Monitor 類的TryEnter() 方法在嘗試獲取一個對象上的顯式鎖方面和 Enter() 方法類似。然而,它不像Enter()方法那樣會阻塞執行。如果線程成功進入關鍵區域那么TryEnter()方法會返回true.
TryEnter()方法的三個重載方法中的兩個以一個timeout類型值作為參數,表示按照指定時間等待鎖。我們來看一個關於如何使用TryEnter()方法的例子,MonitorTryEnter.cs:
/************************************* /* Copyright (c) 2012 Daniel Dong * * Author:oDaniel Dong * Blog:o www.cnblogs.com/danielWise * Email:o guofoo@163.com * */ using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Threading; namespace MonitorTryEnter { public class TryEnter { public TryEnter() { } public void CriticalSection() { bool b = Monitor.TryEnter(this, 1000); Console.WriteLine("Thread " + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode() + " TryEnter Value " + b); if (b) { for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) { Thread.Sleep(1000); Console.WriteLine(i + " " + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode() + " "); } } if (b) { Monitor.Exit(this); } } public static void Main() { TryEnter a = new TryEnter(); Thread t1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(a.CriticalSection)); Thread t2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(a.CriticalSection)); t1.Start(); t2.Start(); Console.ReadLine(); } } }
一個可能的輸出結果如下:
當發生資源爭奪而你又不像讓線程睡眠一段不可預期的時間時TryEnter()方法很有用。向ISP撥號的例子很好的解釋這個。假設有兩個程序A和B,它們都想使用同一個調制解調器向ISP撥號。而一旦連接建立那么只會有一個網絡連接,我們不知道已有的應用程序將會連接多長時間。假設程序A首先向ISP撥號,然后程序B也向ISP撥號;毫無疑問程序B將會一直等待,因為我們不知道程序A將連接多久。在這種情況下,程序B可能使用TryEnter()來確定調制解調器是否已經被另外一個應用程序鎖定(本例中是程序A),而不是使用Enter()方法導致一直等待。
lock 關鍵字
lock 關鍵字可以作為Monitor類的一個替代。下面兩個代碼塊是等效的:
Monitor.Enter(this); //... Monitor.Exit(this); lock (this) { //... }
下面的例子, Locking.cs, 使用lock 關鍵字而不是Monitor方法:
/************************************* /* copyright (c) 2012 daniel dong * * author:daniel dong * blog: www.cnblogs.com/danielwise * email: guofoo@163.com * */ using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Threading; namespace Lock { class LockWord { private int result = 0; public void CriticalSection() { lock (this) { //Enter the Critical Section Console.WriteLine("Entered Thread " + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode()); for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) { Console.WriteLine("Result = " + result++ + " ThreadID " + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode()); Thread.Sleep(1000); } Console.WriteLine("Exiting Thread " + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode()); } } public static void Main(string[] args) { LockWord e = new LockWord(); Thread t1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(e.CriticalSection)); t1.Start(); Thread t2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(e.CriticalSection)); t2.Start(); //Wait till the user enters something Console.ReadLine(); } } }
Locking.cs 的輸出與MonitorEnterExit(需要提供一個參數)一樣:
下一篇將介紹ReaderWriterLock 類…


