Android开发 GridView详解

前言

 　　GridView 是Android开发用于横向排列 或者 宫格排列的 列表布局，在数据不多且Ui简单的情况下推荐使用这种布局，因为代码起来会比RecyclerView很少。

xml样板

    <GridView
        android:id="@+id/gridview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:horizontalSpacing="1dp"
        android:numColumns="3"
        android:verticalSpacing="1dp">
    </GridView>

常用的属性

android:numColumns="auto_fit" ，GridView的列数设置为自动

android:columnWidth="90dp"，每列的宽度，也就是Item的宽度

android:stretchMode="columnWidth"，缩放与列宽大小同步

NO_STRETCH	0	扩展无效
STRETCH_COLUMN_WIDTH	2	扩展列
STRETCH_SPACING	1	扩展列间的空间
STRETCH_SPACING_UNIFORM	3	均匀地扩展列间的空间

android:verticalSpacing="10dp"，两行之间的边距

android:horizontalSpacing="10dp"，两列之间的边距

 

例子1 使用ArrayAdapter

在Activity里

List<String> stringList = new ArrayList<>(); ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(this,R.layout.text_parent_select_item,stringList); gridView.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

 text_parent_select_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/name" android:layout_width="75dp" android:layout_height="37dp" android:textSize="@dimen/font_size_16" android:textColor="@color/fontBlack1" android:gravity="center" android:maxLines="1" android:background="@drawable/bg_orange_edge_rectangle"> </TextView>

 

例子2 使用SimpleAdapter

Activity类

public class MainActivity extends Activity { private GridView gridView; private List<Map<String, Object>> dataList; private SimpleAdapter adapter; //如果只有TextView 可以考虑使用ArrayAdapter 适配器，当然你也可以自定义适配器  @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); gridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridview); //初始化数据  initData(); String[] from={"img","text"}; int[] to={R.id.img,R.id.text}; adapter=new SimpleAdapter(this, dataList, R.layout.gridview_item, from, to); gridView.setAdapter(adapter); gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() { @Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int arg2, long arg3) { AlertDialog.Builder builder= new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this); builder.setTitle("提示").setMessage(dataList.get(arg2).get("text").toString()).create().show(); } }); } void initData() { //图标 int icno[] = { R.drawable.i1, R.drawable.i2, R.drawable.i3, R.drawable.i4, R.drawable.i5, R.drawable.i6, R.drawable.i7, R.drawable.i8, R.drawable.i9, R.drawable.i10, R.drawable.i11, R.drawable.i12 }; //图标下的文字 String name[]={"时钟","信号","宝箱","秒钟","大象","FF","记事本","书签","印象","商店","主题","迅雷"}; dataList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>(); for (int i = 0; i <icno.length; i++) { Map<String, Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>(); map.put("img", icno[i]); map.put("text",name[i]); dataList.add(map); } } } 

GridView主布局文件activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="#000" tools:context="com.example.l7.MainActivity" > <GridView android:id="@+id/gridview" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:columnWidth="80dp" android:stretchMode="spacingWidthUniform" android:numColumns="3" /> </LinearLayout>

列表项布局gridview_item.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" android:orientation="vertical" > <ImageView android:id="@+id/img" android:layout_width="60dp" android:layout_height="60dp" android:layout_marginTop="10dp" android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/text" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop="2dp" android:layout_gravity="center" android:textColor="#FFF" android:text="文字" /> </LinearLayout>

只显示一行的问题

格外注意！如果你是滚动布局（ListView、ScrollView等等）包裹GridView，就出现不会自动换行的问题。这个时候需要你如下自定义view。

    package com.weijie.app_user.activity.order; import android.content.Context; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.widget.GridView; public class MyGridView extends GridView { public MyGridView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); } public MyGridView(Context context) { super(context); } public MyGridView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) { super(context, attrs, defStyle); } @Override public void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { int expandSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec( Integer.MAX_VALUE >> 2, MeasureSpec.AT_MOST); super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, expandSpec); } }