例:
/// DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new NpgsqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="transaction">事務</param>
/// <param name="commandType">命令類型 (存儲過程,命令文本或其它)</param>
/// <param name="commandText">存儲過程名或T-SQL語句</param>
/// <param name="commandParameters">SqlParamter參數數組</param>
/// <returns>返回一個包含結果集的DataSet</returns>
public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(NpgsqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params NpgsqlParameter[] commandParameters)
{
if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
// 預處理
NpgsqlCommand cmd = new NpgsqlCommand();
bool mustCloseConnection = false;
PrepareCommand(cmd, transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);
// 創建 DataAdapter & DataSet
using (NpgsqlDataAdapter da = new NpgsqlDataAdapter(cmd))
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
da.Fill(ds);
cmd.Parameters.Clear();
return ds;
}
}
#endregion ExecuteDataset數據集命令結束
}
}
我自己改的sqlhelper，好吧，沒什么技術含量。好吧，完了，就這樣。