1下载：
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools]#wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.5/Python-3.8.5.tgz
2安装依赖：
yum install libffi-devel –y
yum install gcc
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
yum -y install bzip2 bzip2-devel
yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel
yum -y install readline readline-devel
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
yum -y install openssl-static
yum -y install xz lzma xz-devel
yum -y install gdbm gdbm-devel
yum -y install libffi-devel（3.7版本需要，不然报错ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'）
@安装源解决下面三个依赖不能安装的问题
yum install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
yum -y install sqlite sqlite-devel
yum -y install tk tk-devel
yum -y install xz xz-devel
@还有2个依赖包无法安装初步估计应该是centos8不需要这两个依赖包：
yum -y install openssl-static（支持到centos7.9）
yum -y install lzma（压缩解压）
解决办法：忽略安装！
3解压安装包，配置和编译：
[root@laiyue-20210601 ~]#cd /server/tools
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools]#tar -zxf Python-3.8.5.tgz
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools]#cd Python-3.8.5
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools/Python-3.8.5]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python38 --enable-shared CFLAGS=-fPIC
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools/Python-3.8.5]#make
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools/Python-3.8.5]#make install
4创建软连接：
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools/Python-3.8.5]#ln -s /usr/local/python38/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools/Python-3.8.5]#ln -s /usr/local/python38/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
5解决报错然后登录测试：
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools/Python-3.8.5]#python
python: error while loading shared libraries: libpython3.8.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools/Python-3.8.5]#pwd
/server/tools/Python-3.8.5
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools/Python-3.8.5]#cp libpython3.8.so.1.0 /usr/local/lib64/
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools/Python-3.8.5]#cp libpython3.8.so.1.0 /usr/lib/
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools/Python-3.8.5]#cp libpython3.8.so.1.0 /usr/lib64/
[root@laiyue-20210601 /server/tools/Python-3.8.5]#python
Python 3.8.5 (default, Jun 4 2021, 13:06:27)
[GCC 8.4.1 20200928 (Red Hat 8.4.1-1)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>