ES操作详解

1、es是基于lucene开发的一个分布式全文索引框架。往ES中存储和从ES中查询，格式为Json

索引：Index 相当于数据库中的database
类型：type 相当于数据库中的table
主键：id 相当于数据库中的主键

往ES中存储数据，其实就是往ES中的index下的type存储Json数据

RESTFul风格API
    通过http的形式，发送请求，对ES进行操作
        查询: GET
        删除: DELETE
        添加: PUT/POST
        修改: PUT/POST

1、PUT操作，store为database;books为table;2为主键

curl -XPUT 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/2' -d '{
  "title": "Elasticsearch Blueprints",
  "name" : {
    "first" : "Vineeth",
    "last" : "Mohan"
  },
  "publish_date":"2015-06-06",
  "price":"35.99"
}'

2、GET操作

a)根据id查询

curl -XGET 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/1'  

b）通过_source获取指定的字段

curl -XGET 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/1?_source=title'
curl -XGET 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/1?_source=title,price'
curl -XGET 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/1?_source'

c)最简单_search 结合filter查询

curl -XGET 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/_search' -d '{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match_all": {}
      },
      "filter": {
        "term": { "price": 35.99 }
      }
    }
  }
}'

#指定多个值
curl -XGET 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/_search' -d '{
    "query" : {
        "bool" : {
            "filter" : { "terms" : { "price" : [35.99, 99.99] } }
        }
    }
}'

curl -XGET 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/_search' -d '{
  "query" : {
    "bool" : {
        "filter" : { "term" : { "publish_date" : "2015-02-06" } }
      }
  }
}'

d)bool过滤查询，可以做组合过滤查询

# SELECT * FROM books WHERE (price = 35.99 OR price = 99.99) AND publish_date != "2016-02-06"
# 类似的，Elasticsearch也有 and, or, not这样的组合条件的查询方式
# 格式如下：
#  {
#    "bool" : {
#    "must" :     [],
#    "should" :   [],
#    "must_not" : [],
#    }
#  }
#
# must: 条件必须满足，相当于 and # should: 条件可以满足也可以不满足，相当于 or # must_not: 条件不需要满足，相当于 not

curl -XGET 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/_search' -d '{
  "query" : {
    "bool" : { "should" : [ { "term" : {"price" : 35.99}}, { "term" : {"price" : 99.99}} ], "must_not" : { "term" : {"publish_date" : "2016-02-06"} } }
  }
}'

e）嵌套查询

# SELECT * FROM books WHERE price = 35.99 OR ( publish_date = "2016-02-06" AND price = 99.99 )

curl -XGET 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/_search' -d '{
    "query": {
        "bool": { "should": [ { "term": { "price": 35.99 } }, {  "bool": { "must": [ { "term": { "publish_date": "2016-02-06" } }, { "term": { "price": 99.99 } } ] } } ] }
    }
}'

f)range范围过滤

# SELECT * FROM books WHERE price >= 10 AND price < 99
# gt :  > 大于
# lt :  < 小于
# gte :  >= 大于等于
# lte :  <= 小于等于

curl -XGET 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/_search' -d '{
    "query": {
        "range" : { "price" : { "gte" : 10, "lt" : 99 } }
    }
}

#name和author都必须包含Guide，并且价钱等于33.99或者188.99
curl -XGET 'http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/_search' -d '{
    "query": {
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "multi_match": {
                    "operator": "and",
                    "fields": [
                        "name",
                        "author"
                    ],
                    "query": "Guide"
                }
            },
            "filter": {
                "terms": {
                    "price": [
                        35.99,
                        188.99
                    ]
                }
            }
        }
    }
}'

3、UPDATE操作

a)以通过覆盖的方式更新

curl -XPUT 'http://192.168.10.16:9200/store/books/1' -d '{
  "title": "Elasticsearch: The Definitive Guide",
  "name" : {
    "first" : "Zachary",
    "last" : "Tong"
  },
  "publish_date":"2016-02-06",
  "price":"99.99"
}'

b）通过 _update API的方式单独更新你想要更新的

curl -XPOST 'http://192.168.10.16:9200/store/books/1/_update' -d '{
  "doc": {
     "price" : 88.88
  }
}'

4、DELETE操作

curl -XDELETE 'http://192.168.10.16:9200/store/books/1'

5、查询所有(_search)

http://hadoop100:9200/store/books/_search