springboot声明Bean的注解有

声明Bean的注解有：

• @Component 没有明确角色的组件
• @Service 在业务逻辑层（Service层）使用
• @Repositpry 在数据访问层（dao层）使用
• @Controller 用于标注控制层组件
• @RestController

3. @Component注解

@Component源码：

package org.springframework.stereotype; import java.lang.annotation.Documented; import java.lang.annotation.ElementType; import java.lang.annotation.Retention; import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy; import java.lang.annotation.Target; /** * @since 2.5 * @see Repository * @see Service * @see Controller * @see org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner // 扫描包中Bean，注册 */ @Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Indexed public @interface Component { // 如果有返回组件名称，否则返回空字符串 String value() default ""; } 

1. @Component作用在类上
2. @Component注解作用域默认为singleton
3. 使用注解配置和类路径扫描时，被@Component注解标注的类会被Spring扫描并注册为Bean
4. @Component使用在不确定哪一个层的时候使用，可以作用在任何层次，把普通pojo实例化到spring容器
5. 不推荐使用@Component注解，而应该使用它的扩展，如@Service、@Repository

3.1 @Component注解使用

package com.example.demo.annotation; public interface IUser { public String get(); } package com.example.demo.annotation.component; @Component public class UserComponentImpl implements IUser { private String name = "UserComponentImpl"; @Override public String get() { return name; } } //@Component("componentBeanId") @Component(value="componentBeanId") public class UserComponentImplWithParam implements IUser { private String name = "UserComponentImplWithParam"; @Override public String get() { return name; } }

@Component注解测试：

package com.example.demo.annotation.component; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext; import com.example.demo.annotation.IUser; @SpringBootApplication public class ComponentApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(ComponentApplication.class, args); IUser userComponentImpl1 = (UserComponentImpl)context.getBean("userComponentImpl"); System.out.println(userComponentImpl1.get()); IUser userComponentImpl2 = (UserComponentImplWithParam)context.getBean("componentBeanId"); System.out.println(userComponentImpl2.get()); } }

@Component注解测试结果： 

4. @Service注解

@Service注解源码：

package org.springframework.stereotype; import java.lang.annotation.Documented; import java.lang.annotation.ElementType; import java.lang.annotation.Retention; import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy; import java.lang.annotation.Target; import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor; /** * @since 2.5 * @see Component * @see Repository */ @Target({ElementType.TYPE}) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Component public @interface Service { @AliasFor(annotation = Component.class) String value() default ""; }

1. @Service是@Component注解的一个特例，作用在类上
2. @Service注解作用域默认为singleton
3. 使用注解配置和类路径扫描时，被@Service注解标注的类会被Spring扫描并注册为Bean
4. @Service用于标注业务层组件,表示定义一个bean
5. @Service使用时没有传参数，Bean名称默认为当前类的类名，首字母小写
6. @Service(“serviceBeanId”)或@Service(value=”serviceBeanId”)使用时传参数，使用value作为Bean名字

4.1 @service注解使用

package com.example.demo.annotation; public interface IUser { public String get(); } package com.example.demo.annotation.service; @Service public class UserServiceImpl implements IUser { private final String name = "UserServiceImpl"; public String get () { return name; } } //@Service("userService") @Service(value="userService") public class UserServiceImplWithParam implements IUser { private String name = "UserServiceImplWithParam"; public String get() { return name; } }

@Service注解测试：

package com.example.demo.annotation.service; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext; import com.example.demo.DemoApplication; import com.example.demo.annotation.IUser; @SpringBootApplication public class ServiceApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); IUser serviceImpl1 = (UserServiceImpl) context.getBean("userServiceImpl"); System.out.println(serviceImpl1.get()); IUser serviceImpl2 = (UserServiceImplWithParam)context.getBean("userService"); System.out.println(serviceImpl2.get()); } }

@Service注解测试结果：

说明：

• @Service注解使用时不传参Bean名默认为当前类名，首字母小写
• @Service注解使用时传参Bean名为参数value的值