1、测试数据
[root@centos79 test]# ls a.txt [root@centos79 test]# cat a.txt a g e u c j alike i x k like w f g liker s g e g [root@centos79 test]# echo "b.txt c.txt d.txt" | xargs -n 1 cp a.txt [root@centos79 test]# ls a.txt b.txt c.txt d.txt [root@centos79 test]# md5sum * 6659dac6dc59934b85df2f6d08c37e9f a.txt 6659dac6dc59934b85df2f6d08c37e9f b.txt 6659dac6dc59934b85df2f6d08c37e9f c.txt 6659dac6dc59934b85df2f6d08c37e9f d.txt
2、
[root@centos79 test]# ls a.txt b.txt c.txt d.txt [root@centos79 test]# echo "error" >> b.txt [root@centos79 test]# echo "ERROR" >> c.txt [root@centos79 test]# echo "failed" >> d.txt [root@centos79 test]# grep -l "error" *.txt ## 包含“error”的文件 b.txt [root@centos79 test]# grep -L "error" *.txt ## 不包含error的文件 a.txt c.txt d.txt [root@centos79 test]# grep -i -l "error" *.txt ##忽略大小写，列出包含error的文件 b.txt c.txt [root@centos79 test]# grep -i -l -E "error|failed" *.txt ## 忽略大小写，同时列出包含“error和failed”的文件 b.txt c.txt d.txt [root@centos79 test]# grep -i -L -E "error|failed" *.txt ## -L 取反 a.txt