上一篇博客我介绍了Docker安装mysql服务,今天我要更新的内容是docker安装redis。。。
Docker安装redis
1.首先下载redis镜像:
docker pull redis

3.在上面创建的目录下使用命令启动redis容器
docker run -d -p 6379:6379 -v $PWD/conf/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf -v $PWD/data:/data --name docker-redis docker.io/redis redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf --appendonly yes
解释一下上面命令的意义:
-d:表示后台运行,不加-d执行上面的命令你就会看到redis启动的日志信息了
-p:表示端口映射,冒号左面的是我们的宿主机的端口,也就是我们虚拟机的端口,而右侧则表示的是mysql容器内的端口
--name:是我们给redis容器取的名字
-v:表示挂载路径,$PWD表示当前目录下,冒号左面的表示我们宿主机的挂载目录,也就是我们虚拟机所在的文件路径,冒号右边则表是的是redis容器在容器内部的路径,上面的命令我分别挂载了redis.conf(redis的配置文件),如需使用配置文件的方式启动redis,这里则需要加上,还有redis存放数据所在的目录
--appendonly yes:表示redis开启持久化策略
怎么样,是不是超级简单,哈哈哈,两步搞定~~~
redis.conf配置文件做如下配置主要是为了redis的可视化工具RedisDeskTopManager能够连接上我们用docker跑起来的redis服务
bind 0.0.0.0
protected-mode no
daemonize no
redis.conf完整配置文件
1 # Redis configuration file example. 2 # 3 # Note that in order to read the configuration file, Redis must be 4 # started with the file path as first argument: 5 # 6 # ./redis-server /path/to/redis.conf 7 8 # Note on units: when memory size is needed, it is possible to specify 9 # it in the usual form of 1k 5GB 4M and so forth: 10 # 11 # 1k => 1000 bytes 12 # 1kb => 1024 bytes 13 # 1m => 1000000 bytes 14 # 1mb => 1024*1024 bytes 15 # 1g => 1000000000 bytes 16 # 1gb => 1024*1024*1024 bytes 17 # 18 # units are case insensitive so 1GB 1Gb 1gB are all the same. 19 20 ################################## INCLUDES ################################### 21 22 # Include one or more other config files here. This is useful if you 23 # have a standard template that goes to all Redis servers but also need 24 # to customize a few per-server settings. Include files can include 25 # other files, so use this wisely. 26 # 27 # Notice option "include" won't be rewritten by command "CONFIG REWRITE" 28 # from admin or Redis Sentinel. Since Redis always uses the last processed 29 # line as value of a configuration directive, you'd better put includes 30 # at the beginning of this file to avoid overwriting config change at runtime. 31 # 32 # If instead you are interested in using includes to override configuration 33 # options, it is better to use include as the last line. 34 # 35 # include /path/to/local.conf 36 # include /path/to/other.conf 37 38 ################################## MODULES ##################################### 39 40 # Load modules at startup. If the server is not able to load modules 41 # it will abort. It is possible to use multiple loadmodule directives. 42 # 43 # loadmodule /path/to/my_module.so 44 # loadmodule /path/to/other_module.so 45 46 ################################## NETWORK ##################################### 47 48 # By default, if no "bind" configuration directive is specified, Redis listens 49 # for connections from all the network interfaces available on the server. 50 # It is possible to listen to just one or multiple selected interfaces using 51 # the "bind" configuration directive, followed by one or more IP addresses. 52 # 53 # Examples: 54 # 55 # bind 192.168.1.100 10.0.0.1 56 # bind 127.0.0.1 ::1 57 # 58 # ~~~ WARNING ~~~ If the computer running Redis is directly exposed to the 59 # internet, binding to all the interfaces is dangerous and will expose the 60 # instance to everybody on the internet. So by default we uncomment the 61 # following bind directive, that will force Redis to listen only into 62 # the IPv4 loopback interface address (this means Redis will be able to 63 # accept connections only from clients running into the same computer it 64 # is running). 65 # 66 # IF YOU ARE SURE YOU WANT YOUR INSTANCE TO LISTEN TO ALL THE INTERFACES 67 # JUST COMMENT THE FOLLOWING LINE. 68 # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 69 bind 0.0.0.0 70 71 # Protected mode is a layer of security protection, in order to avoid that 72 # Redis instances left open on the internet are accessed and exploited. 73 # 74 # When protected mode is on and if: 75 # 76 # 1) The server is not binding explicitly to a set of addresses using the 77 # "bind" directive. 78 # 2) No password is configured. 79 # 80 # The server only accepts connections from clients connecting from the 81 # IPv4 and IPv6 loopback addresses 127.0.0.1 and ::1, and from Unix domain 82 # sockets. 83 # 84 # By default protected mode is enabled. You should disable it only if 85 # you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to Redis 86 # even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces 87 # are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive. 88 protected-mode no 89 90 # Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379 (IANA #815344). 91 # If port 0 is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket. 92 port 6379 93 94 # TCP listen() backlog. 95 # 96 # In high requests-per-second environments you need an high backlog in order 97 # to avoid slow clients connections issues. Note that the Linux kernel 98 # will silently truncate it to the value of /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn so 99 # make sure to raise both the value of somaxconn and tcp_max_syn_backlog 100 # in order to get the desired effect. 101 tcp-backlog 511 102 103 # Unix socket. 104 # 105 # Specify the path for the Unix socket that will be used to listen for 106 # incoming connections. There is no default, so Redis will not listen 107 # on a unix socket when not specified. 108 # 109 # unixsocket /tmp/redis.sock 110 # unixsocketperm 700 111 112 # Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable) 113 timeout 0 114 115 # TCP keepalive. 116 # 117 # If non-zero, use SO_KEEPALIVE to send TCP ACKs to clients in absence 118 # of communication. This is useful for two reasons: 119 # 120 # 1) Detect dead peers. 121 # 2) Take the connection alive from the point of view of network 122 # equipment in the middle. 123 # 124 # On Linux, the specified value (in seconds) is the period used to send ACKs. 125 # Note that to close the connection the double of the time is needed. 126 # On other kernels the period depends on the kernel configuration. 127 # 128 # A reasonable value for this option is 300 seconds, which is the new 129 # Redis default starting with Redis 3.2.1. 130 tcp-keepalive 300 131 132 ################################# GENERAL ##################################### 133 134 # By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it. 135 # Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized. 136 daemonize no 137 138 # If you run Redis from upstart or systemd, Redis can interact with your 139 # supervision tree. Options: 140 # supervised no - no supervision interaction 141 # supervised upstart - signal upstart by putting Redis into SIGSTOP mode 142 # supervised systemd - signal systemd by writing READY=1 to $NOTIFY_SOCKET 143 # supervised auto - detect upstart or systemd method based on 144 # UPSTART_JOB or NOTIFY_SOCKET environment variables 145 # Note: these supervision methods only signal "process is ready." 146 # They do not enable continuous liveness pings back to your supervisor. 147 supervised no 148 149 # If a pid file is specified, Redis writes it where specified at startup 150 # and removes it at exit. 151 # 152 # When the server runs non daemonized, no pid file is created if none is 153 # specified in the configuration. When the server is daemonized, the pid file 154 # is used even if not specified, defaulting to "/var/run/redis.pid". 155 # 156 # Creating a pid file is best effort: if Redis is not able to create it 157 # nothing bad happens, the server will start and run normally. 158 pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid 159 160 # Specify the server verbosity level. 161 # This can be one of: 162 # debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing) 163 # verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level) 164 # notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably) 165 # warning (only very important / critical messages are logged) 166 loglevel notice 167 168 # Specify the log file name. Also the empty string can be used to force 169 # Redis to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard 170 # output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null 171 logfile "" 172 173 # To enable logging to the system logger, just set 'syslog-enabled' to yes, 174 # and optionally update the other syslog parameters to suit your needs. 175 # syslog-enabled no 176 177 # Specify the syslog identity. 178 # syslog-ident redis 179 180 # Specify the syslog facility. Must be USER or between LOCAL0-LOCAL7. 181 # syslog-facility local0 182 183 # Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select 184 # a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where 185 # dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1 186 databases 16 187 188 # By default Redis shows an ASCII art logo only when started to log to the 189 # standard output and if the standard output is a TTY. Basically this means 190 # that normally a logo is displayed only in interactive sessions. 191 # 192 # However it is possible to force the pre-4.0 behavior and always show a 193 # ASCII art logo in startup logs by setting the following option to yes. 194 always-show-logo yes 195 196 ################################ SNAPSHOTTING ################################ 197 # 198 # Save the DB on disk: 199 # 200 # save <seconds> <changes> 201 # 202 # Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given 203 # number of write operations against the DB occurred. 204 # 205 # In the example below the behaviour will be to save: 206 # after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed 207 # after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed 208 # after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed 209 # 210 # Note: you can disable saving completely by commenting out all "save" lines. 211 # 212 # It is also possible to remove all the previously configured save 213 # points by adding a save directive with a single empty string argument 214 # like in the following example: 215 # 216 # save "" 217 218 save 900 1 219 save 300 10 220 save 60 10000 221 222 # By default Redis will stop accepting writes if RDB snapshots are enabled 223 # (at least one save point) and the latest background save failed. 224 # This will make the user aware (in a hard way) that data is not persisting 225 # on disk properly, otherwise chances are that no one will notice and some 226 # disaster will happen. 227 # 228 # If the background saving process will start working again Redis will 229 # automatically allow writes again. 230 # 231 # However if you have setup your proper monitoring of the Redis server 232 # and persistence, you may want to disable this feature so that Redis will 233 # continue to work as usual even if there are problems with disk, 234 # permissions, and so forth. 235 stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes 236 237 # Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases? 238 # For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win. 239 # If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but 240 # the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys. 241 rdbcompression yes 242 243 # Since version 5 of RDB a CRC64 checksum is placed at the end of the file. 244 # This makes the format more resistant to corruption but there is a performance 245 # hit to pay (around 10%) when saving and loading RDB files, so you can disable it 246 # for maximum performances. 247 # 248 # RDB files created with checksum disabled have a checksum of zero that will 249 # tell the loading code to skip the check. 250 rdbchecksum yes 251 252 # The filename where to dump the DB 253 dbfilename dump.rdb 254 255 # The working directory. 256 # 257 # The DB will be written inside this directory, with the filename specified 258 # above using the 'dbfilename' configuration directive. 259 # 260 # The Append Only File will also be created inside this directory. 261 # 262 # Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name. 263 dir ./ 264 265 ################################# REPLICATION ################################# 266 267 # Master-Replica replication. Use replicaof to make a Redis instance a copy of 268 # another Redis server. A few things to understand ASAP about Redis replication. 269 # 270 # +------------------+ +---------------+ 271 # | Master | ---> | Replica | 272 # | (receive writes) | | (exact copy) | 273 # +------------------+ +---------------+ 274 # 275 # 1) Redis replication is asynchronous, but you can configure a master to 276 # stop accepting writes if it appears to be not connected with at least 277 # a given number of replicas. 278 # 2) Redis replicas are able to perform a partial resynchronization with the 279 # master if the replication link is lost for a relatively small amount of 280 # time. You may want to configure the replication backlog size (see the next 281 # sections of this file) with a sensible value depending on your needs. 282 # 3) Replication is automatic and does not need user intervention. After a 283 # network partition replicas automatically try to reconnect to masters 284 # and resynchronize with them. 285 # 286 # replicaof <masterip> <masterport> 287 288 # If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration 289 # directive below) it is possible to tell the replica to authenticate before 290 # starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will 291 # refuse the replica request. 292 # 293 # masterauth <master-password> 294 295 # When a replica loses its connection with the master, or when the replication 296 # is still in progress, the replica can act in two different ways: 297 # 298 # 1) if replica-serve-stale-data is set to 'yes' (the default) the replica will 299 # still reply to client requests, possibly with out of date data, or the 300 # data set may just be empty if this is the first synchronization. 301 # 302 # 2) if replica-serve-stale-data is set to 'no' the replica will reply with 303 # an error "SYNC with master in progress" to all the kind of commands 304 # but to INFO, replicaOF, AUTH, PING, SHUTDOWN, REPLCONF, ROLE, CONFIG, 305 # SUBSCRIBE, UNSUBSCRIBE, PSUBSCRIBE, PUNSUBSCRIBE, PUBLISH, PUBSUB, 306 # COMMAND, POST, HOST: and LATENCY. 307 # 308 replica-serve-stale-data yes 309 310 # You can configure a replica instance to accept writes or not. Writing against 311 # a replica instance may be useful to store some ephemeral data (because data 312 # written on a replica will be easily deleted after resync with the master) but 313 # may also cause problems if clients are writing to it because of a 314 # misconfiguration. 315 # 316 # Since Redis 2.6 by default replicas are read-only. 317 # 318 # Note: read only replicas are not designed to be exposed to untrusted clients 319 # on the internet. It's just a protection layer against misuse of the instance. 320 # Still a read only replica exports by default all the administrative commands 321 # such as CONFIG, DEBUG, and so forth. To a limited extent you can improve 322 # security of read only replicas using 'rename-command' to shadow all the 323 # administrative / dangerous commands. 324 replica-read-only yes 325 326 # Replication SYNC strategy: disk or socket. 327 # 328 # ------------------------------------------------------- 329 # WARNING: DISKLESS REPLICATION IS EXPERIMENTAL CURRENTLY 330 # ------------------------------------------------------- 331 # 332 # New replicas and reconnecting replicas that are not able to continue the replication 333 # process just receiving differences, need to do what is called a "full 334 # synchronization". An RDB file is transmitted from the master to the replicas. 335 # The transmission can happen in two different ways: 336 # 337 # 1) Disk-backed: The Redis master creates a new process that writes the RDB 338 # file on disk. Later the file is transferred by the parent 339 # process to the replicas incrementally. 340 # 2) Diskless: The Redis master creates a new process that directly writes the 341 # RDB file to replica sockets, without touching the disk at all. 342 # 343 # With disk-backed replication, while the RDB file is generated, more replicas 344 # can be queued and served with the RDB file as soon as the current child producing 345 # the RDB file finishes its work. With diskless replication instead once 346 # the transfer starts, new replicas arriving will be queued and a new transfer 347 # will start when the current one terminates. 348 # 349 # When diskless replication is used, the master waits a configurable amount of 350 # time (in seconds) before starting the transfer in the hope that multiple replicas 351 # will arrive and the transfer can be parallelized. 352 # 353 # With slow disks and fast (large bandwidth) networks, diskless replication 354 # works better. 355 repl-diskless-sync no 356 357 # When diskless replication is enabled, it is possible to configure the delay 358 # the server waits in order to spawn the child that transfers the RDB via socket 359 # to the replicas. 360 # 361 # This is important since once the transfer starts, it is not possible to serve 362 # new replicas arriving, that will be queued for the next RDB transfer, so the server 363 # waits a delay in order to let more replicas arrive. 364 # 365 # The delay is specified in seconds, and by default is 5 seconds. To disable 366 # it entirely just set it to 0 seconds and the transfer will start ASAP. 367 repl-diskless-sync-delay 5 368 369 # Replicas send PINGs to server in a predefined interval. It's possible to change 370 # this interval with the repl_ping_replica_period option. The default value is 10 371 # seconds. 372 # 373 # repl-ping-replica-period 10 374 375 # The following option sets the replication timeout for: 376 # 377 # 1) Bulk transfer I/O during SYNC, from the point of view of replica. 378 # 2) Master timeout from the point of view of replicas (data, pings). 379 # 3) Replica timeout from the point of view of masters (REPLCONF ACK pings). 380 # 381 # It is important to make sure that this value is greater than the value 382 # specified for repl-ping-replica-period otherwise a timeout will be detected 383 # every time there is low traffic between the master and the replica. 384 # 385 # repl-timeout 60 386 387 # Disable TCP_NODELAY on the replica socket after SYNC? 388 # 389 # If you select "yes" Redis will use a smaller number of TCP packets and 390 # less bandwidth to send data to replicas. But this can add a delay for 391 # the data to appear on the replica side, up to 40 milliseconds with 392 # Linux kernels using a default configuration. 393 # 394 # If you select "no" the delay for data to appear on the replica side will 395 # be reduced but more bandwidth will be used for replication. 396 # 397 # By default we optimize for low latency, but in very high traffic conditions 398 # or when the master and replicas are many hops away, turning this to "yes" may 399 # be a good idea. 400 repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no 401 402 # Set the replication backlog size. The backlog is a buffer that accumulates 403 # replica data when replicas are disconnected for some time, so that when a replica 404 # wants to reconnect again, often a full resync is not needed, but a partial 405 # resync is enough, just passing the portion of data the replica missed while 406 # disconnected. 407 # 408 # The bigger the replication backlog, the longer the time the replica can be 409 # disconnected and later be able to perform a partial resynchronization. 410 # 411 # The backlog is only allocated once there is at least a replica connected. 412 # 413 # repl-backlog-size 1mb 414 415 # After a master has no longer connected replicas for some time, the backlog 416 # will be freed. The following option configures the amount of seconds that 417 # need to elapse, starting from the time the last replica disconnected, for 418 # the backlog buffer to be freed. 419 # 420 # Note that replicas never free the backlog for timeout, since they may be 421 # promoted to masters later, and should be able to correctly "partially 422 # resynchronize" with the replicas: hence they should always accumulate backlog. 423 # 424 # A value of 0 means to never release the backlog. 425 # 426 # repl-backlog-ttl 3600 427 428 # The replica priority is an integer number published by Redis in the INFO output. 429 # It is used by Redis Sentinel in order to select a replica to promote into a 430 # master if the master is no longer working correctly. 431 # 432 # A replica with a low priority number is considered better for promotion, so 433 # for instance if there are three replicas with priority 10, 100, 25 Sentinel will 434 # pick the one with priority 10, that is the lowest. 435 # 436 # However a special priority of 0 marks the replica as not able to perform the 437 # role of master, so a replica with priority of 0 will never be selected by 438 # Redis Sentinel for promotion. 439 # 440 # By default the priority is 100. 441 replica-priority 100 442 443 # It is possible for a master to stop accepting writes if there are less than 444 # N replicas connected, having a lag less or equal than M seconds. 445 # 446 # The N replicas need to be in "online" state. 447 # 448 # The lag in seconds, that must be <= the specified value, is calculated from 449 # the last ping received from the replica, that is usually sent every second. 450 # 451 # This option does not GUARANTEE that N replicas will accept the write, but 452 # will limit the window of exposure for lost writes in case not enough replicas 453 # are available, to the specified number of seconds. 454 # 455 # For example to require at least 3 replicas with a lag <= 10 seconds use: 456 # 457 # min-replicas-to-write 3 458 # min-replicas-max-lag 10 459 # 460 # Setting one or the other to 0 disables the feature. 461 # 462 # By default min-replicas-to-write is set to 0 (feature disabled) and 463 # min-replicas-max-lag is set to 10. 464 465 # A Redis master is able to list the address and port of the attached 466 # replicas in different ways. For example the "INFO replication" section 467 # offers this information, which is used, among other tools, by 468 # Redis Sentinel in order to discover replica instances. 469 # Another place where this info is available is in the output of the 470 # "ROLE" command of a master. 471 # 472 # The listed IP and address normally reported by a replica is obtained 473 # in the following way: 474 # 475 # IP: The address is auto detected by checking the peer address 476 # of the socket used by the replica to connect with the master. 477 # 478 # Port: The port is communicated by the replica during the replication 479 # handshake, and is normally the port that the replica is using to 480 # listen for connections. 481 # 482 # However when port forwarding or Network Address Translation (NAT) is 483 # used, the replica may be actually reachable via different IP and port 484 # pairs. The following two options can be used by a replica in order to 485 # report to its master a specific set of IP and port, so that both INFO 486 # and ROLE will report those values. 487 # 488 # There is no need to use both the options if you need to override just 489 # the port or the IP address. 490 # 491 # replica-announce-ip 5.5.5.5 492 # replica-announce-port 1234 493 494 ################################## SECURITY ################################### 495 496 # Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other 497 # commands. This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust 498 # others with access to the host running redis-server. 499 # 500 # This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most 501 # people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers). 502 # 503 # Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to 504 # 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should 505 # use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break. 506 # 507 # requirepass foobared 508 509 # Command renaming. 510 # 511 # It is possible to change the name of dangerous commands in a shared 512 # environment. For instance the CONFIG command may be renamed into something 513 # hard to guess so that it will still be available for internal-use tools 514 # but not available for general clients. 515 # 516 # Example: 517 # 518 # rename-command CONFIG b840fc02d524045429941cc15f59e41cb7be6c52 519 # 520 # It is also possible to completely kill a command by renaming it into 521 # an empty string: 522 # 523 # rename-command CONFIG "" 524 # 525 # Please note that changing the name of commands that are logged into the 526 # AOF file or transmitted to replicas may cause problems. 527 528 ################################### CLIENTS #################################### 529 530 # Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default 531 # this limit is set to 10000 clients, however if the Redis server is not 532 # able to configure the process file limit to allow for the specified limit 533 # the max number of allowed clients is set to the current file limit 534 # minus 32 (as Redis reserves a few file descriptors for internal uses). 535 # 536 # Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending 537 # an error 'max number of clients reached'. 538 # 539 # maxclients 10000 540 541 ############################## MEMORY MANAGEMENT ################################ 542 543 # Set a memory usage limit to the specified amount of bytes. 544 # When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys 545 # according to the eviction policy selected (see maxmemory-policy). 546 # 547 # If Redis can't remove keys according to the policy, or if the policy is 548 # set to 'noeviction', Redis will start to reply with errors to commands 549 # that would use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue 550 # to reply to read-only commands like GET. 551 # 552 # This option is usually useful when using Redis as an LRU or LFU cache, or to 553 # set a hard memory limit for an instance (using the 'noeviction' policy). 554 # 555 # WARNING: If you have replicas attached to an instance with maxmemory on, 556 # the size of the output buffers needed to feed the replicas are subtracted 557 # from the used memory count, so that network problems / resyncs will 558 # not trigger a loop where keys are evicted, and in turn the output 559 # buffer of replicas is full with DELs of keys evicted triggering the deletion 560 # of more keys, and so forth until the database is completely emptied. 561 # 562 # In short... if you have replicas attached it is suggested that you set a lower 563 # limit for maxmemory so that there is some free RAM on the system for replica 564 # output buffers (but this is not needed if the policy is 'noeviction'). 565 # 566 # maxmemory <bytes> 567 568 # MAXMEMORY POLICY: how Redis will select what to remove when maxmemory 569 # is reached. You can select among five behaviors: 570 # 571 # volatile-lru -> Evict using approximated LRU among the keys with an expire set. 572 # allkeys-lru -> Evict any key using approximated LRU. 573 # volatile-lfu -> Evict using approximated LFU among the keys with an expire set. 574 # allkeys-lfu -> Evict any key using approximated LFU. 575 # volatile-random -> Remove a random key among the ones with an expire set. 576 # allkeys-random -> Remove a random key, any key. 577 # volatile-ttl -> Remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL) 578 # noeviction -> Don't evict anything, just return an error on write operations. 579 # 580 # LRU means Least Recently Used 581 # LFU means Least Frequently Used 582 # 583 # Both LRU, LFU and volatile-ttl are implemented using approximated 584 # randomized algorithms. 585 # 586 # Note: with any of the above policies, Redis will return an error on write 587 # operations, when there are no suitable keys for eviction. 588 # 589 # At the date of writing these commands are: set setnx setex append 590 # incr decr rpush lpush rpushx lpushx linsert lset rpoplpush sadd 591 # sinter sinterstore sunion sunionstore sdiff sdiffstore zadd zincrby 592 # zunionstore zinterstore hset hsetnx hmset hincrby incrby decrby 593 # getset mset msetnx exec sort 594 # 595 # The default is: 596 # 597 # maxmemory-policy noeviction 598 599 # LRU, LFU and minimal TTL algorithms are not precise algorithms but approximated 600 # algorithms (in order to save memory), so you can tune it for speed or 601 # accuracy. For default Redis will check five keys and pick the one that was 602 # used less recently, you can change the sample size using the following 603 # configuration directive. 604 # 605 # The default of 5 produces good enough results. 10 Approximates very closely 606 # true LRU but costs more CPU. 3 is faster but not very accurate. 607 # 608 # maxmemory-samples 5 609 610 # Starting from Redis 5, by default a replica will ignore its maxmemory setting 611 # (unless it is promoted to master after a failover or manually). It means 612 # that the eviction of keys will be just handled by the master, sending the 613 # DEL commands to the replica as keys evict in the master side. 614 # 615 # This behavior ensures that masters and replicas stay consistent, and is usually 616 # what you want, however if your replica is writable, or you want the replica to have 617 # a different memory setting, and you are sure all the writes performed to the 618 # replica are idempotent, then you may change this default (but be sure to understand 619 # what you are doing). 620 # 621 # Note that since the replica by default does not evict, it may end using more 622 # memory than the one set via maxmemory (there are certain buffers that may 623 # be larger on the replica, or data structures may sometimes take more memory and so 624 # forth). So make sure you monitor your replicas and make sure they have enough 625 # memory to never hit a real out-of-memory condition before the master hits 626 # the configured maxmemory setting. 627 # 628 # replica-ignore-maxmemory yes 629 630 ############################# LAZY FREEING #################################### 631 632 # Redis has two primitives to delete keys. One is called DEL and is a blocking 633 # deletion of the object. It means that the server stops processing new commands 634 # in order to reclaim all the memory associated with an object in a synchronous 635 # way. If the key deleted is associated with a small object, the time needed 636 # in order to execute the DEL command is very small and comparable to most other 637 # O(1) or O(log_N) commands in Redis. However if the key is associated with an 638 # aggregated value containing millions of elements, the server can block for 639 # a long time (even seconds) in order to complete the operation. 640 # 641 # For the above reasons Redis also offers non blocking deletion primitives 642 # such as UNLINK (non blocking DEL) and the ASYNC option of FLUSHALL and 643 # FLUSHDB commands, in order to reclaim memory in background. Those commands 644 # are executed in constant time. Another thread will incrementally free the 645 # object in the background as fast as possible. 646 # 647 # DEL, UNLINK and ASYNC option of FLUSHALL and FLUSHDB are user-controlled. 648 # It's up to the design of the application to understand when it is a good 649 # idea to use one or the other. However the Redis server sometimes has to 650 # delete keys or flush the whole database as a side effect of other operations. 651 # Specifically Redis deletes objects independently of a user call in the 652 # following scenarios: 653 # 654 # 1) On eviction, because of the maxmemory and maxmemory policy configurations, 655 # in order to make room for new data, without going over the specified 656 # memory limit. 657 # 2) Because of expire: when a key with an associated time to live (see the 658 # EXPIRE command) must be deleted from memory. 659 # 3) Because of a side effect of a command that stores data on a key that may 660 # already exist. For example the RENAME command may delete the old key 661 # content when it is replaced with another one. Similarly SUNIONSTORE 662 # or SORT with STORE option may delete existing keys. The SET command 663 # itself removes any old content of the specified key in order to replace 664 # it with the specified string. 665 # 4) During replication, when a replica performs a full resynchronization with 666 # its master, the content of the whole database is removed in order to 667 # load the RDB file just transferred. 668 # 669 # In all the above cases the default is to delete objects in a blocking way, 670 # like if DEL was called. However you can configure each case specifically 671 # in order to instead release memory in a non-blocking way like if UNLINK 672 # was called, using the following configuration directives: 673 674 lazyfree-lazy-eviction no 675 lazyfree-lazy-expire no 676 lazyfree-lazy-server-del no 677 replica-lazy-flush no 678 679 ############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ############################### 680 681 # By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. This mode is 682 # good enough in many applications, but an issue with the Redis process or 683 # a power outage may result into a few minutes of writes lost (depending on 684 # the configured save points). 685 # 686 # The Append Only File is an alternative persistence mode that provides 687 # much better durability. For instance using the default data fsync policy 688 # (see later in the config file) Redis can lose just one second of writes in a 689 # dramatic event like a server power outage, or a single write if something 690 # wrong with the Redis process itself happens, but the operating system is 691 # still running correctly. 692 # 693 # AOF and RDB persistence can be enabled at the same time without problems. 694 # If the AOF is enabled on startup Redis will load the AOF, that is the file 695 # with the better durability guarantees. 696 # 697 # Please check http://redis.io/topics/persistence for more information. 698 699 appendonly no 700 701 # The name of the append only file (default: "appendonly.aof") 702 703 appendfilename "appendonly.aof" 704 705 # The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk 706 # instead of waiting for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush 707 # data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP. 708 # 709 # Redis supports three different modes: 710 # 711 # no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster. 712 # always: fsync after every write to the append only log. Slow, Safest. 713 # everysec: fsync only one time every second. Compromise. 714 # 715 # The default is "everysec", as that's usually the right compromise between 716 # speed and data safety. It's up to you to understand if you can relax this to 717 # "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when 718 # it wants, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of 719 # some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting), 720 # or on the contrary, use "always" that's very slow but a bit safer than 721 # everysec. 722 # 723 # More details please check the following article: 724 # http://antirez.com/post/redis-persistence-demystified.html 725 # 726 # If unsure, use "everysec". 727 728 # appendfsync always 729 appendfsync everysec 730 # appendfsync no 731 732 # When the AOF fsync policy is set to always or everysec, and a background 733 # saving process (a background save or AOF log background rewriting) is 734 # performing a lot of I/O against the disk, in some Linux configurations 735 # Redis may block too long on the fsync() call. Note that there is no fix for 736 # this currently, as even performing fsync in a different thread will block 737 # our synchronous write(2) call. 738 # 739 # In order to mitigate this problem it's possible to use the following option 740 # that will prevent fsync() from being called in the main process while a 741 # BGSAVE or BGREWRITEAOF is in progress. 742 # 743 # This means that while another child is saving, the durability of Redis is 744 # the same as "appendfsync none". In practical terms, this means that it is 745 # possible to lose up to 30 seconds of log in the worst scenario (with the 746 # default Linux settings). 747 # 748 # If you have latency problems turn this to "yes". Otherwise leave it as 749 # "no" that is the safest pick from the point of view of durability. 750 751 no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no 752 753 # Automatic rewrite of the append only file. 754 # Redis is able to automatically rewrite the log file implicitly calling 755 # BGREWRITEAOF when the AOF log size grows by the specified percentage. 756 # 757 # This is how it works: Redis remembers the size of the AOF file after the 758 # latest rewrite (if no rewrite has happened since the restart, the size of 759 # the AOF at startup is used). 760 # 761 # This base size is compared to the current size. If the current size is 762 # bigger than the specified percentage, the rewrite is triggered. Also 763 # you need to specify a minimal size for the AOF file to be rewritten, this 764 # is useful to avoid rewriting the AOF file even if the percentage increase 765 # is reached but it is still pretty small. 766 # 767 # Specify a percentage of zero in order to disable the automatic AOF 768 # rewrite feature. 769 770 auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100 771 auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb 772 773 # An AOF file may be found to be truncated at the end during the Redis 774 # startup process, when the AOF data gets loaded back into memory. 775 # This may happen when the system where Redis is running 776 # crashes, especially when an ext4 filesystem is mounted without the 777 # data=ordered option (however this can't happen when Redis itself 778 # crashes or aborts but the operating system still works correctly). 779 # 780 # Redis can either exit with an error when this happens, or load as much 781 # data as possible (the default now) and start if the AOF file is found 782 # to be truncated at the end. The following option controls this behavior. 783 # 784 # If aof-load-truncated is set to yes, a truncated AOF file is loaded and 785 # the Redis server starts emitting a log to inform the user of the event. 786 # Otherwise if the option is set to no, the server aborts with an error 787 # and refuses to start. When the option is set to no, the user requires 788 # to fix the AOF file using the "redis-check-aof" utility before to restart 789 # the server. 790 # 791 # Note that if the AOF file will be found to be corrupted in the middle 792 # the server will still exit with an error. This option only applies when 793 # Redis will try to read more data from the AOF file but not enough bytes 794 # will be found. 795 aof-load-truncated yes 796 797 # When rewriting the AOF file, Redis is able to use an RDB preamble in the 798 # AOF file for faster rewrites and recoveries. When this option is turned 799 # on the rewritten AOF file is composed of two different stanzas: 800 # 801 # [RDB file][AOF tail] 802 # 803 # When loading Redis recognizes that the AOF file starts with the "REDIS" 804 # string and loads the prefixed RDB file, and continues loading the AOF 805 # tail. 806 aof-use-rdb-preamble yes 807 808 ################################ LUA SCRIPTING ############################### 809 810 # Max execution time of a Lua script in milliseconds. 811 # 812 # If the maximum execution time is reached Redis will log that a script is 813 # still in execution after the maximum allowed time and will start to 814 # reply to queries with an error. 815 # 816 # When a long running script exceeds the maximum execution time only the 817 # SCRIPT KILL and SHUTDOWN NOSAVE commands are available. The first can be 818 # used to stop a script that did not yet called write commands. The second 819 # is the only way to shut down the server in the case a write command was 820 # already issued by the script but the user doesn't want to wait for the natural 821 # termination of the script. 822 # 823 # Set it to 0 or a negative value for unlimited execution without warnings. 824 lua-time-limit 5000 825 826 ################################ REDIS CLUSTER ############################### 827 # 828 # ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 829 # WARNING EXPERIMENTAL: Redis Cluster is considered to be stable code, however 830 # in order to mark it as "mature" we need to wait for a non trivial percentage 831 # of users to deploy it in production. 832 # ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 833 # 834 # Normal Redis instances can't be part of a Redis Cluster; only nodes that are 835 # started as cluster nodes can. In order to start a Redis instance as a 836 # cluster node enable the cluster support uncommenting the following: 837 # 838 # cluster-enabled yes 839 840 # Every cluster node has a cluster configuration file. This file is not 841 # intended to be edited by hand. It is created and updated by Redis nodes. 842 # Every Redis Cluster node requires a different cluster configuration file. 843 # Make sure that instances running in the same system do not have 844 # overlapping cluster configuration file names. 845 # 846 # cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf 847 848 # Cluster node timeout is the amount of milliseconds a node must be unreachable 849 # for it to be considered in failure state. 850 # Most other internal time limits are multiple of the node timeout. 851 # 852 # cluster-node-timeout 15000 853 854 # A replica of a failing master will avoid to start a failover if its data 855 # looks too old. 856 # 857 # There is no simple way for a replica to actually have an exact measure of 858 # its "data age", so the following two checks are performed: 859 # 860 # 1) If there are multiple replicas able to failover, they exchange messages 861 # in order to try to give an advantage to the replica with the best 862 # replication offset (more data from the master processed). 863 # Replicas will try to get their rank by offset, and apply to the start 864 # of the failover a delay proportional to their rank. 865 # 866 # 2) Every single replica computes the time of the last interaction with 867 # its master. This can be the last ping or command received (if the master 868 # is still in the "connected" state), or the time that elapsed since the 869 # disconnection with the master (if the replication link is currently down). 870 # If the last interaction is too old, the replica will not try to failover 871 # at all. 872 # 873 # The point "2" can be tuned by user. Specifically a replica will not perform 874 # the failover if, since the last interaction with the master, the time 875 # elapsed is greater than: 876 # 877 # (node-timeout * replica-validity-factor) + repl-ping-replica-period 878 # 879 # So for example if node-timeout is 30 seconds, and the replica-validity-factor 880 # is 10, and assuming a default repl-ping-replica-period of 10 seconds, the 881 # replica will not try to failover if it was not able to talk with the master 882 # for longer than 310 seconds. 883 # 884 # A large replica-validity-factor may allow replicas with too old data to failover 885 # a master, while a too small value may prevent the cluster from being able to 886 # elect a replica at all. 887 # 888 # For maximum availability, it is possible to set the replica-validity-factor 889 # to a value of 0, which means, that replicas will always try to failover the 890 # master regardless of the last time they interacted with the master. 891 # (However they'll always try to apply a delay proportional to their 892 # offset rank). 893 # 894 # Zero is the only value able to guarantee that when all the partitions heal 895 # the cluster will always be able to continue. 896 # 897 # cluster-replica-validity-factor 10 898 899 # Cluster replicas are able to migrate to orphaned masters, that are masters 900 # that are left without working replicas. This improves the cluster ability 901 # to resist to failures as otherwise an orphaned master can't be failed over 902 # in case of failure if it has no working replicas. 903 # 904 # Replicas migrate to orphaned masters only if there are still at least a 905 # given number of other working replicas for their old master. This number 906 # is the "migration barrier". A migration barrier of 1 means that a replica 907 # will migrate only if there is at least 1 other working replica for its master 908 # and so forth. It usually reflects the number of replicas you want for every 909 # master in your cluster. 910 # 911 # Default is 1 (replicas migrate only if their masters remain with at least 912 # one replica). To disable migration just set it to a very large value. 913 # A value of 0 can be set but is useful only for debugging and dangerous 914 # in production. 915 # 916 # cluster-migration-barrier 1 917 918 # By default Redis Cluster nodes stop accepting queries if they detect there 919 # is at least an hash slot uncovered (no available node is serving it). 920 # This way if the cluster is partially down (for example a range of hash slots 921 # are no longer covered) all the cluster becomes, eventually, unavailable. 922 # It automatically returns available as soon as all the slots are covered again. 923 # 924 # However sometimes you want the subset of the cluster which is working, 925 # to continue to accept queries for the part of the key space that is still 926 # covered. In order to do so, just set the cluster-require-full-coverage 927 # option to no. 928 # 929 # cluster-require-full-coverage yes 930 931 # This option, when set to yes, prevents replicas from trying to failover its 932 # master during master failures. However the master can still perform a 933 # manual failover, if forced to do so. 934 # 935 # This is useful in different scenarios, especially in the case of multiple 936 # data center operations, where we want one side to never be promoted if not 937 # in the case of a total DC failure. 938 # 939 # cluster-replica-no-failover no 940 941 # In order to setup your cluster make sure to read the documentation 942 # available at http://redis.io web site. 943 944 ########################## CLUSTER DOCKER/NAT support ######################## 945 946 # In certain deployments, Redis Cluster nodes address discovery fails, because 947 # addresses are NAT-ted or because ports are forwarded (the typical case is 948 # Docker and other containers). 949 # 950 # In order to make Redis Cluster working in such environments, a static 951 # configuration where each node knows its public address is needed. The 952 # following two options are used for this scope, and are: 953 # 954 # * cluster-announce-ip 955 # * cluster-announce-port 956 # * cluster-announce-bus-port 957 # 958 # Each instruct the node about its address, client port, and cluster message 959 # bus port. The information is then published in the header of the bus packets 960 # so that other nodes will be able to correctly map the address of the node 961 # publishing the information. 962 # 963 # If the above options are not used, the normal Redis Cluster auto-detection 964 # will be used instead. 965 # 966 # Note that when remapped, the bus port may not be at the fixed offset of 967 # clients port + 10000, so you can specify any port and bus-port depending 968 # on how they get remapped. If the bus-port is not set, a fixed offset of 969 # 10000 will be used as usually. 970 # 971 # Example: 972 # 973 # cluster-announce-ip 10.1.1.5 974 # cluster-announce-port 6379 975 # cluster-announce-bus-port 6380 976 977 ################################## SLOW LOG ################################### 978 979 # The Redis Slow Log is a system to log queries that exceeded a specified 980 # execution time. The execution time does not include the I/O operations 981 # like talking with the client, sending the reply and so forth, 982 # but just the time needed to actually execute the command (this is the only 983 # stage of command execution where the thread is blocked and can not serve 984 # other requests in the meantime). 985 # 986 # You can configure the slow log with two parameters: one tells Redis 987 # what is the execution time, in microseconds, to exceed in order for the 988 # command to get logged, and the other parameter is the length of the 989 # slow log. When a new command is logged the oldest one is removed from the 990 # queue of logged commands. 991 992 # The following time is expressed in microseconds, so 1000000 is equivalent 993 # to one second. Note that a negative number disables the slow log, while 994 # a value of zero forces the logging of every command. 995 slowlog-log-slower-than 10000 996 997 # There is no limit to this length. Just be aware that it will consume memory. 998 # You can reclaim memory used by the slow log with SLOWLOG RESET. 999 slowlog-max-len 128 1000 1001 ################################ LATENCY MONITOR ############################## 1002 1003 # The Redis latency monitoring subsystem samples different operations 1004 # at runtime in order to collect data related to possible sources of 1005 # latency of a Redis instance. 1006 # 1007 # Via the LATENCY command this information is available to the user that can 1008 # print graphs and obtain reports. 1009 # 1010 # The system only logs operations that were performed in a time equal or 1011 # greater than the amount of milliseconds specified via the 1012 # latency-monitor-threshold configuration directive. When its value is set 1013 # to zero, the latency monitor is turned off. 1014 # 1015 # By default latency monitoring is disabled since it is mostly not needed 1016 # if you don't have latency issues, and collecting data has a performance 1017 # impact, that while very small, can be measured under big load. Latency 1018 # monitoring can easily be enabled at runtime using the command 1019 # "CONFIG SET latency-monitor-threshold <milliseconds>" if needed. 1020 latency-monitor-threshold 0 1021 1022 ############################# EVENT NOTIFICATION ############################## 1023 1024 # Redis can notify Pub/Sub clients about events happening in the key space. 1025 # This feature is documented at http://redis.io/topics/notifications 1026 # 1027 # For instance if keyspace events notification is enabled, and a client 1028 # performs a DEL operation on key "foo" stored in the Database 0, two 1029 # messages will be published via Pub/Sub: 1030 # 1031 # PUBLISH __keyspace@0__:foo del 1032 # PUBLISH __keyevent@0__:del foo 1033 # 1034 # It is possible to select the events that Redis will notify among a set 1035 # of classes. Every class is identified by a single character: 1036 # 1037 # K Keyspace events, published with __keyspace@<db>__ prefix. 1038 # E Keyevent events, published with __keyevent@<db>__ prefix. 1039 # g Generic commands (non-type specific) like DEL, EXPIRE, RENAME, ... 1040 # $ String commands 1041 # l List commands 1042 # s Set commands 1043 # h Hash commands 1044 # z Sorted set commands 1045 # x Expired events (events generated every time a key expires) 1046 # e Evicted events (events generated when a key is evicted for maxmemory) 1047 # A Alias for g$lshzxe, so that the "AKE" string means all the events. 1048 # 1049 # The "notify-keyspace-events" takes as argument a string that is composed 1050 # of zero or multiple characters. The empty string means that notifications 1051 # are disabled. 1052 # 1053 # Example: to enable list and generic events, from the point of view of the 1054 # event name, use: 1055 # 1056 # notify-keyspace-events Elg 1057 # 1058 # Example 2: to get the stream of the expired keys subscribing to channel 1059 # name __keyevent@0__:expired use: 1060 # 1061 # notify-keyspace-events Ex 1062 # 1063 # By default all notifications are disabled because most users don't need 1064 # this feature and the feature has some overhead. Note that if you don't 1065 # specify at least one of K or E, no events will be delivered. 1066 notify-keyspace-events "" 1067 1068 ############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ############################### 1069 1070 # Hashes are encoded using a memory efficient data structure when they have a 1071 # small number of entries, and the biggest entry does not exceed a given 1072 # threshold. These thresholds can be configured using the following directives. 1073 hash-max-ziplist-entries 512 1074 hash-max-ziplist-value 64 1075 1076 # Lists are also encoded in a special way to save a lot of space. 1077 # The number of entries allowed per internal list node can be specified 1078 # as a fixed maximum size or a maximum number of elements. 1079 # For a fixed maximum size, use -5 through -1, meaning: 1080 # -5: max size: 64 Kb <-- not recommended for normal workloads 1081 # -4: max size: 32 Kb <-- not recommended 1082 # -3: max size: 16 Kb <-- probably not recommended 1083 # -2: max size: 8 Kb <-- good 1084 # -1: max size: 4 Kb <-- good 1085 # Positive numbers mean store up to _exactly_ that number of elements 1086 # per list node. 1087 # The highest performing option is usually -2 (8 Kb size) or -1 (4 Kb size), 1088 # but if your use case is unique, adjust the settings as necessary. 1089 list-max-ziplist-size -2 1090 1091 # Lists may also be compressed. 1092 # Compress depth is the number of quicklist ziplist nodes from *each* side of 1093 # the list to *exclude* from compression. The head and tail of the list 1094 # are always uncompressed for fast push/pop operations. Settings are: 1095 # 0: disable all list compression 1096 # 1: depth 1 means "don't start compressing until after 1 node into the list, 1097 # going from either the head or tail" 1098 # So: [head]->node->node->...->node->[tail] 1099 # [head], [tail] will always be uncompressed; inner nodes will compress. 1100 # 2: [head]->[next]->node->node->...->node->[prev]->[tail] 1101 # 2 here means: don't compress head or head->next or tail->prev or tail, 1102 # but compress all nodes between them. 1103 # 3: [head]->[next]->[next]->node->node->...->node->[prev]->[prev]->[tail] 1104 # etc. 1105 list-compress-depth 0 1106 1107 # Sets have a special encoding in just one case: when a set is composed 1108 # of just strings that happen to be integers in radix 10 in the range 1109 # of 64 bit signed integers. 1110 # The following configuration setting sets the limit in the size of the 1111 # set in order to use this special memory saving encoding. 1112 set-max-intset-entries 512 1113 1114 # Similarly to hashes and lists, sorted sets are also specially encoded in 1115 # order to save a lot of space. This encoding is only used when the length and 1116 # elements of a sorted set are below the following limits: 1117 zset-max-ziplist-entries 128 1118 zset-max-ziplist-value 64 1119 1120 # HyperLogLog sparse representation bytes limit. The limit includes the 1121 # 16 bytes header. When an HyperLogLog using the sparse representation crosses 1122 # this limit, it is converted into the dense representation. 1123 # 1124 # A value greater than 16000 is totally useless, since at that point the 1125 # dense representation is more memory efficient. 1126 # 1127 # The suggested value is ~ 3000 in order to have the benefits of 1128 # the space efficient encoding without slowing down too much PFADD, 1129 # which is O(N) with the sparse encoding. The value can be raised to 1130 # ~ 10000 when CPU is not a concern, but space is, and the data set is 1131 # composed of many HyperLogLogs with cardinality in the 0 - 15000 range. 1132 hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000 1133 1134 # Streams macro node max size / items. The stream data structure is a radix 1135 # tree of big nodes that encode multiple items inside. Using this configuration 1136 # it is possible to configure how big a single node can be in bytes, and the 1137 # maximum number of items it may contain before switching to a new node when 1138 # appending new stream entries. If any of the following settings are set to 1139 # zero, the limit is ignored, so for instance it is possible to set just a 1140 # max entires limit by setting max-bytes to 0 and max-entries to the desired 1141 # value. 1142 stream-node-max-bytes 4096 1143 stream-node-max-entries 100 1144 1145 # Active rehashing uses 1 millisecond every 100 milliseconds of CPU time in 1146 # order to help rehashing the main Redis hash table (the one mapping top-level 1147 # keys to values). The hash table implementation Redis uses (see dict.c) 1148 # performs a lazy rehashing: the more operation you run into a hash table 1149 # that is rehashing, the more rehashing "steps" are performed, so if the 1150 # server is idle the rehashing is never complete and some more memory is used 1151 # by the hash table. 1152 # 1153 # The default is to use this millisecond 10 times every second in order to 1154 # actively rehash the main dictionaries, freeing memory when possible. 1155 # 1156 # If unsure: 1157 # use "activerehashing no" if you have hard latency requirements and it is 1158 # not a good thing in your environment that Redis can reply from time to time 1159 # to queries with 2 milliseconds delay. 1160 # 1161 # use "activerehashing yes" if you don't have such hard requirements but 1162 # want to free memory asap when possible. 1163 activerehashing yes 1164 1165 # The client output buffer limits can be used to force disconnection of clients 1166 # that are not reading data from the server fast enough for some reason (a 1167 # common reason is that a Pub/Sub client can't consume messages as fast as the 1168 # publisher can produce them). 1169 # 1170 # The limit can be set differently for the three different classes of clients: 1171 # 1172 # normal -> normal clients including MONITOR clients 1173 # replica -> replica clients 1174 # pubsub -> clients subscribed to at least one pubsub channel or pattern 1175 # 1176 # The syntax of every client-output-buffer-limit directive is the following: 1177 # 1178 # client-output-buffer-limit <class> <hard limit> <soft limit> <soft seconds> 1179 # 1180 # A client is immediately disconnected once the hard limit is reached, or if 1181 # the soft limit is reached and remains reached for the specified number of 1182 # seconds (continuously). 1183 # So for instance if the hard limit is 32 megabytes and the soft limit is 1184 # 16 megabytes / 10 seconds, the client will get disconnected immediately 1185 # if the size of the output buffers reach 32 megabytes, but will also get 1186 # disconnected if the client reaches 16 megabytes and continuously overcomes 1187 # the limit for 10 seconds. 1188 # 1189 # By default normal clients are not limited because they don't receive data 1190 # without asking (in a push way), but just after a request, so only 1191 # asynchronous clients may create a scenario where data is requested faster 1192 # than it can read. 1193 # 1194 # Instead there is a default limit for pubsub and replica clients, since 1195 # subscribers and replicas receive data in a push fashion. 1196 # 1197 # Both the hard or the soft limit can be disabled by setting them to zero. 1198 client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0 1199 client-output-buffer-limit replica 256mb 64mb 60 1200 client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60 1201 1202 # Client query buffers accumulate new commands. They are limited to a fixed 1203 # amount by default in order to avoid that a protocol desynchronization (for 1204 # instance due to a bug in the client) will lead to unbound memory usage in 1205 # the query buffer. However you can configure it here if you have very special 1206 # needs, such us huge multi/exec requests or alike. 1207 # 1208 # client-query-buffer-limit 1gb 1209 1210 # In the Redis protocol, bulk requests, that are, elements representing single 1211 # strings, are normally limited ot 512 mb. However you can change this limit 1212 # here. 1213 # 1214 # proto-max-bulk-len 512mb 1215 1216 # Redis calls an internal function to perform many background tasks, like 1217 # closing connections of clients in timeout, purging expired keys that are 1218 # never requested, and so forth. 1219 # 1220 # Not all tasks are performed with the same frequency, but Redis checks for 1221 # tasks to perform according to the specified "hz" value. 1222 # 1223 # By default "hz" is set to 10. Raising the value will use more CPU when 1224 # Redis is idle, but at the same time will make Redis more responsive when 1225 # there are many keys expiring at the same time, and timeouts may be 1226 # handled with more precision. 1227 # 1228 # The range is between 1 and 500, however a value over 100 is usually not 1229 # a good idea. Most users should use the default of 10 and raise this up to 1230 # 100 only in environments where very low latency is required. 1231 hz 10 1232 1233 # Normally it is useful to have an HZ value which is proportional to the 1234 # number of clients connected. This is useful in order, for instance, to 1235 # avoid too many clients are processed for each background task invocation 1236 # in order to avoid latency spikes. 1237 # 1238 # Since the default HZ value by default is conservatively set to 10, Redis 1239 # offers, and enables by default, the ability to use an adaptive HZ value 1240 # which will temporary raise when there are many connected clients. 1241 # 1242 # When dynamic HZ is enabled, the actual configured HZ will be used as 1243 # as a baseline, but multiples of the configured HZ value will be actually 1244 # used as needed once more clients are connected. In this way an idle 1245 # instance will use very little CPU time while a busy instance will be 1246 # more responsive. 1247 dynamic-hz yes 1248 1249 # When a child rewrites the AOF file, if the following option is enabled 1250 # the file will be fsync-ed every 32 MB of data generated. This is useful 1251 # in order to commit the file to the disk more incrementally and avoid 1252 # big latency spikes. 1253 aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes 1254 1255 # When redis saves RDB file, if the following option is enabled 1256 # the file will be fsync-ed every 32 MB of data generated. This is useful 1257 # in order to commit the file to the disk more incrementally and avoid 1258 # big latency spikes. 1259 rdb-save-incremental-fsync yes 1260 1261 # Redis LFU eviction (see maxmemory setting) can be tuned. However it is a good 1262 # idea to start with the default settings and only change them after investigating 1263 # how to improve the performances and how the keys LFU change over time, which 1264 # is possible to inspect via the OBJECT FREQ command. 1265 # 1266 # There are two tunable parameters in the Redis LFU implementation: the 1267 # counter logarithm factor and the counter decay time. It is important to 1268 # understand what the two parameters mean before changing them. 1269 # 1270 # The LFU counter is just 8 bits per key, it's maximum value is 255, so Redis 1271 # uses a probabilistic increment with logarithmic behavior. Given the value 1272 # of the old counter, when a key is accessed, the counter is incremented in 1273 # this way: 1274 # 1275 # 1. A random number R between 0 and 1 is extracted. 1276 # 2. A probability P is calculated as 1/(old_value*lfu_log_factor+1). 1277 # 3. The counter is incremented only if R < P. 1278 # 1279 # The default lfu-log-factor is 10. This is a table of how the frequency 1280 # counter changes with a different number of accesses with different 1281 # logarithmic factors: 1282 # 1283 # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+ 1284 # | factor | 100 hits | 1000 hits | 100K hits | 1M hits | 10M hits | 1285 # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+ 1286 # | 0 | 104 | 255 | 255 | 255 | 255 | 1287 # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+ 1288 # | 1 | 18 | 49 | 255 | 255 | 255 | 1289 # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+ 1290 # | 10 | 10 | 18 | 142 | 255 | 255 | 1291 # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+ 1292 # | 100 | 8 | 11 | 49 | 143 | 255 | 1293 # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+ 1294 # 1295 # NOTE: The above table was obtained by running the following commands: 1296 # 1297 # redis-benchmark -n 1000000 incr foo 1298 # redis-cli object freq foo 1299 # 1300 # NOTE 2: The counter initial value is 5 in order to give new objects a chance 1301 # to accumulate hits. 1302 # 1303 # The counter decay time is the time, in minutes, that must elapse in order 1304 # for the key counter to be divided by two (or decremented if it has a value 1305 # less <= 10). 1306 # 1307 # The default value for the lfu-decay-time is 1. A Special value of 0 means to 1308 # decay the counter every time it happens to be scanned. 1309 # 1310 # lfu-log-factor 10 1311 # lfu-decay-time 1 1312 1313 ########################### ACTIVE DEFRAGMENTATION ####################### 1314 # 1315 # WARNING THIS FEATURE IS EXPERIMENTAL. However it was stress tested 1316 # even in production and manually tested by multiple engineers for some 1317 # time. 1318 # 1319 # What is active defragmentation? 1320 # ------------------------------- 1321 # 1322 # Active (online) defragmentation allows a Redis server to compact the 1323 # spaces left between small allocations and deallocations of data in memory, 1324 # thus allowing to reclaim back memory. 1325 # 1326 # Fragmentation is a natural process that happens with every allocator (but 1327 # less so with Jemalloc, fortunately) and certain workloads. Normally a server 1328 # restart is needed in order to lower the fragmentation, or at least to flush 1329 # away all the data and create it again. However thanks to this feature 1330 # implemented by Oran Agra for Redis 4.0 this process can happen at runtime 1331 # in an "hot" way, while the server is running. 1332 # 1333 # Basically when the fragmentation is over a certain level (see the 1334 # configuration options below) Redis will start to create new copies of the 1335 # values in contiguous memory regions by exploiting certain specific Jemalloc 1336 # features (in order to understand if an allocation is causing fragmentation 1337 # and to allocate it in a better place), and at the same time, will release the 1338 # old copies of the data. This process, repeated incrementally for all the keys 1339 # will cause the fragmentation to drop back to normal values. 1340 # 1341 # Important things to understand: 1342 # 1343 # 1. This feature is disabled by default, and only works if you compiled Redis 1344 # to use the copy of Jemalloc we ship with the source code of Redis. 1345 # This is the default with Linux builds. 1346 # 1347 # 2. You never need to enable this feature if you don't have fragmentation 1348 # issues. 1349 # 1350 # 3. Once you experience fragmentation, you can enable this feature when 1351 # needed with the command "CONFIG SET activedefrag yes". 1352 # 1353 # The configuration parameters are able to fine tune the behavior of the 1354 # defragmentation process. If you are not sure about what they mean it is 1355 # a good idea to leave the defaults untouched. 1356 1357 # Enabled active defragmentation 1358 # activedefrag yes 1359 1360 # Minimum amount of fragmentation waste to start active defrag 1361 # active-defrag-ignore-bytes 100mb 1362 1363 # Minimum percentage of fragmentation to start active defrag 1364 # active-defrag-threshold-lower 10 1365 1366 # Maximum percentage of fragmentation at which we use maximum effort 1367 # active-defrag-threshold-upper 100 1368 1369 # Minimal effort for defrag in CPU percentage 1370 # active-defrag-cycle-min 5 1371 1372 # Maximal effort for defrag in CPU percentage 1373 # active-defrag-cycle-max 75 1374 1375 # Maximum number of set/hash/zset/list fields that will be processed from 1376 # the main dictionary scan 1377 # active-defrag-max-scan-fields 1000


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