hive安裝
剛剛安裝好hadoop迫不及待要玩下hive,所以自己找了些資料,安裝了下hive,這里記錄詳細的安裝過程和碰到的問題:
1.在安裝hadoop之前首先確定hadoop已經安裝成功,具體安裝方法請參考hadoop安裝。
2.下載hive版本 我下載的是
下載地址為http://hive.apache.org/releases.htm
解壓文件:
- tar -zxvf hive-0.7.0-bin.tar.gz
- tar -zxvf hive-0.7.0-bin.tar.gz
3.配置環境變量:
- [root@localhost hive]# vim /etc/profile
- [root@localhost hive]# vim /etc/profile
- export HADOOP_HOME=/root/hadoop-0.20.2
- export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
- export HIVE_HOME=/usr/hive/hive-0.7.0-bin
- PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
- export PATH
- export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_01
- export HADOOP_HOME=/root/hadoop-0.20.2
- export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
- export HIVE_HOME=/usr/hive/hive-0.7.0-bin
- PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
- export PATH
- export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_01
4.我存儲元數據是采用第三方的mysql數據庫,這種情況下需要下載一個數據包mysql-connector-java-5.1.18-bin.jar,放到hive的lib目錄下;
為Hive建立相應的MySQL賬戶,並賦予足夠的權限,執行命令如下:
hadoop@ubuntu:~$ mysql -u root -pmysql mysql> CREATE USER 'hive' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql'; mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'hive'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION; mysql> flush privileges;
5,0.8.1的hive版本忽略hive-default.xml,因此需要將hive/conf下的hive-default.xml.template復制並改名為hive-site.xml。並將hive-site.xml復制到hadoop/conf下
修改hive-site.xml中的如下幾項:
<configuration> <property> <name>hive.metastore.local</name> <value>true</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/metastore_db?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name> <value>hive</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name> <value>123456</value> </property>
5.運行hive
- [root@localhost conf]# hive
- Hive history file=/tmp/root/hive_job_log_root_201112061510_1145168119.txt
- hive> show tables;
- OK
- log
- log_info
- log_new
- maptile
- result
- Time taken: 2.889 seconds
- hive>
- [root@localhost conf]# hive
- Hive history file=/tmp/root/hive_job_log_root_201112061510_1145168119.txt
- hive> show tables;
- OK
- log
- log_info
- log_new
- maptile
- result
- Time taken: 2.889 seconds
- hive>
6.這里遇到點問題:剛開始執行hive時,執行show tables;報如下錯誤:
- FAILED: Hive Internal Error: java.lang.RuntimeException(Error while making MR scratch directory - check filesystem config (null))
- java.lang.RuntimeException: Error while making MR scratch directory - check filesystem config (null)
- FAILED: Hive Internal Error: java.lang.RuntimeException(Error while making MR scratch directory - check filesystem config (null))
- java.lang.RuntimeException: Error while making MR scratch directory - check filesystem config (null)
后來詢問了google,得到如下解決辦法:
原有的hadoop配置文件core-site.xml信息如下:
- <pre name="code" class="plain"><!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
- <configuration>
- <property>
- <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
- <value>/hadoop-root/tmp</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>fs.default.name</name>
- <value>hdfs://192.168.30.149:9000/</value>
- </property>
- </configuration>
- <pre name="code" class="plain"><!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
- <configuration>
- <property>
- <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
- <value>/hadoop-root/tmp</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>fs.default.name</name>
- <value>hdfs://192.168.30.149:9000/</value>
- </property>
- </configuration>
改成:
- <!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
- <configuration>
- <property>
- <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
- <value>/hadoop-root/tmp</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>fs.default.name</name>
- <value>hdfs://hadoop149:9000/</value>
- </property>
- </configuration>
- <!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
- <configuration>
- <property>
- <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
- <value>/hadoop-root/tmp</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>fs.default.name</name>
- <value>hdfs://hadoop149:9000/</value>
- </property>
- </configuration>
重啟hadoop,運行hive,問題解決。
之后創建表一直很順利,但是到查詢表例如我執行:select size from log limit 10;時,又報錯如下:
- Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/hadoop/hive/conf/HiveConf
- Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/hadoop/hive/conf/HiveConf
后來問了下百度和google都沒有結果,自己覺得是缺少了類文件,我便把hive/lib下所有的hive-*文件拷貝到hadoop的lib下
重啟hadoop,問題解決。但是歸根結底我覺得是$HADOOP_CLASSPATH變量沒有配置清楚,這個之后再解決這里做個標記。
執行select 后運行正常:
- hive> select size from log_info limit 12;
- Total MapReduce jobs = 1
- Launching Job 1 out of 1
- Number of reduce tasks is set to 0 since there's no reduce operator
- Starting Job = job_201112061127_0004, Tracking URL = http://hadoop149:50030/jobdetails.jsp?jobid=job_201112061127_0004
- Kill Command = /root/hadoop-0.20.2/bin/hadoop job -Dmapred.job.tracker=hdfs://192.168.30.149:9004 -kill job_201112061127_0004
- 2011-12-06 15:35:47,923 Stage-1 map = 0%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:35:50,952 Stage-1 map = 9%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:35:52,975 Stage-1 map = 27%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:35:53,984 Stage-1 map = 45%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:35:56,001 Stage-1 map = 64%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:35:59,023 Stage-1 map = 82%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:36:00,038 Stage-1 map = 100%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:36:03,062 Stage-1 map = 100%, reduce = 100%
- Ended Job = job_201112061127_0004
- hive> select size from log_info limit 12;
- Total MapReduce jobs = 1
- Launching Job 1 out of 1
- Number of reduce tasks is set to 0 since there's no reduce operator
- Starting Job = job_201112061127_0004, Tracking URL = http://hadoop149:50030/jobdetails.jsp?jobid=job_201112061127_0004
- Kill Command = /root/hadoop-0.20.2/bin/hadoop job -Dmapred.job.tracker=hdfs://192.168.30.149:9004 -kill job_201112061127_0004
- 2011-12-06 15:35:47,923 Stage-1 map = 0%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:35:50,952 Stage-1 map = 9%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:35:52,975 Stage-1 map = 27%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:35:53,984 Stage-1 map = 45%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:35:56,001 Stage-1 map = 64%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:35:59,023 Stage-1 map = 82%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:36:00,038 Stage-1 map = 100%, reduce = 0%
- 2011-12-06 15:36:03,062 Stage-1 map = 100%, reduce = 100%
- Ended Job = job_201112061127_0004
現在又找到的心得問題:在執行刪除表操作時,出現如下錯誤:
- NestedThrowables:
- com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes
- FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask
- NestedThrowables:
- com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes
- FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask
這個問題還沒有解決:期待牛人解決
另外兩點需要注意:
hive是做為客戶端被安裝的,調用了hadoop的腳本,有兩點需要注意:
(1)問題1:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/hadoop/hive/conf/HiveConf
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:247)
解決方法:在hadoop-env.sh中增加以下腳本
#import hive jar for LIB in `ls -1 $HIVE_HOME/lib/*.jar ./lib/*.zip 2>/dev/null` do HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$HADOOP_CLASSPATH:$LIB done
加載所有hive/lib下的jar包
(2)問題:所有配置都設置好了,Hive就是無法連接到mysql:郁悶的不得了:
解決方法如下:
將hive-site.xml、hive-env.sh.template、hive-exec-log4j.properties、hive-log4j.properties配置文件
拷貝到{Hadoop_Home}/conf下