nos安装部署文档
2020年9月4日
17:00
一、配置环境设置镜像
配置Yum源 nginx源
Mkdir /dev/liuyan
Mount /dev/cdrom /dev/liuyan
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[aa]
name=aa
baseurl=file:///dev/liuyan
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[nginx]
name=nginx
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
安装Nginx
yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install nginx
需要再添加一个yum源来安装php-fpm，可以使用webtatic（这个yum源对国内网络来说恐怕有些慢，当然你也可以选择其它的yum源）
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
安装php7-fpm和一些其它的必要的组件
yum -y install php70w-fpm php70w-cli php70w-gd php70w-mcrypt php70w-mysql php70w-pear php70w-xml php70w-mbstring php70w-pdo php70w-json php70w-pecl-apcu php70w-pecl-apcu-devel
安装完成检查一下是否安装成功
Php -v
配置php-fpm
vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
user = nginx
group = nginx
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME //去掉下面几行注释
env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
env[TMP] = /tmp
env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
env[TEMP] = /tmp
在/var/lib目录下为session路径创建一个新的文件夹，并将用户名和组设为nginx
mkdir -p /var/lib/php/session
chown nginx:nginx -R /var/lib/php/session/
ll -d /var/lib/php/session/
启动Nginx和php-fpm服务，并添加开机启动
systemctl start php-fpm
Systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable php-fpm
systemctl enable nginx
二、安装并配置mariadb
安装
yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server
启动数据库并设置开机自启
systemctl start mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb
设置数据库密码
mysql_secure_installation
创建数据库
create database nextcloud_db;
创建用户设置密码
create user nextcloud_yan@localhost identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
赋权
grant all privileges on nextcloud_db.* to nextcloud_yan@localhost identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
刷新权限
flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
三、为Nextcloud生成自签名SSL证书
创建目录
mkdir /etc/nginx/cert
cd /etc/nginx/cert/
openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.crt -keyout /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key
chmod 777 /etc/nginx/cert/
chmod 666 /etc/nginx/cert/*
四、下载并安装nextcloud
上传文件nextcloud到 指定目录
解压
unzip nextcloud-12.0.4.zip
mv nextcloud /usr/share/nginx/html/
五、设置nginx虚拟主机
进入Nginx的虚拟主机配置文件所在目录并创建一个新的虚拟主机配置（记得修改两个server_name为自己的域名） 我设置的域名为textcloud.com
cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
Vi nextcloud.conf
upstream php-handler {
server 127.0.0.1:9000;
#server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name nextcloud.kevin-inc.com;
# enforce https
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name nextcloud.kevin-inc.com;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key;
# Add headers to serve security related headers
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
# topic first.
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
includeSubDomains; preload;";
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Path to the root of your installation
root /usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/;
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
# Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
# last;
location = /.well-known/carddav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
location = /.well-known/caldav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
# set max upload size
client_max_body_size 512M;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# Disable gzip to avoid the removal of the ETag header
gzip off;
# Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
# This module is currently not supported.
#pagespeed off;
error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;
error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;
location / {
rewrite ^ /index.php$uri;
}
location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34])\.php(?:$|/) {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
#Avoid sending the security headers twice
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
fastcgi_pass php-handler;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
}
location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
try_files $uri/ =404;
index index.php;
}
# Adding the cache control header for js and css files
# Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=7200";
# Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
# have those duplicated to the ones above)
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
# this topic first.
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;includeSubDomains; preload;";
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Optional: Don't log access to assets
access_log off;
}
location ~* \.(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
# Optional: Don't log access to other assets
access_log off;
}
}
测试配置文件是否有问题
nginx -t
启动nginx
设置开机自启
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl restart nginx
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl enable nginx
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl status nginx
● nginx.service - nginx - high performance web server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2020-09-01 14:17:04 CST; 11s ago
Docs: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
Main PID: 10119 (nginx)
CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
├─10119 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx....
└─10120 nginx: worker process
Sep 01 14:17:04 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting nginx - high perfo...
Sep 01 14:17:04 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started nginx - high perfor...
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@localhost conf.d]#
六、设置防火墙
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2020-09-01 11:43:27 CST; 2h 36min ago
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
Main PID: 755 (firewalld)
CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
└─755 /usr/bin/python2 -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid
Sep 01 11:43:27 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynami...
Sep 01 11:43:27 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic...
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost conf.d]#
设置开机不自启
Systemctl disabled firewalld
首先需要安装SElinux管理工具policycoreutils-python
yum -y install policycoreutils-pythonalld
如果打开了防火墙，则需要设置Firewalld和SELinux
首先需要安装SElinux管理工具policycoreutils-python
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# yum -y install policycoreutils-python
接着设置SELinux
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/data(/.*)?'
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/config(/.*)?'
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/apps(/.*)?'
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/assets(/.*)?'
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/.htaccess'
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/.user.ini'
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# restorecon -Rv '/usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/'
接下来设置Firewlld防火墙，为Nextcloud开放http和https两个端口
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# systemctl start firewalld
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# systemctl enable firewalld
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https
[root@nextcloud-server ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
