Ubuntu 18.04 LTS netplan网络配置详解

• 获取帮助

$ man 5 netplan

• 获取配置文件示例

# dpkg -L netplan.io
...
/etc/netplan  生效的配置文件路径
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/bonding.yaml  接口绑定示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  bonds:
    bond0:
      dhcp4: yes
      interfaces:
        - enp3s0
        - enp4s0
      parameters:
        mode: active-backup
        primary: enp3s0
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/bonding_router.yaml  路由器接口绑定示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp1s0:
      dhcp4: no
    enp2s0:
      dhcp4: no
    enp3s0:
      dhcp4: no
      optional: true
    enp4s0:
      dhcp4: no
      optional: true
    enp5s0:
      dhcp4: no
      optional: true
    enp6s0:
      dhcp4: no
      optional: true
  bonds:
    bond-lan:
      interfaces: [enp2s0, enp3s0]
      addresses: [192.168.93.2/24]
      parameters:
        mode: 802.3ad
        mii-monitor-interval: 1
    bond-wan:
      interfaces: [enp1s0, enp4s0]
      addresses: [192.168.1.252/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.1.1
      nameservers:
        search: [local]
        addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]
      parameters:
        mode: active-backup
        mii-monitor-interval: 1
        gratuitious-arp: 5
    bond-conntrack:
      interfaces: [enp5s0, enp6s0]
      addresses: [192.168.254.2/24]
      parameters:
        mode: balance-rr
        mii-monitor-interval: 1
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/bridge.yaml  普通桥接示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  bridges:
    br0:
      dhcp4: yes
      interfaces:
        - enp3s0
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/bridge_vlan.yaml  vlan桥接示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp0s25:
      dhcp4: true
  bridges:
    br0:
      addresses: [ 10.3.99.25/24 ]
      interfaces: [ vlan15 ]
  vlans:
    vlan15:
      accept-ra: no
      id: 15
      link: enp0s25
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/dhcp.yaml  自动获取IP示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      dhcp4: true
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/direct_connect_gateway.yaml  直连网关示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    addresses: [ "10.10.10.1/24" ]
    routes:
      - to: 0.0.0.0/0
        via: 9.9.9.9
        on-link: true
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/loopback_interface.yaml  loopback接口示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    lo:
      match:
        name: lo
      addresses: [ 7.7.7.7/32 ]
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/network_manager.yaml  启用NetworkManager
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/source_routing.yaml  源路由示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    ens3:
      addresses:
       - 192.168.3.30/24
      dhcp4: no
      routes:
       - to: 192.168.3.0/24
         via: 192.168.3.1
         table: 101
      routing-policy:
       - from: 192.168.3.0/24
         table: 101
    ens5:
      addresses:
       - 192.168.5.24/24
      dhcp4: no
      gateway4: 192.168.5.1
      routes:
       - to: 192.168.5.0/24
         via: 192.168.5.1
         table: 102
      routing-policy:
        - from: 192.168.5.0/24
          table: 102
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/static.yaml  静态IP配置示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      addresses:
        - 10.10.10.2/24
      gateway4: 10.10.10.1
      nameservers:
          search: [mydomain,otherdomain]
          addresses: [10.10.10.1, 1.1.1.1]
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/static_multiaddress.yaml  单接口多IP单网关配置示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
     addresses:
       - 10.100.1.38/24
       - 10.100.1.39/24
     gateway4: 10.100.1.1
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/static_singlenic_multiip_multigateway.yaml  单接口多IP多网关配置示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eno1:
      addresses:
      - 10.0.0.10/24
      - 11.0.0.11/24
      nameservers:
        addresses:
          - 8.8.8.8
          - 8.8.4.4
      routes:
      - to: 0.0.0.0/0
        via: 10.0.0.1
        metric: 100
      - to: 0.0.0.0/0
        via: 11.0.0.1
        metric: 100
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/vlan.yaml  linux vlan配置示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    mainif:
      match:
        macaddress: "de:ad:be:ef:ca:fe"
      set-name: mainif
      addresses: [ "10.3.0.5/23" ]
      gateway4: 10.3.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [ "8.8.8.8", "8.8.4.4" ]
        search: [ example.com ]
  vlans:
    vlan15:
      id: 15
      link: mainif
      addresses: [ "10.3.99.5/24" ]
    vlan10:
      id: 10
      link: mainif
      addresses: [ "10.3.98.5/24" ]
      nameservers:
        addresses: [ "127.0.0.1" ]
        search: [ domain1.example.com, domain2.example.com ]
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/windows_dhcp_server.yaml
network:
  version: 2
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      dhcp4: yes
      dhcp-identifier: mac
/usr/share/doc/netplan.io/examples/wireless.yaml  无线网络配置示例
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  wifis:
    wlp2s0b1:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [192.168.0.21/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [192.168.0.1, 8.8.8.8]
      access-points:
        "network_ssid_name":
          password: "**********"
...

• 一个示例

# cat /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    ens33:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: 
        - 192.168.1.21/24
      gateway4: 192.168.1.254
      nameservers:
        addresses:
          - 202.96.128.86
    ens34:
      dhcp4: no

# cat /etc/netplan/bridge_vlan.yaml

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  vlans:
    vlan100:
      accept-ra: no
      id: 100
      link: ens34
    vlan200:
      accept-ra: no
      id: 200
      link: ens34
  bridges:
    br-vlan100:
      interfaces:
        - vlan100
    br-vlan200:
      interfaces:
        - vlan200