一 batch 與 shell中
目錄及文件:
C:\TESTFOLDER\TEST
├─Test2
└─Test3
test.txt
刪除目錄及其下的所有文件:
rmdir /S /Q c:\TestFolder\test
刪除所有目錄下的文件,但是目錄結構不能被刪除:
del /F /S /Q c:\TestFolder\test\*
Linux類似的命令為:
rm /rf /home/aaa/test
二 python中
:注意如果有錯誤會有異常拋出,需要處理異常。
1)刪除文件且不支持通配符: os.remove()
2) 刪除空的目錄: os.rmdir()
3) 刪除空的目錄及子目錄: os.removedirs()
3) 刪除目錄及其子目錄中的文件:shutil.rmtree()
rmtree+異常處理:
#
code:
import shutil
def retreeExceptionHandler(fun,path,excinfo):
print( " Error: " + path)
print(excinfo[1])
shutil.rmtree( ' c:\\testfolder\\test ',ignore_errors=False,onerror=retreeExceptionHandler)
# result:
Error:c:\testfolder\test\Test3
[Error 32] The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process: ' c:\\testfolder\\test\\Test3 '
Error:c:\testfolder\test
[Error 145] The directory is not empty: ' c:\\testfolder\\test '
import shutil
def retreeExceptionHandler(fun,path,excinfo):
print( " Error: " + path)
print(excinfo[1])
shutil.rmtree( ' c:\\testfolder\\test ',ignore_errors=False,onerror=retreeExceptionHandler)
# result:
Error:c:\testfolder\test\Test3
[Error 32] The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process: ' c:\\testfolder\\test\\Test3 '
Error:c:\testfolder\test
[Error 145] The directory is not empty: ' c:\\testfolder\\test '
使用rmdir和remove等價於rmtree:
#
! /usr/bin/env python
# coding=utf-8
# # {{{ Recipe 193736 (r1): Clean up a directory tree
""" removeall.py:
Clean up a directory tree from root.
The directory need not be empty.
The starting directory is not deleted.
Written by: Anand B Pillai <abpillai@lycos.com> """
import sys, os
ERROR_STR= """ Error removing %(path)s, %(error)s """
def rmgeneric(path, __func__):
try:
__func__(path)
print ' Removed ', path
except OSError, (errno, strerror):
print ERROR_STR % { ' path ' : path, ' error ': strerror }
def removeall(path):
if not os.path.isdir(path):
return
files=os.listdir(path)
for x in files:
fullpath=os.path.join(path, x)
if os.path.isfile(fullpath):
f=os.remove
rmgeneric(fullpath, f)
elif os.path.isdir(fullpath):
removeall(fullpath)
f=os.rmdir
rmgeneric(fullpath, f)
# # End of recipe 193736 }}}
# coding=utf-8
# # {{{ Recipe 193736 (r1): Clean up a directory tree
""" removeall.py:
Clean up a directory tree from root.
The directory need not be empty.
The starting directory is not deleted.
Written by: Anand B Pillai <abpillai@lycos.com> """
import sys, os
ERROR_STR= """ Error removing %(path)s, %(error)s """
def rmgeneric(path, __func__):
try:
__func__(path)
print ' Removed ', path
except OSError, (errno, strerror):
print ERROR_STR % { ' path ' : path, ' error ': strerror }
def removeall(path):
if not os.path.isdir(path):
return
files=os.listdir(path)
for x in files:
fullpath=os.path.join(path, x)
if os.path.isfile(fullpath):
f=os.remove
rmgeneric(fullpath, f)
elif os.path.isdir(fullpath):
removeall(fullpath)
f=os.rmdir
rmgeneric(fullpath, f)
# # End of recipe 193736 }}}
三 通配符
glob是python自己帶的一個文件操作相關模塊,用它可以查找符合自己目的的文件,就類似於Windows下的文件搜索,支持通配符操作,*,?,[]這三個通配符,*代表0個或多個字符,?代表一個字符,[]匹配指定范圍內的字符,如[0-9]匹配數字。
它的主要方法就是glob,該方法返回所有匹配的文件路徑列表,該方法需要一個參數用來指定匹配的路徑字符串(本字符串可以為絕對路徑也可以為相對路徑),
其返回的文件名只包括當前目錄里的文件名,不包括子文件夾里的文件。
完!