C#保存CookieContainer到文件

爬數據的時候免不了需要登錄。每次實驗都要輸入驗證碼是個麻煩的事情，於是就想像瀏覽器一樣把cookies存到文件中，下次重新運行的時候可以直接使用。

Google 搜“C# CookieContainer 存文件”能找到最好的代碼如下：
http://www.huxu.net.cn/2011_03/154.html

public static List<Cookie> GetAllCookies(CookieContainer cc) {
    List<Cookie> lstCookies = new List<Cookie>();
    Hashtable table = (Hashtable)cc.GetType().InvokeMember("m_domainTable",
        System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetField |
        System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance, null, cc, new object[] { });
    foreach (object pathList in table.Values) {
        SortedList lstCookieCol = (SortedList)pathList.GetType().InvokeMember("m_list",
            System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetField
            | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance, null, pathList, new object[] { });
        foreach (CookieCollection colCookies in lstCookieCol.Values)
            foreach (Cookie c in colCookies) lstCookies.Add(c);
    }
    return lstCookies;
}

//存儲
StringBuilder sbc = new StringBuilder();
List<Cookie> cooklist = Code.ProgTool.GetAllCookies(CookieContainer);
foreach (Cookie cookie in cooklist) {
    sbc.AppendFormat("{0};{1};{2};{3};{4};{5}\r\n",
        cookie.Domain, cookie.Name, cookie.Path, cookie.Port,
        cookie.Secure.ToString(), cookie.Value);
}
FileStream fs = File.Create("d:\\chinarencookies.txt");
fs.Close();
File.WriteAllText("d:\\chinarencookies.txt", sbc.ToString(), System.Text.Encoding.Default);

//讀取
string[] cookies = File.ReadAllText("d:\\chinarencookies.txt", System.Text.Encoding.Default)
    .Split("\r\n".ToCharArray(), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
foreach (string c in cookies) {
    string[] cc = c.Split(";".ToCharArray());
    Cookie ck = new Cookie(); ;
    ck.Discard = false;
    ck.Domain = cc[0];
    ck.Expired = true;
    ck.HttpOnly = true;
    ck.Name = cc[1];
    ck.Path = cc[2];
    ck.Port = cc[3];
    ck.Secure = bool.Parse(cc[4]);
    ck.Value = cc[5];
    CookieContainer.Add(ck);
}

public static List<Cookie> GetAllCookies(CookieContainer cc) {
    List<Cookie> lstCookies = new List<Cookie>();
    Hashtable table = (Hashtable)cc.GetType().InvokeMember("m_domainTable",
        System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetField |
        System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance, null, cc, new object[] { });
    foreach (object pathList in table.Values) {
        SortedList lstCookieCol = (SortedList)pathList.GetType().InvokeMember("m_list",
            System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetField
            | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance, null, pathList, new object[] { });
        foreach (CookieCollection colCookies in lstCookieCol.Values)
            foreach (Cookie c in colCookies) lstCookies.Add(c);
    }
    return lstCookies;
}

//存儲
StringBuilder sbc = new StringBuilder();
List<Cookie> cooklist = Code.ProgTool.GetAllCookies(CookieContainer);
foreach (Cookie cookie in cooklist) {
    sbc.AppendFormat("{0};{1};{2};{3};{4};{5}\r\n",
        cookie.Domain, cookie.Name, cookie.Path, cookie.Port,
        cookie.Secure.ToString(), cookie.Value);
}
FileStream fs = File.Create("d:\\chinarencookies.txt");
fs.Close();
File.WriteAllText("d:\\chinarencookies.txt", sbc.ToString(), System.Text.Encoding.Default);

//讀取
string[] cookies = File.ReadAllText("d:\\chinarencookies.txt", System.Text.Encoding.Default)
    .Split("\r\n".ToCharArray(), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
foreach (string c in cookies) {
    string[] cc = c.Split(";".ToCharArray());
    Cookie ck = new Cookie(); ;
    ck.Discard = false;
    ck.Domain = cc[0];
    ck.Expired = true;
    ck.HttpOnly = true;
    ck.Name = cc[1];
    ck.Path = cc[2];
    ck.Port = cc[3];
    ck.Secure = bool.Parse(cc[4]);
    ck.Value = cc[5];
    CookieContainer.Add(ck);
}

這種方法需要深入了解cookies的構成，作為模板用還可以接受。IE也用類似的方式存儲cookies。
但這種寫法非常容易出bug，其中的ck.Expired = true;就是一個隱患。

嘗試着又搜了一下“C# save CookieContainer to file”，果然發現了一份更優雅的代碼。
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1777203/c-writing-a-cookiecontainer-to-disk-and-loading-back-in-for-use

public static void WriteCookiesToDisk(string file, CookieContainer cookieJar)
{
    using(Stream stream = File.Create(file))
    {
        try {
            Console.Out.Write("Writing cookies to disk... ");
            BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            formatter.Serialize(stream, cookieJar);
            Console.Out.WriteLine("Done.");
        } catch(Exception e) {
            Console.Out.WriteLine("Problem writing cookies to disk: " + e.GetType());
        }
    }
}

public static CookieContainer ReadCookiesFromDisk(string file)
{
    try {
        using(Stream stream = File.Open(file, FileMode.Open))
        {
            Console.Out.Write("Reading cookies from disk... ");
            BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            Console.Out.WriteLine("Done.");
            return (CookieContainer)formatter.Deserialize(stream);
        }
    } catch(Exception e) {
        Console.Out.WriteLine("Problem reading cookies from disk: " + e.GetType());
        return new CookieContainer();
    }
}

    public static void WriteCookiesToDisk(string file, CookieContainer cookieJar)
    {
        using(Stream stream = File.Create(file))
        {
            try {
                Console.Out.Write("Writing cookies to disk... ");
                BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
                formatter.Serialize(stream, cookieJar);
                Console.Out.WriteLine("Done.");
            } catch(Exception e) {
                Console.Out.WriteLine("Problem writing cookies to disk: " + e.GetType());
            }
        }
    }   

    public static CookieContainer ReadCookiesFromDisk(string file)
    {
        try {
            using(Stream stream = File.Open(file, FileMode.Open))
            {
                Console.Out.Write("Reading cookies from disk... ");
                BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
                Console.Out.WriteLine("Done.");
                return (CookieContainer)formatter.Deserialize(stream);
            }
        } catch(Exception e) {
            Console.Out.WriteLine("Problem reading cookies from disk: " + e.GetType());
            return new CookieContainer();
        }
    }

這里用了C#自帶的序列化功能，幾行代碼就完成了這一任務。把繁瑣的事情全都交給庫自動完成。

C#已經在最近（2012年2月）的編程語言排行榜中排名第三了。被強大的庫函數吸引過來，現在也漸漸感覺到語言本身的優勢了。不能再當C語言用了……試着抽象