实质：实现设备与IP的绑定。
服务模式：服务器/客户端
PC1为服务器，PC2为客户端。PC1和PC2均为RHEL7系统
1、查看服务器PC1系统版本，ip信息
[root@PC1 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release ## 查看系统版本 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.0 (Maipo) [root@PC1 ~]# ifconfig | head -n 3 ## 查看IP eno16777728: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.10.10 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 192.168.10.10 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe66:37f7 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
2、安装DHCP服务 （提前配置好yum仓库）
[root@PC1 ~]# yum install dhcp Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Installed size: 1.4 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y ……………… Installed: dhcp.x86_64 12:4.2.5-27.el7 Complete!
3、DHCP服务配置文件所在位置
[root@PC1 dhcp]# pwd /etc/dhcp [root@PC1 dhcp]# ls dhclient.d dhcpd6.conf dhcpd.conf
4、在服务器PC1中修改DHCP服务配置文件
[root@PC1 dhcp]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf ## ip地址范围为50-150 ddns-update-style none; ignore client-updates; subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.10.50 192.168.10.150; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option routers 192.168.10.1; option domain-name "linuxprobe.com"; option domain-name-servers 192.168.10.1; default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; }
各参数意义：
5、在服务器PC1中重启DHCP服务，并设动为开机自动启动
[root@PC1 dhcp]# systemctl restart dhcpd [root@PC1 dhcp]# systemctl enable dhcpd ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dhcpd.service'
6、 在客户机PC2中验证自动分配IP效果
[root@PC2 Desktop]# ifconfig | head -n 3 ## 查看当前ip，未分配 eno16777728: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 ether 00:0c:29:25:bb:3e txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 445 bytes 27249 (26.6 KiB) [root@PC2 Desktop]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777728 ## 修改网卡配置文件，设为开机启动 HWADDR=00:0C:29:25:BB:3E TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=dhcp DEFROUTE=yes PEERDNS=yes PEERROUTES=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes IPV6_PEERDNS=yes IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no NAME=eno16777728 UUID=a0c2aa6b-48e1-4822-a67c-151155cc14bd ONBOOT=yes [root@PC2 Desktop]# systemctl restart network ## 重启网卡 [root@PC2 Desktop]# ifconfig | head -n 3 ## 查看此时ip eno16777728: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.10.50 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.10.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe25:bb3e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
7、查看客户机PC2网卡MAC地址、PC2主机名称（绑定ip时需要使用MAC地址，MAC地址具有唯一性）
[root@PC2 Desktop]# ifconfig | head -n 6 ## 查看PC2的MAC地址 eno16777728: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.10.50 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.10.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe25:bb3e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:25:bb:3e txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 498 bytes 31249 (30.5 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 [root@PC2 Desktop]# hostname ## 查看主机名称 PC2
8、在服务器PC1中修改配置文件，将特定IP和客户机PC2绑定
[root@PC1 dhcp]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf ddns-update-style none; ignore client-updates; subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.10.50 192.168.10.150; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option routers 192.168.10.1; option domain-name "linuxprobe.com"; option domain-name-servers 192.168.10.1; default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; host PC2 { hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:25:bb:3e; fixed-address 192.168.10.100; } }
9、在服务器PC1中重启DHCP服务
[root@PC1 dhcp]# systemctl restart dhcpd
10、在客户机PC2中进行验证
[root@PC2 Desktop]# ifconfig | head -n 3 ## 查看此时ip，仍然是50 eno16777728: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.10.50 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.10.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe25:bb3e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> [root@PC2 Desktop]# systemctl restart network ## 重启网卡服务 [root@PC2 Desktop]# ifconfig | head -n 3 ## 查看此时ip，可见已经实现了绑定 eno16777728: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.10.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.10.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe25:bb3e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
总结：
- 实现特定IP与特定设备的绑定仅需要修改服务器端配置文件，然后在客户端重启网卡
- 服务器端修改配置文件需要的关键信息为客户端网卡MAC地址、主机名称