1、加载库
import matplotlib as mpl import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
2、单层圆环饼图
# 配置字体,显示中文
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] # 配置坐标轴刻度值模式,显示负号
mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 定义数据
elements = ['面粉', '砂糖', '牛奶', '草莓酱', '坚果'] weight1 = [40, 15, 20, 10, 15] cs = ['red', 'orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'cyan'] # 对数据进行排序
x = list(zip(elements, weight1, cs)) x.sort(key=lambda e: e[1], reverse=True) [elements, weight1, cs] = list(zip(*x)) outer_cs = cs inner_cs = cs # 初始化图表区
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8), facecolor='cornsilk' ) # 绘制外层圆环
wedges1, texts1, autotexts1 = plt.pie(x=weight1, autopct='%3.1f%%', radius=1, pctdistance=0.85, startangle=90, counterclock=False, colors=outer_cs, # 锲形块边界属性字典
wedgeprops={'edgecolor': 'white', 'linewidth': 1, 'linestyle': '-' }, # 锲形块标签文本和数据标注文本的字体属性
textprops=dict(color='k', # 字体颜色
fontsize=14, family='Arial' ) ) # 绘制中心空白区域
plt.pie(x=[1], radius=0.6, colors=[fig.get_facecolor()] ) # 设置图例
plt.legend(handles=wedges1, loc='best', labels=elements, title='配料表', facecolor = fig.get_facecolor(), # 图例框的填充颜色
edgecolor='darkgray', fontsize=12 ) plt.title(s='果酱面包的配料表占比', color='blue', size=15, weight='bold' );
图形:
3、内嵌圆环形饼图
# 配置字体,显示中文
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] # 配置坐标轴刻度值模式,显示负号
mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 定义数据
elements = ['面粉', '砂糖', '牛奶', '草莓酱', '坚果'] weight1 = [40, 15, 20, 10, 15] weight2 = [30, 25, 15, 20, 10] cs = ['red', 'orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'cyan'] # 对数据进行排序
x = list(zip(elements, weight1, weight2, cs)) x.sort(key=lambda e: e[1], reverse=True) [elements, weight1, weight2, cs] = list(zip(*x)) # 初始化图表区
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8), facecolor='cornsilk' ) # 绘制外层圆环
wedges1, texts1, autotexts1 = plt.pie(x=weight1, autopct='%3.1f%%', radius=1, pctdistance=0.85, startangle=90, counterclock=False, colors=cs, # 锲形块边界属性字典
wedgeprops={'edgecolor': 'white', 'linewidth': 1, 'linestyle': '-' }, # 锲形块标签文本和数据标注文本的字体属性
textprops=dict(color='k', # 字体颜色
fontsize=14, family='Arial' ) ) # 绘制内层圆环
wedges2, texts2, autotexts2 = plt.pie(x=weight2, autopct='%3.1f%%', radius=0.7, pctdistance=0.75, startangle=90, counterclock=False, colors=inner_cs, # 锲形块边界属性字典
wedgeprops={'edgecolor': 'white', 'linewidth': 1, 'linestyle': '-' }, # 锲形块标签文本和数据标注文本的字体属性
textprops=dict(color='k', # 字体颜色
fontsize=14, family='Arial' ) ) # 绘制中心空白区域
plt.pie(x=[1], radius=0.4, colors=[fig.get_facecolor()] ) # 设置图例
plt.legend(handles=wedges1, loc='best', labels=elements, title='配料表', facecolor = fig.get_facecolor(), # 图例框的填充颜色
edgecolor='darkgray', fontsize=12 ) plt.title(s='不同果酱面包的配料表比较', color='blue', size=15, weight='bold' );
图形: