01、加载库
import numpy as np import pandas as pd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
02、示例数据
x = np.linspace(-np.pi*2, np.pi*2) y1 = np.sin(x) y2 = np.power(x, 2) * 0.05 # 指数运算
df = pd.DataFrame({'a': y1, 'b': y2}, index=x)
1、默认设置下的图形
fig = plt.figure() df.plot() plt.show()
2、设置坐标轴标签字体大小和颜色
fig = plt.figure() df.plot() plt.yticks(size=14, color='grey') plt.xticks(size=14, color='grey') plt.show()
3、更改竖轴刻度范围
fig = plt.figure() df.plot() plt.ylim(-2, 3) plt.yticks(size=14, color='grey') plt.xticks(size=14, color='grey') plt.show()
4、更换横轴刻度标签
xticks = [-2*np.pi, -3*np.pi/2, -np.pi, -np.pi/2, 0, np.pi/2, np.pi, 3*np.pi/2, 2*np.pi] xticklabes = ['-2π', '-3π/2', '-π', '-π/2', 0, 'π/2', 'π', '3π/2', '2π' ] fig = plt.figure() df.plot() plt.ylim(-2, 3) plt.yticks(size=14, color='grey') plt.xticks(xticks, xticklabes, size=14, color='grey') plt.show()
5、 移动坐标轴到中心
xticks = [-2*np.pi, -3*np.pi/2, -np.pi, -np.pi/2, 0, np.pi/2, np.pi, 3*np.pi/2, 2*np.pi] xticklabes = ['-2π', '-3π/2', '-π', '-π/2', 0, 'π/2', 'π', '3π/2', '2π' ] fig = plt.figure() df.plot() ax = plt.gca() plt.ylim(-2, 3) plt.yticks(size=14, color='grey') plt.xticks(xticks, xticklabes, size=14, color='grey') ax.spines['right'].set_color('none') ax.spines['top'].set_color('none') ax.spines['left'].set_position(('data', 0)) ax.spines['bottom'].set_position(('data', 0)) plt.show()
6、设置横轴刻度标签倾斜显示
xticks = [-2*np.pi, -3*np.pi/2, -np.pi, -np.pi/2, 0, np.pi/2, np.pi, 3*np.pi/2, 2*np.pi] xticklabes = ['-2π', '-3π/2', '-π', '-π/2', 0, 'π/2', 'π', '3π/2', '2π' ] fig = plt.figure() df.plot() ax = plt.gca() ax.spines['right'].set_color('none') ax.spines['top'].set_color('none') ax.spines['left'].set_position(('data', 0)) ax.spines['bottom'].set_position(('data', 0)) plt.ylim(-2, 3) plt.yticks(size=14, color='grey') plt.xticks(xticks, xticklabes, rotation=-30, size=14, color='grey') plt.show()
