Qt的通信过程如下图:
工程目录:
在工程目录中clientwidget类的添加过程,点击工程名字右键添加文件 如下:
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Tcp.pro:
#------------------------------------------------- # # Project created by QtCreator 2019-07-07T08:28:26 # #------------------------------------------------- QT += core gui network greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets TARGET = Tcp TEMPLATE = app SOURCES += main.cpp\ serverwidget.cpp \ clientwidget.cpp HEADERS += serverwidget.h \ clientwidget.h FORMS += serverwidget.ui \ clientwidget.ui CONFIG += C++11
clientwidget.h:
#ifndef CLIENTWIDGET_H #define CLIENTWIDGET_H #include <QWidget> #include <QTcpSocket>//仅需通信套接字 namespace Ui { class ClientWidget; } class ClientWidget : public QWidget { Q_OBJECT public: explicit ClientWidget(QWidget *parent = 0); ~ClientWidget(); private slots: void on_buttonConnect_clicked(); void on_buttonSend_clicked(); void on_buttonClose_clicked(); private: Ui::ClientWidget *ui; QTcpSocket *tcpSocket;//通信套接字 }; #endif // CLIENTWIDGET_H
serverwidget.h:
#ifndef SERVERWIDGET_H #define SERVERWIDGET_H #include <QWidget> //服务器需要两个套接字 #include <QTcpServer>//监听套接字 #include <QTcpSocket>//通信套接字 namespace Ui { class ServerWidget; } class ServerWidget : public QWidget { Q_OBJECT public: explicit ServerWidget(QWidget *parent = 0); ~ServerWidget(); private slots: void on_buttonSend_clicked(); void on_buttonClose_clicked(); private: Ui::ServerWidget *ui; //使用指针或者变量都是可以的,不过使用指针的话,需要动态的分配空间,(这里使用指针,锻炼一下) QTcpServer *tcpServer;//监听套接字 QTcpSocket *tcpSocket;//通信套接字 }; #endif // SERVERWIDGET_H
clientwidget.cpp:
#include "clientwidget.h" #include "ui_clientwidget.h" #include <QHostAddress> ClientWidget::ClientWidget(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::ClientWidget) { ui->setupUi(this); tcpSocket = NULL; //分配空间,指定父对象 tcpSocket = new QTcpSocket(this); connect(tcpSocket,&QTcpSocket::connected,[=](){ ui->textEditRead->setText("成功和服务器建立好连接"); }); connect(tcpSocket,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,[=](){ //获取对方发送的内容 QByteArray array = tcpSocket->readAll(); //追加到编辑区中 ui->textEditRead->append(array); }); } ClientWidget::~ClientWidget() { delete ui; } void ClientWidget::on_buttonConnect_clicked() { //获取服务器的ip和端口 QString ip = ui->lineEditIP->text(); qint16 port = ui->lineEditPort->text().toInt(); //主动和服务器建立连接 tcpSocket->connectToHost(QHostAddress(ip),port); } void ClientWidget::on_buttonSend_clicked() { //获取编辑区的内容 QString str = ui->textEditWrite->toPlainText(); //发送数据,使用套接字是tcpSocket tcpSocket->write(str.toUtf8().data()); } void ClientWidget::on_buttonClose_clicked() { if(NULL == tcpSocket) { return ; } //主动和客户端端口断开连接 tcpSocket->disconnectFromHost(); tcpSocket->close(); tcpSocket = NULL; }
main.cpp:
#include "serverwidget.h" #include <QApplication> #include "clientwidget.h" int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { QApplication a(argc, argv); ServerWidget w; w.show(); //添加的新窗口 ClientWidget w2; w2.show(); return a.exec(); }
serverwidget.cpp:
#include "serverwidget.h" #include "ui_serverwidget.h" ServerWidget::ServerWidget(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::ServerWidget) { ui->setupUi(this); tcpServer = NULL; tcpSocket = NULL; //监听套接字 指定父对象的目的,让其自动回收空间 tcpServer = new QTcpServer(this); tcpServer->listen(QHostAddress::Any,8888); setWindowTitle("服务器:8888"); connect(tcpServer,&QTcpServer::newConnection,[=](){ //取出建立好连接的的套接字 tcpSocket = tcpServer->nextPendingConnection(); //获取对方的IP和端口 QString ip = tcpSocket->peerAddress().toString(); qint16 port = tcpSocket->peerPort(); QString temp = QString("[%1:%2]:成功连接").arg(ip).arg(port); ui->textEditRead->setText(temp); /*注意这里的connect的位置,一定在建立好连接后, * 不然会出现野指针的错误,前面定义的QTcpSocket *tcpSocket; * 而程序会先从构造函数执行的,还没有执行到定义的QTcpSocket *tcpSocket指针。 */ connect(tcpSocket,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,[=](){ //从通信套接字中取出内容 QByteArray array = tcpSocket->readAll(); ui->textEditRead->append(array); }); }); } ServerWidget::~ServerWidget() { delete ui; } void ServerWidget::on_buttonSend_clicked() { if(NULL == tcpSocket) { return ; } //获取编辑区的内容 QString str = ui->textEditWrite->toPlainText(); //给对方发送数据,使用套接字是tcpSocket tcpSocket->write(str.toUtf8().data()); } void ServerWidget::on_buttonClose_clicked() { if(NULL == tcpSocket) { return ; } //主动和客户端端口断开连接 tcpSocket->disconnectFromHost(); tcpSocket->close(); tcpSocket = NULL; }
clientwidget.ui:
serverwidget.ui: