20.第15章 运维自动化之系统部署

一.kickstart文件制作过程

[root@centos7 isolinux]# system-config-kickstart
-bash: system-config-kickstart: command not found
[root@centos7 isolinux]# yum -y install system-config-kickstart

[root@centos7 isolinux]# system-config-kickstart
Could not open display because no X server is running.
Try running 'system-config-kickstart --help' for a list of options.

#打开Xmanager – Passive文件
[root@centos7 isolinux]# export DISPLAY=10.0.0.1:0.0
[root@centos7 isolinux]# system-config-kickstart
/usr/share/system-config-kickstart/kickstartGui.py:104: GtkWarning: GtkSpinButton: setting an adjustment with non-zero page size is deprecated
  xml = gtk.glade.XML ("/usr/share/system-config-kickstart/system-config-kickstart.glade", domain="system-config-kickstart")
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

[root@centos7 ~]# yum -y install httpd;systemctl enable --now httpd
[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir -pv /var/www/html/centos/{6,7,8}
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos’
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos/6’
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos/7’
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos/8’

[root@centos7 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/7
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

http://10.0.0.7/centos/7/

net.ifnames=0，系统安装后网卡是eth0、eth1网卡名

网络设置

验证方法

SElinux和防火墙

显示

软件包安装，这里不能选

[root@centos7 isolinux]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@centos7 yum.repos.d]# vim base.repo 
#把[base]改成[development]  
:wq

[root@centos7 yum.repos.d]# system-config-kickstart

现在就可以选择软件包了

安装前脚本

root@centos7 ~]# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:Eg2jx10UZw1uyQcTcNaKaitaryyynwLRh1l32KZyxY4 root@centos7.9
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|      o+ .=oX=   |
|    .oo=*. B +o  |
| . +..+Bo  .=..  |
|. + o.E.. ....   |
| . . o. S.       |
|.      .o        |
| .    .. .       |
|  o .+...        |
|  .=+ooo.        |
+----[SHA256]-----+

[root@centos7 ~]# cd .ssh
[root@centos7 .ssh]# ls
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub
[root@centos7 .ssh]# ssh-copy-id 127.0.0.1
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host '127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:zb/8mo/ptS0h8eHVY1FDRuvh6aQj1opzpsD7khnYjSo.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:f1:ee:83:81:26:e8:ed:a5:39:d5:fd:41:bc:a8:23:38.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@127.0.0.1's password: 

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh '127.0.0.1'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
[root@centos7 .ssh]# ls
authorized_keys  id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts

[root@centos7 .ssh]# cat authorized_keys 
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDnsdSfIrGqy9pyJmiuRPRZYF834zr2TcSneCfcysCqiiNet19z4CS6ynbTY5RX7qD7dBOJhNUjTT7xB8xel6CTUfTL6Dw+gqpbVBNggU7sxyvePTsRVSU95uHcClO/Nq0EXV3T+0KAEZ0KVYWJHfzLihn5YML4xXwcLGAAFHt/lHUBX7IjUmwHMHk+fxD0g6+HkWhHB84HOPPSs3ZANiMdvU6SZHZM1kMt+53BXrdKFZiP/PZUIvDcRV2Ilk5uuYzJMyeuAXcFuUJZKQupMdwi6c4jyryy8NMavMJFMm0uAF3bhNzYvdXwZ5ENGEpTU8ZqtGMl6Z02cRi5RIWfUlFn root@centos7.9
[root@centos7 .ssh]# pwd
/root/.ssh
[root@centos7 .ssh]# cd
[root@centos7 ~]# ll -hd .ssh
drwx------ 2 root root 80 Dec 30 14:36 .ssh

安装后脚本

[root@centos7 ~]# cat ks7.cfg
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --plaintext 123456
# System language
lang en_US
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512
# Use text mode install
text
firstboot --disable
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled


# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Network information
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# Use network installation
url --url="http://10.0.0.7/centos/7"
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append="net.ifnames=0" --location=mbr
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part / --fstype="ext4" --size=102400
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=1024
part /data --fstype="ext4" --size=51200
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=2048

%post
mkdir -m 700 /root/.ssh
cat > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys <<EOF
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDnsdSfIrGqy9pyJmiuRPRZYF834zr2TcSneCfcysCqiiNet19z4CS6ynbTY5RX7qD7dBOJhNUjTT7xB8xel6CTUfTL6Dw+gqpbVBNggU7sxyvePTsRVSU95uHcClO/Nq0EXV3T+0KAEZ0KVYWJHfzLihn5YML4xXwcLGAAFHt/lHUBX7IjUmwHMHk+fxD0g6+HkWhHB84HOPPSs3ZANiMdvU6SZHZM1kMt+53BXrdKFZiP/PZUIvDcRV2Ilk5uuYzJMyeuAXcFuUJZKQupMdwi6c4jyryy8NMavMJFMm0uAF3bhNzYvdXwZ5ENGEpTU8ZqtGMl6Z02cRi5RIWfUlFn root@centos7.9
EOF
chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
%end

%packages
vim
wget
curl
%end

[root@centos7 ~]# ksvalidator ks7.cfg
#检查语法格式

二.在CentOS 8上实现PXE自动化安装CentOS 6,7,8

1.安装前准备

关闭防火墙和SELinux，服务器设置静态IP地址

网络要求：关闭vmware软件中的DHCP服务，基于NAT模式

注意：使用1G以下内存的主机安装centos7,8会提示空间不足，建议2G以上内存

2.安装相关软件包并启动

[root@centos8 ~]# dnf -y install dhcp-server tftp-server httpd syslinux-nonlinux
[root@centos8 ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd tftp dhcpd
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/tftp.socket → /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dhcpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service.
Job for dhcpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status dhcpd.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
#dhcp服务不能启动，因为没有设置dhcp配置文件

3.配置DHCP服务

[root@centos8 ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 
cp: overwrite '/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf'? y
[root@centos8 ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
option domain-name "example.org";         #设置域名，这里可以不设置                                             
option domain-name-servers 180.76.76.76, 223.6.6.6;		#设置DNS
default-lease-time 86400;		#设置DHCP租期
max-lease-time 100000;			#设置最大DHCP租期
subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {    #DHCP获取网络段
  range 10.0.0.100 10.0.0.200;	#DHCP获取地址范围
  option routers 10.0.0.2;		#网关
  next-server 10.0.0.8;			#tftp 服务地址
  filename "pxelinux.0";		#pxe获取文件名
}
:wq
[root@centos8 ~]# systemctl enable --now dhcpd

4.准备yum源和相关目录

[root@centos8 ~]# mkdir -pv /var/www/html/centos/{6,7,8}/os/x86_64
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/6'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/6/os'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/7'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/7/os'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/8'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/8/os'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64'
[root@centos8 ~]# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  200G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0  100G  0 part /
├─sda3   8:3    0   50G  0 part /data
├─sda4   8:4    0    1K  0 part 
└─sda5   8:5    0    2G  0 part [SWAP]
sr0     11:0    1  3.7G  0 rom  
sr1     11:1    1  9.5G  0 rom  
sr2     11:2    1  8.6G  0 rom  
[root@centos8 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64/
mount: /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@centos8 ~]# mount /dev/sr1 /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/
mount: /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@centos8 ~]# mount /dev/sr2 /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64/
mount: /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.

http://10.0.0.8/centos/6/os/x86_64/

5.准备kickstart文件

[root@centos8 ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/ks
[root@centos8 ~]# rz
#把事先准备好的kickstart文件传到系统
[root@centos8 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  centos6.cfg  centos7.cfg  centos8.cfg
[root@centos8 ~]# mv centos* /var/www/html/ks/
[root@centos8 ~]# ls /var/www/html/ks/
centos6.cfg  centos7.cfg  centos8.cfg

[root@centos8 ~]# cat /var/www/html/ks/centos6.cfg 
install
text
reboot
url --url=http://10.0.0.8/centos/6/os/x86_64/
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard us
network --onboot yes --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp  --noipv6
rootpw --plaintext 123456
firewall --disabled
authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
selinux --disabled
timezone Asia/Shanghai
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet"
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=1024
part / --fstype=ext4 --size=50000
part /data --fstype=ext4 --size=30000
part swap --size=2048
%packages
@core
@server-policy
@workstation-policy
autofs
vim-enhanced
%end
%post
useradd neteagle 
echo 123456 | passwd --stdin neteagle &> /dev/null
mkdir  /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<EOF
[base]
name=base
baseurl=file:///misc/cd
gpgcheck=0
EOF
%end



[root@centos8 ~]# cat /var/www/html/ks/centos7.cfg 
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --plaintext 123456
# System language
lang en_US
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512
# Use text mode install
text
firstboot --disable
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled


# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Network information
network  --bootproto=static --device=eth0 --ip=10.0.0.123 --netmask=255.255.255.0
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# Use network installation
url --url="http://10.0.0.8/centos/7/os/x86_64"
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append="net.ifnames=0" --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all
# Disk partitioning information
part / --fstype="xfs" --size=100000

%post
useradd neteagle
echo 123456 |passwd --stdin neteagle
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<EOF
[base]
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF
%end

%packages
vim
wget
lrzsz
tree
curl
%end


[root@centos8 ~]# cat /var/www/html/ks/centos8.cfg 
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
zerombr
text
reboot
clearpart --all --initlabel
selinux --disabled
firewall --disabled
url --url=http://10.0.0.8/centos/8/os/x86_64/
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
lang en_US.UTF-8
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens160 --ipv6=auto --activate
network  --hostname=centos8.magedu.com
rootpw --plaintext 123456
firstboot --enable
skipx
services --disabled="chronyd"
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
user --name=wang --password=6oUfb/02CWfLb5l8f$sgEZeR7c7DpqfpmFDH6huSmDbW1XQNR4qKl2EPns.gOXqlnAIgv9pTogtFVaDtEpMOC.SWXKYqxfVtd9MCwxb1 --iscrypted --gecos="wang"
part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=102400
part /data --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=51200
part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=2048
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
%packages
@^minimal-environment
kexec-tools
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end

%post
useradd neteagle
echo 123456 | passwd --stdin neteagle &> /dev/null
%end

6.准备PXE启动相关文件

[root@centos8 ~]# mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/centos{6,7,8}

#准备centos 6,7,8各自的内核相关文件
[root@centos8 ~]# cp /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos6/
[root@centos8 ~]# cp /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos7/
[root@centos8 ~]# cp /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos8/
[root@centos8 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,menu.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot/

#以下三个文件是CentOS 8安装所必须文件，CentOS 6,7则不需要
[root@centos8 ~]# cp /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64/isolinux/{ldlinux.c32,libcom32.c32,libutil.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot/

#生成安装菜单文件
[root@centos8 ~]# mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
[root@centos8 ~]# cp /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

#最终目录结构如下
[root@centos8 ~]# tree /var/lib/tftpboot/
/var/lib/tftpboot/
├── centos6
│   ├── initrd.img
│   └── vmlinuz
├── centos7
│   ├── initrd.img
│   └── vmlinuz
├── centos8
│   ├── initrd.img
│   └── vmlinuz
├── ldlinux.c32
├── libcom32.c32
├── libutil.c32
├── menu.c32
├── pxelinux.0
└── pxelinux.cfg
    └── default

4 directories, 12 files

7.准备启动菜单文件

[root@centos8 ~]# vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default menu.c32
timeout 600

menu title CentOS Linux

label linux8
  menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^8
  kernel centos8/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos8/initrd.img ks=http://10.0.0.8/ks/centos8.cfg

label linux7
  menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^7
  kernel centos7/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos7/initrd.img ks=http://10.0.0.8/ks/centos7.cfg

label linux6
  menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^6
  kernel centos6/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos6/initrd.img ks=http://10.0.0.8/ks/centos6.cfg

label manual
  menu label ^Manual Install CentOS Linux 8.3
  kernel centos8/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos8/initrd.img inst.repo=http://10.0.0.8/centos/8/os/x86_64/

label rescue
  menu label ^Rescue a CentOS Linux system 8
  kernel centos8/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos8/initrd.img inst.repo=http://10.0.0.8/centos/8/os/x86_64/ rescue

label local
  menu label Boot from ^local drive
  localboot 0xffff
menu end
:wq!  #需要强制保存

8.测试客户机基于PXE实现自动化安装

新准备一台虚拟机，设置网卡引导，可看到启动菜单，并实现自动安装

自动安装CentOS8

正在安装

安装完成，并启动

正常登录

自动安装CentOS7

自动安装CentOS6

三.CentOS 7基于Cobbler实现CentOS 6,7,8系统的自动化安装

1.环境准备

两台主机：

一台主机：CentOS 7充当cobbler，http，dhcp，tftp服务器，并关闭防火墙和SELinux

一台主机：充当测试机，用于实现自动化安装Linux系统

网络要求：关闭vmware软件中的NAT模式中的DHCP服务，两个主机网卡基于NAT模式

2.安装相关包并启动服务

[root@centos7 ~]# yum -y install cobbler dhcp
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable --now cobblerd httpd tftp dhcpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/cobblerd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/cobblerd.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/tftp.socket to /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dhcpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service.
Job for dhcpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status dhcpd.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
#DHCP没有配置文件，稍后再配置

3.修改cobbler相关的配置

[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

1 : The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work.  This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.
2 : For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.
3 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
4 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.
5 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
6 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
7 : ksvalidator was not found, install pykickstart
8 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one
9 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

#生成新密码，默认安装好的系统root密码为cobber
[root@centos7 ~]# openssl passwd -1 '123456'
$1$IDH4FUHg$aiO7y.lEscZmd7lkDUwPW1

#根据以上提示，只需要做1，2，8这三项即可，修改下面四行
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings 
server: 10.0.0.7	#IP地址修改为你当前主机的IP地址
next_server: 10.0.0.7   #IP地址修改为你当前主机的IP地址
manage_dhcp: 1  	#设置1，表示通过cobbler生成dhcpd.conf配置文件
default_password_crypted: "$1$IDH4FUHg$aiO7y.lEscZmd7lkDUwPW1"    #密码设置成你刚生成的新密码
:wq
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd

4.实现dhcp服务

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
     option routers             10.0.0.2;
     option domain-name-servers 180.76.76.76,223.6.6.6;
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
     range dynamic-bootp        10.0.0.100 10.0.0.254;
:wq

[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2020-12-30_223028_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Wed Dec 30 22:30:28 2020)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl status dhcpd
● dhcpd.service - DHCPv4 Server Daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-12-30 22:30:29 CST; 25s ago
     Docs: man:dhcpd(8)
           man:dhcpd.conf(5)
 Main PID: 1275 (dhcpd)
   Status: "Dispatching packets..."
   CGroup: /system.slice/dhcpd.service
           └─1275 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -f -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -user dhcpd -group dhcpd --no-pid

Dec 30 22:30:29 centos7.9 dhcpd[1275]: Copyright 2004-2013 Internet Systems Consortium.
Dec 30 22:30:29 centos7.9 dhcpd[1275]: All rights reserved.
Dec 30 22:30:29 centos7.9 dhcpd[1275]: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Dec 30 22:30:29 centos7.9 dhcpd[1275]: Not searching LDAP since ldap-server, ldap-port and ldap-base-dn were not spec...g file
Dec 30 22:30:29 centos7.9 dhcpd[1275]: Wrote 0 class decls to leases file.
Dec 30 22:30:29 centos7.9 dhcpd[1275]: Wrote 0 leases to leases file.
Dec 30 22:30:29 centos7.9 dhcpd[1275]: Listening on LPF/eth0/00:0c:29:6a:7e:b8/10.0.0.0/24
Dec 30 22:30:29 centos7.9 dhcpd[1275]: Sending on   LPF/eth0/00:0c:29:6a:7e:b8/10.0.0.0/24
Dec 30 22:30:29 centos7.9 dhcpd[1275]: Sending on   Socket/fallback/fallback-net
Dec 30 22:30:29 centos7.9 systemd[1]: Started DHCPv4 Server Daemon.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

5.下载启动的相关文件

[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler get-loaders
task started: 2020-12-30_223833_get_loaders
task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Wed Dec 30 22:38:33 2020)
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.elilo to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.yaboot to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.syslinux to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/elilo-3.8-ia64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/yaboot-1.3.17 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/pxelinux.0-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/menu.c32-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86_64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

遇到cobbler get-loaders不能下载启动文件，估计是网络问题造成的
用cobbler离线安装的getLoader离线包，问题解决,下载地址：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Mi5lyX-5DpTVtSRaXsGGgQ 提取码：zl3c

[root@centos7 ~]# ls /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/
COPYING.elilo     COPYING.yaboot  grub-x86_64.efi  menu.c32    README
COPYING.syslinux  elilo-ia64.efi  grub-x86.efi     pxelinux.0  yaboot

[root@centos7 ~]# tree /var/lib/tftpboot/
/var/lib/tftpboot/
├── boot
├── etc
├── grub
├── images
├── images2
├── memdisk
├── menu.c32
├── ppc
├── pxelinux.cfg
│   └── default
└── s390x

8 directories, 0 files

[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2020-12-30_224401_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Wed Dec 30 22:44:01 2020)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

[root@centos7 ~]# tree /var/lib/tftpboot/
/var/lib/tftpboot/
├── boot
│   └── grub
│       └── menu.lst
├── etc
├── grub
│   ├── efidefault
│   ├── grub-x86_64.efi
│   ├── grub-x86.efi
│   └── images -> ../images
├── images
├── images2
├── memdisk
├── menu.c32
├── ppc
├── pxelinux.0
├── pxelinux.cfg
│   └── default
├── s390x
│   └── profile_list
└── yaboot

10 directories, 10 files

6.修改菜单的标题信息

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template 
MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://www.neteagles.cn/   
:wq
[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2020-12-30_224620_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Wed Dec 30 22:46:20 2020)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

[root@centos7 ~]# cat /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default 
DEFAULT menu
PROMPT 0
MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://www.neteagles.cn/
TIMEOUT 200
TOTALTIMEOUT 6000
ONTIMEOUT local

LABEL local
        MENU LABEL (local)
        MENU DEFAULT
        LOCALBOOT -1



MENU end

7.导入CentOS系统的安装文件，生成相应的YUM源

[root@centos7 ~]# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  200G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0  100G  0 part /
├─sda3   8:3    0   50G  0 part /data
├─sda4   8:4    0    1K  0 part 
└─sda5   8:5    0    2G  0 part [SWAP]
sr0     11:0    1  9.5G  0 rom  
sr1     11:1    1  8.6G  0 rom  
sr2     11:2    1  3.7G  0 rom  

[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir /mnt/centos{6,7,8}

[root@centos7 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/centos7
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@centos7 ~]# mount /dev/sr1 /mnt/centos8
mount: /dev/sr1 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@centos7 ~]# mount /dev/sr2 /mnt/centos6
mount: /dev/sr2 is write-protected, mounting read-only

[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler import --name=centos-8.3-x86_64 --path=/mnt/centos8 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2020-12-31_135841_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Thu Dec 31 13:58:41 2020)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel8
No signature matched in /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64
!!! TASK FAILED !!!	#出现No signature matched报错

#修改下面的配置文件
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/distro_signatures.json
"rhel8": {
        "signatures": [
          "BaseOS"
        ],
        "version_file": "(redhat|sl|slf|centos-linux|oraclelinux|vzlinux)-release-(?!notes)([\\w]*-)*8(Server)*[\\.-]+(.*)\\.rpm",   #把这行centos改成centos-linux          
:wq

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd

[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler import --name=centos-8.3-x86_64 --path=/mnt/centos8 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2020-12-31_140121_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Thu Dec 31 14:01:21 2020)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel8
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel8
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64:
creating new distro: centos-8.3-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos-8.3-x86_64
creating new profile: centos-8.3-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64 for centos-8.3-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64/AppStream
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64/AppStream
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64/AppStream/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64/AppStream/repodata
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64/BaseOS
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64/BaseOS
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64/BaseOS/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64/BaseOS/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
#现在导入镜像成功


[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler import --name=centos-7.9-x86_64 --path=/mnt/centos7 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2020-12-31_140211_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Thu Dec 31 14:02:11 2020)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7.9-x86_64:
creating new distro: centos-7.9-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7.9-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos-7.9-x86_64
creating new profile: centos-7.9-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7.9-x86_64 for centos-7.9-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7.9-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7.9-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7.9-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7.9-x86_64/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler import --name=centos-6.10-x86_64 --path=/mnt/centos6 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2020-12-31_140501_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Thu Dec 31 14:05:01 2020)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.10-x86_64:
creating new distro: centos-6.10-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.10-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos-6.10-x86_64
creating new profile: centos-6.10-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.10-x86_64 for centos-6.10-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.10-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.10-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.10-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.10-x86_64/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

[root@centos7 ~]# du -sh /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/*
3.8G	/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.10-x86_64
9.6G	/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7.9-x86_64
8.8G	/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-8.3-x86_64
16K	/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/config

[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler distro list
   centos-6.10-x86_64
   centos-7.9-x86_64
   centos-8.3-x86_64

[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler profile list
   centos-6.10-x86_64
   centos-7.9-x86_64
   centos-8.3-x86_64
   
#默认生成的是最小化安装

#cobbler在导入镜像时报以下错误：
task started: 2018-06-06_125116_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Wed Jun  6 12:51:16 2018)
Exception occured: <class 'cobbler.cexceptions.CX'>
Exception value: 'Command failed'
Exception Info:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cobbler/remote.py", line 82, in run
    rc = self._run(self)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cobbler/remote.py", line 226, in runner
    self.logger
   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cobbler/api.py", line 876, in import_tree
    utils.run_this(rsync_cmd, (spacer, mirror_url, path), self.logger)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cobbler/utils.py", line 899, in run_this
    die(logger,"Command failed")
   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cobbler/utils.py", line 114, in die
    raise CX(msg)

!!! TASK FAILED !!!

#查看日志文件，发现报以下错误：
Fri Jun  1 11:28:57 2018 - DEBUG | received on stderr: rsync: read errors mapping "/mnt/EFI/TRANS.TBL": Input/output error (5)
rsync: read errors mapping "/mnt/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI": Input/output error (5)
rsync: read errors mapping "/mnt/EFI/BOOT/MokManager.efi": Input/output error (5)

#问题原因
#防火墙、selinux等确认是否关闭（我这里是已经关闭了的）
#确认镜像文件是否损坏，我这里就是镜像文件出了问题，换了一个新的镜像就导入OK了。

8.准备kickstart文件，并关联至指定的YUM源

[root@centos7 ~]# rz
#把kickstart文件传到Linux里
[root@centos7 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  centos6.cfg  centos7.cfg  centos8.cfg
[root@centos7 ~]# mv centos* /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/
[root@centos7 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@centos7 ~]# ll /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/
total 76
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  866 Dec 30 20:55 centos6.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1384 Dec 30 20:55 centos7.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1229 Dec 30 20:56 centos8.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  115 Aug 30  2019 default.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   22 Aug 30  2019 esxi4-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   22 Aug 30  2019 esxi5-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root   56 Dec 31 13:44 install_profiles
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1424 Aug 30  2019 legacy.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  292 Aug 30  2019 pxerescue.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2825 Aug 30  2019 sample_autoyast.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1856 Aug 30  2019 sample_end.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    0 Aug 30  2019 sample_esx4.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  324 Aug 30  2019 sample_esxi4.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  386 Aug 30  2019 sample_esxi5.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  386 Aug 30  2019 sample_esxi6.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1913 Aug 30  2019 sample.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3419 Aug 30  2019 sample_old.seed
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6694 Aug 30  2019 sample.seed
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6706 Jun 18  2019 sample.seed.28

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7.cfg 
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --plaintext 123456
# System language
lang en_US
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512
# Use text mode install
text
firstboot --disable
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled


# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Network information
network  --bootproto=static --device=eth0 --ip=10.0.0.123 --netmask=255.255.255.0
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# Use network installation
url --url=$tree			#注意此行必须指定
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append="net.ifnames=0" --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all
# Disk partitioning information
part / --fstype="xfs" --size=100000

%post
useradd neteagle
echo 123456 |passwd --stdin neteagle
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<EOF
[base]
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF
%end

%packages
vim
wget
lrzsz
tree
curl
%end
:wq


[root@centos7 ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos8.cfg 
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
zerombr
text
reboot
clearpart --all --initlabel
selinux --disabled
firewall --disabled
url --url=$tree			#注意此行必须指定
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
lang en_US.UTF-8
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens160 --ipv6=auto --activate
network  --hostname=centos8.magedu.com
rootpw --plaintext 123456
firstboot --enable
skipx
services --disabled="chronyd"
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
user --name=wang --password=6oUfb/02CWfLb5l8f$sgEZeR7c7DpqfpmFDH6huSmDbW1XQNR4qKl2EPns.gOXqlnAIgv9pTogtFVaDtEpMOC.SWXKYqxfVtd9MCwxb1 --iscrypted --gecos="wang"
part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=102400
part /data --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=51200
part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=2048
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
%packages
@^minimal-environment
kexec-tools
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end

%post
useradd neteagle
echo 123456 | passwd --stdin neteagle &> /dev/null
%end
:wq

[root@centos7 ~]# cat /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos6.cfg 
install
text
reboot
url --url=$tree		#注意此行必须指定
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard us
network --onboot yes --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp  --noipv6
rootpw --plaintext 123456
firewall --disabled
authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
selinux --disabled
timezone Asia/Shanghai
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet"
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=1024
part / --fstype=ext4 --size=50000
part /data --fstype=ext4 --size=30000
part swap --size=2048
%packages
@core
@server-policy
@workstation-policy
autofs
vim-enhanced
%end
%post
useradd neteagle 
echo 123456 | passwd --stdin neteagle &> /dev/null
mkdir  /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<EOF
[base]
name=base
baseurl=file:///misc/cd
gpgcheck=0
EOF
%end
:wq

#将kickstart文件，关联指定的YUM源和生成菜单列表
[root@centos7 ~]#  cobbler profile add --name=CentOS-7.9_mini --distro=CentOS-7.9-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7.cfg
[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler profile add --name=CentOS-8.3_mini --distro=CentOS-8.3-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos8.cfg
[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler profile add --name=CentOS-6.10_mini --distro=CentOS-6.10-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos6.cfg

#删除默认生成的菜单
[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler profile remove --name=centos-7.9-x86_64
[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler profile remove --name=centos-8.3-x86_64
[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler profile remove --name=centos-6.10-x86_64

[root@centos7 ~]# cobbler profile list
   CentOS-6.10_mini
   CentOS-7.9_mini
   CentOS-8.3_mini

9.测试客户端基于Cobbler实现自动安装

CentOS 7 自动安装

Centos 8自动安装

Centos 6自动安装

10.实现cobbler的web管理

[root@centos7 ~]# yum -y install cobbler-web
Complete!
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart httpd

https://10.0.0.7/cobbler_web

默认用户名和密码：cobbler

11.创建cobbler的自定义的web用户

[root@centos7 ~]# cat /etc/cobbler/users.digest 
cobbler:Cobbler:a2d6bae81669d707b72c0bd9806e01f3

[root@centos7 ~]# htdigest -c /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler admin
Adding password for admin in realm Cobbler.
New password: 
Re-type new password: 

[root@centos7 ~]# cat /etc/cobbler/users.digest 
admin:Cobbler:38a2b8b1b63ae825e30c892e13a200f5
3