總結一下經典的定時處理框架quartz的使用經驗。基於 Ver. 1.8.0
1.配置方式
最常用的方式properties + xml定義
- org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = CMS_Batch
- org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId = AUTO
- org.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
- org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 5
- org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
- org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold = 60000
- org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore
- org.quartz.plugin.triggHistory.class = org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingJobHistoryPlugin
- org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.class = org.quartz.plugins.xml.XMLSchedulingDataProcessorPlugin
- org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.fileNames = quartz_data.xml
- org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.failOnFileNotFound = true
- #默認會聯網檢查是否有更新,還是skip為好
- org.quartz.scheduler.skipUpdateCheck = true
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = CMS_Batch org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId = AUTO org.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 5 org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5 org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold = 60000 org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore org.quartz.plugin.triggHistory.class = org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingJobHistoryPlugin org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.class = org.quartz.plugins.xml.XMLSchedulingDataProcessorPlugin org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.fileNames = quartz_data.xml org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.failOnFileNotFound = true #默認會聯網檢查是否有更新,還是skip為好 org.quartz.scheduler.skipUpdateCheck = true
properties定義全局信息(全局Listener也在這定義),xml定義Job、trigger信息
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <job-scheduling-data xmlns="http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/JobSchedulingData"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/JobSchedulingData http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/job_scheduling_data_1_8.xsd"
- version="1.8">
- <pre-processing-commands>
- <delete-jobs-in-group>*</delete-jobs-in-group> <!-- clear all jobs in scheduler -->
- <delete-triggers-in-group>*</delete-triggers-in-group> <!-- clear all triggers in scheduler -->
- </pre-processing-commands>
- <processing-directives>
- <overwrite-existing-data>true</overwrite-existing-data>
- <ignore-duplicates>false</ignore-duplicates>
- </processing-directives>
- <schedule>
- <job>
- <name>FooJob</name>
- <group>FooBatch</group>
- <description>定時運行Job</description>
- <job-class>xxx.yyy.FooJob</job-class>
- <volatility>false</volatility>
- <durability>true</durability>
- <recover>false</recover>
- </job>
- <trigger>
- <cron>
- <name>FooTrigger</name>
- <group>FooBatch</group>
- <job-name>FooJob</job-name>
- <job-group>FooBatch</job-group>
- <misfire-instruction>MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_FIRE_ONCE_NOW</misfire-instruction>
- <cron-expression>30/15 * 13 * * ?</cron-expression>
- <!-- 秒 分 時 日 月 星期 年 -->
- </cron>
- </trigger>
- <job>
- <name>barJob</name>
- <group>FooBatch</group>
- <description>無trigger的Job</description>
- <job-class>xxx.yyy.barJob</job-class>
- <volatility>false</volatility>
- <durability>true</durability>
- <recover>false</recover>
- </job>
- </schedule>
- </job-scheduling-data>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <job-scheduling-data xmlns="http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/JobSchedulingData" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/JobSchedulingData http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/job_scheduling_data_1_8.xsd" version="1.8"> <pre-processing-commands> <delete-jobs-in-group>*</delete-jobs-in-group> <!-- clear all jobs in scheduler --> <delete-triggers-in-group>*</delete-triggers-in-group> <!-- clear all triggers in scheduler --> </pre-processing-commands> <processing-directives> <overwrite-existing-data>true</overwrite-existing-data> <ignore-duplicates>false</ignore-duplicates> </processing-directives> <schedule> <job> <name>FooJob</name> <group>FooBatch</group> <description>定時運行Job</description> <job-class>xxx.yyy.FooJob</job-class> <volatility>false</volatility> <durability>true</durability> <recover>false</recover> </job> <trigger> <cron> <name>FooTrigger</name> <group>FooBatch</group> <job-name>FooJob</job-name> <job-group>FooBatch</job-group> <misfire-instruction>MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_FIRE_ONCE_NOW</misfire-instruction> <cron-expression>30/15 * 13 * * ?</cron-expression> <!-- 秒 分 時 日 月 星期 年 --> </cron> </trigger> <job> <name>barJob</name> <group>FooBatch</group> <description>無trigger的Job</description> <job-class>xxx.yyy.barJob</job-class> <volatility>false</volatility> <durability>true</durability> <recover>false</recover> </job> </schedule> </job-scheduling-data>
與J2ee容器結合,提供QuartzInitializerListener,可設定隨容器自動啟動,這個很方便
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.4"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
- <display-name>Foo Batch</display-name>
- <context-param>
- <param-name>quartz:config-file</param-name>
- <param-value>/quartz.properties</param-value>
- </context-param>
- <listener>
- <listener-class>
- org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerListener
- </listener-class>
- </listener>
- </web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.4" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <display-name>Foo Batch</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>quartz:config-file</param-name> <param-value>/quartz.properties</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class> org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerListener </listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
2.Job、Trigger、Listener
Job需要由Trigger啟動,可以有多個Listener
Trigger同樣可以有多個Listener
3.有待改進的地方
Trigger不完善,只提供了“定時”Trigger,其他諸如基於Job完成與否或完成狀態的Trigger需要自己靠Listener實現。
配置不完善,配置文件只提供全局Listener定義,針對Job或Trigger的Listener要程序添加,另外1.8版本在配置無Trigger的Job時有bug(XMLSchedulingDataProcessor 1015行需要nullcheck),直接導致xml解析錯誤,感覺這自帶的plugin還很簡陋。
plugin和Job同級別 ,(這個說法有點偏頗,但是產生的效果類似)這意味着在schedule啟動前是不會解析配置文件的,只能在啟動后調整Job等等內容,同時scheduler.getJobDetail取的Job是通過clone方式取得的,任何對Job的修改都無效...這個很無語 (clone的方式還是有道理的,已經設置好的Job不能隨便改動)
- scheduler.start(); //啟動后讀取配置文件等等
- JobDetail fooJob = scheduler.getJobDetail("FooJob",
- "FooBatch");
- fooJob.addJobListener(someListener);
- //取Job對應的Trigger
- Trigger[] triggers = scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(fooJob.getName(),
- fooJob.getGroup());
- scheduler.addJob(fooJob, true); //true指明替換已有Job(沒有關聯Trigger)
- //清除舊Trigger,重新建立Job和Trigger關聯
- for (Trigger trigger : triggers) {
- scheduler.rescheduleJob(trigger.getName(), trigger.getGroup(), trigger);
- }
scheduler.start(); //啟動后讀取配置文件等等 JobDetail fooJob = scheduler.getJobDetail("FooJob", "FooBatch"); fooJob.addJobListener(someListener); //取Job對應的Trigger Trigger[] triggers = scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(fooJob.getName(), fooJob.getGroup()); scheduler.addJob(fooJob, true); //true指明替換已有Job(沒有關聯Trigger) //清除舊Trigger,重新建立Job和Trigger關聯 for (Trigger trigger : triggers) { scheduler.rescheduleJob(trigger.getName(), trigger.getGroup(), trigger); }