通常ESP8266的闪存文件系统大小是4Mb,其中有1Mb的空间是程序存储大小,剩下的3Mb是文件存储,但是其中有一部分是存储系统文件的,所以用户可用的文件存储空间是小于3Mb的。
更多信息详见https://arduino-esp8266.readthedocs.io/en/latest/filesystem.html
所使用的FS.h
/*FS.h - file system wrapper Copyright (c) 2015 Ivan Grokhotkov. All rights reserved. This file is part of the esp8266 core for Arduino environment. This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA */ #ifndef FS_H #define FS_H #include <memory> #include <Arduino.h>
namespace fs { class File; class Dir; class FileImpl; typedef std::shared_ptr<FileImpl> FileImplPtr; class FSImpl; typedef std::shared_ptr<FSImpl> FSImplPtr; class DirImpl; typedef std::shared_ptr<DirImpl> DirImplPtr; template <typename Tfs>
bool mount(Tfs& fs, const char* mountPoint); enum SeekMode { SeekSet = 0, SeekCur = 1, SeekEnd = 2 }; class File : public Stream { public: File(FileImplPtr p = FileImplPtr()) : _p(p) {} // Print methods:
size_t write(uint8_t) override; size_t write(const uint8_t *buf, size_t size) override; // Stream methods:
int available() override; int read() override; int peek() override; void flush() override; size_t readBytes(char *buffer, size_t length) override { return read((uint8_t*)buffer, length); } size_t read(uint8_t* buf, size_t size); bool seek(uint32_t pos, SeekMode mode); bool seek(uint32_t pos) { return seek(pos, SeekSet); } size_t position() const; size_t size() const; void close(); operator bool() const; const char* name() const; String readString() override; protected: FileImplPtr _p; }; class Dir { public: Dir(DirImplPtr impl = DirImplPtr()): _impl(impl) { } File openFile(const char* mode); String fileName(); size_t fileSize(); bool next(); protected: DirImplPtr _impl; }; struct FSInfo { size_t totalBytes; size_t usedBytes; size_t blockSize; size_t pageSize; size_t maxOpenFiles; size_t maxPathLength; }; class FS { public: FS(FSImplPtr impl) : _impl(impl) { } bool begin(); void end(); bool format(); bool info(FSInfo& info); File open(const char* path, const char* mode); File open(const String& path, const char* mode); bool exists(const char* path); bool exists(const String& path); Dir openDir(const char* path); Dir openDir(const String& path); bool remove(const char* path); bool remove(const String& path); bool rename(const char* pathFrom, const char* pathTo); bool rename(const String& pathFrom, const String& pathTo); protected: FSImplPtr _impl; }; } // namespace fs
#ifndef FS_NO_GLOBALS using fs::FS; using fs::File; using fs::Dir; using fs::SeekMode; using fs::SeekSet; using fs::SeekCur; using fs::SeekEnd; using fs::FSInfo; #endif //FS_NO_GLOBALS
#if !defined(NO_GLOBAL_INSTANCES) && !defined(NO_GLOBAL_SPIFFS)
extern fs::FS SPIFFS; #endif
#endif //FS_H
一、通过程序向闪存文件系统写入信息
需要注意的是,在使用闪存文件系统的时候,在工具--Flash Size----4M(1M SPIFFS)不可以选择(no SPIFFS)的,如图1
图1
图2
二、通过程序从闪存文件系统中读取信息
代码:
代码部分将写和读都包括在内,格式化结束后,向文件系统写入信息(注,写入操作是从文件系统最开始写入信息和添加信息有所不同),之后在通过读,读出内容,在用串口发送到串口监视器上。
#include <FS.h> String file_name="/taichi-maker/notes.txt";//被读取的文件位置和名称
void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); Serial.println(""); Serial.println("SPIFFS format start"); SPIFFS.format();//格式化SPIFFS
Serial.println("SPIFFS format finish"); if(SPIFFS.begin()) { Serial.println("SPIFFS Started"); } else { Serial.println("SPIFFS Failed to Start"); } File dataFile=SPIFFS.open(file_name,"w");//建立File对象用于向SPIFFS中的file对象,“w”,就是写的意思
dataFile.print("Hello IOT World ,Second Time");//向dataFile写入字符串信息
dataFile.close();//完成文件写入后关闭
Serial.println("Finished Writing data to SPIFFS"); //读取文件系统中的内容
if (SPIFFS.exists(file_name)) { Serial.print(file_name); Serial.print(" FOUND"); } else { Serial.print(file_name); Serial.print(" NOT FOUND"); } dataFile=SPIFFS.open(file_name,"r");//读取文件内容且通过串口监视器打印出来
for(int i=0;i<dataFile.size();i++) { Serial.print((char)dataFile.read()); } dataFile.close();//完成文件写入后关闭
} void loop() { // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
}
图3
三、向文件系统添加信息
添加信息和写入信息不同的地方就是,写入信息不管你之前有没有入过信息,他都直接从第一个空间开始写入,而添加呢,则就是在你之前写过信息的基础上,也就是在之前信息的结尾,加上需要添加的信息。
1 #include <FS.h>
2 String file_name="/taichi-maker/notes.txt";//被读取的文件位置和名称
3 void setup() 4 { 5 Serial.begin(9600); 6 Serial.println(""); 7 Serial.println("SPIFFS format start"); 8 //SPIFFS.format();//格式化SPIFFS 9 //Serial.println("SPIFFS format finish");
10
11 if(SPIFFS.begin()) 12 { 13 Serial.println("SPIFFS Started"); 14 } 15 else
16 { 17 Serial.println("SPIFFS Failed to Start"); 18 } 19 File dataFile=SPIFFS.open(file_name,"a");//建立File对象用于向SPIFFS中的file对象,“a”,就是添加的意思
20 dataFile.println("This is Appended Info.");//向dataFile的结尾添加字符串信息
21 dataFile.close();//完成文件写入后关闭
22 Serial.println("Finished Appended data to SPIFFS"); 23
24 if (SPIFFS.exists(file_name)) 25 { 26 Serial.print(file_name); 27 Serial.print(" FOUND"); 28 } 29 else
30 { 31 Serial.print(file_name); 32 Serial.println(" NOT FOUND"); 33 } 34 dataFile=SPIFFS.open(file_name,"r");//读取文件内容且通过串口监视器打印出来
35 for(int i=0;i<dataFile.size();i++) 36 { 37 Serial.print((char)dataFile.read()); 38 } 39 dataFile.close();//完成文件写入后关闭
40
41 } 42
43 void loop() 44 { 45 // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
46
47 }
图4
四、查看闪存文件系统的目录下的文件
代码:
#include <FS.h> String file_name="/taichi-maker/myFile.txt";//被读取的文件位置和名称
String folder_name="/taichi-maker";//被读取的文件夹名称
void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); Serial.println(""); Serial.println("SPIFFS format start"); //SPIFFS.format();//格式化SPIFFS //Serial.println("SPIFFS format finish");
if(SPIFFS.begin()) { Serial.println("SPIFFS Started"); } else { Serial.println("SPIFFS Failed to Start"); } File dataFile=SPIFFS.open(file_name,"w");//建立File对象用于向SPIFFS中的file对象,“w”,就是写入的意思
dataFile.println("Hello Taichi-maker");//向myfile.txt写入数据
dataFile.close();//完成文件写入后关闭
Serial.println("Finished Appended data to SPIFFS"); //显示目录中文件内容以及文件大小
Dir dir =SPIFFS.openDir(folder_name);//建立“目录对象”dir
while(dir.next())//dir.next()用于检查目录中是否还有”下一个文件“
{ Serial.println(dir.fileName());//输出文件名
} } void loop() { // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
}
图5
五、从闪存文件系统中删除文件
代码
#include <FS.h> String file_name="/taichi-maker/notes.txt";//被读取的文件位置和名称
void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); Serial.println(""); Serial.println("SPIFFS format start"); //SPIFFS.format();//格式化SPIFFS //Serial.println("SPIFFS format finish");
if(SPIFFS.begin()) { Serial.println("SPIFFS Started"); } else { Serial.println("SPIFFS Failed to Start"); } if (SPIFFS.remove(file_name))//remove 函数删除note.txt文件,同时返回值
{ Serial.print(file_name); Serial.println ("remove sucess"); } else { Serial.print(file_name); Serial.println ("remove fail"); } } void loop() { // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
}
可以看到我们打印的消息显示失败了如图6,因为在我们让串口监视器显示之前,我们是按过一次复位键了,也就是说,按复位之前程序已经执行过了,所以我们再次删除一个不存在的文件是不可能成功的。为了验证我们是否成功,可以将之前读取文件夹内容的程序烧进NODEMCU。
图6
可以看到如图7所示,这说明我们成功的删除了note.txt文件了。
图7