python+selenium滑动式验证码解决办法
示例代码：
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*- from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains import PIL.Image as image from PIL import Image,ImageEnhance import time,re, random import requests try: from StringIO import StringIO except ImportError: from io import StringIO #爬虫模拟的浏览器头部信息 agent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:33.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/33.0" headers = { "User-Agent": agent } # 根据位置对图片进行合并还原 # filename:图片 # location_list:图片位置 #内部两个图片处理函数的介绍 #crop函数带的参数为(起始点的横坐标，起始点的纵坐标，宽度，高度） #paste函数的参数为(需要修改的图片，粘贴的起始点的横坐标，粘贴的起始点的纵坐标） def get_merge_image(filename,location_list): #打开图片文件 im = image.open(filename) #创建新的图片,大小为260*116 new_im = image.new("RGB", (260,116)) im_list_upper=[] im_list_down=[] # 拷贝图片 for location in location_list: #上面的图片 if location["y"]==-58: im_list_upper.append(im.crop((abs(location["x"]),58,abs(location["x"])+10,166))) #下面的图片 if location["y"]==0: im_list_down.append(im.crop((abs(location["x"]),0,abs(location["x"])+10,58))) new_im = image.new("RGB", (260,116)) x_offset = 0 #黏贴图片 for im in im_list_upper: new_im.paste(im, (x_offset,0)) x_offset += im.size[0] x_offset = 0 for im in im_list_down: new_im.paste(im, (x_offset,58)) x_offset += im.size[0] return new_im #对比RGB值 def is_similar(image1,image2,x,y): pass #获取指定位置的RGB值 pixel1=image1.getpixel((x,y)) pixel2=image2.getpixel((x,y)) for i in range(0,3): # 如果相差超过50则就认为找到了缺口的位置 if abs(pixel1[i]-pixel2[i])>=50: return False return True #计算缺口的位置 def get_diff_location(image1,image2): i=0 # 两张原始图的大小都是相同的260*116 # 那就通过两个for循环依次对比每个像素点的RGB值 # 如果相差超过50则就认为找到了缺口的位置 for i in range(62,260):#有人可能看不懂这个位置为什么要从62开始看最后一张图（图：3） for j in range(0,116): if is_similar(image1,image2,i,j)==False: return i #根据缺口的位置模拟x轴移动的轨迹 def get_track(length): pass list=[] #间隔通过随机范围函数来获得,每次移动一步或者两步 x=random.randint(1,3) #生成轨迹并保存到list内 while length-x>=5: list.append(x) length=length-x x=random.randint(1,3) #最后五步都是一步步移动 for i in range(length): list.append(1) return list #滑动验证码破解程序 def main(): #打开火狐浏览器 driver = webdriver.Firefox() #用火狐浏览器打开网页 driver.get("https://account.geetest.com/register") time.sleep(2) driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="captcha"]/div/div[3]/span[2]').click() time.sleep(5) driver.get_screenshot_as_file("D:/test2/滑动验证/img.jpg")#对整个页面截图 imgelement = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/a/div[1]/canvas') # 定位验证码 location = imgelement.location # 获取验证码x,y轴坐标 size = imgelement.size # 获取验证码的长宽 rangle = (int(location['x'] ), int(location['y']), int(location['x'] + size['width']), int(location['y'] + size['height'])) # 写成我们需要截取的位置坐标 i = Image.open("D:/test2/滑动验证/img.jpg") # 打开截图 i = i.convert('RGB') frame1 = i.crop(rangle) # 使用Image的crop函数，从截图中再次截取我们需要的区域 frame1.save('D:/test2/滑动验证/new.jpg') driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]').click() time.sleep(4) driver.get_screenshot_as_file("D:/test2/滑动验证/img.jpg") imgelement = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/a/div[1]/div/canvas[2]') # 定位验证码 location = imgelement.location # 获取验证码x,y轴坐标 size = imgelement.size # 获取验证码的长宽 rangle = (int(location['x'] ), int(location['y']), int(location['x'] + size['width']), int(location['y'] + size['height'])) # 写成我们需要截取的位置坐标 i = Image.open("D:/test2/滑动验证/img.jpg") # 打开截图 i = i.convert('RGB') frame2 = i.crop(rangle) # 使用Image的crop函数，从截图中再次截取我们需要的区域 frame2.save('D:/test2/滑动验证/new2.jpg') #计算缺口位置 loc=get_diff_location(frame1, frame2) print('-------------') print(loc) #找到滑动的圆球 element=driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]') location=element.location #获得滑动圆球的高度 y=location["y"] #鼠标点击元素并按住不放 print ("第一步,点击元素") ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(on_element=element).perform() time.sleep(0.15) print ("第二步，拖动元素") ActionChains(driver).move_to_element_with_offset(to_element=element, xoffset=loc + 30, yoffset=y - 445).perform() #释放鼠标 ActionChains(driver).release(on_element=element).perform() #关闭浏览器,为了演示方便,暂时注释掉. #driver.quit() #主函数入口 if __name__ == "__main__": pass main()
破解滑动验证
from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait # 等待元素加载的 from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains #拖拽 from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException, NoSuchElementException from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from PIL import Image import requests import re import random from io import BytesIO import time def merge_image(image_file,location_list): """ 拼接图片 """ im = Image.open(image_file) im.save('code.jpg') new_im = Image.new('RGB',(260,116)) # 把无序的图片 切成52张小图片 im_list_upper = [] im_list_down = [] # print(location_list) for location in location_list: # print(location['y']) if location['y'] == -58: # 上半边 im_list_upper.append(im.crop((abs(location['x']),58,abs(location['x'])+10,116))) if location['y'] == 0: # 下半边 im_list_down.append(im.crop((abs(location['x']),0,abs(location['x'])+10,58))) x_offset = 0 for im in im_list_upper: new_im.paste(im,(x_offset,0)) # 把小图片放到 新的空白图片上 x_offset += im.size[0] x_offset = 0 for im in im_list_down: new_im.paste(im,(x_offset,58)) x_offset += im.size[0] #new_im.show() return new_im def get_image(driver,div_path): ''' 下载无序的图片 然后进行拼接 获得完整的图片 :param driver: :param div_path: :return: ''' background_images = driver.find_elements_by_xpath(div_path) location_list = [] for background_image in background_images: location = {} result = re.findall('background-image: url\("(.*?)"\); background-position: (.*?)px (.*?)px;',background_image.get_attribute('style')) # print(result) location['x'] = int(result[0][1]) location['y'] = int(result[0][2]) image_url = result[0][0] location_list.append(location) image_url = image_url.replace('webp','jpg') # '替换url http://static.geetest.com/pictures/gt/579066de6/579066de6.webp' image_result = requests.get(image_url).content image_file = BytesIO(image_result) # 是一张无序的图片 image = merge_image(image_file,location_list) return image def get_track(distance): # 初速度 v=0 # 单位时间为0.2s来统计轨迹，轨迹即0.2内的位移 t=0.2 # 位移/轨迹列表，列表内的一个元素代表0.2s的位移 tracks=[] tracks_back=[] # 当前的位移 current=0 # 到达mid值开始减速 mid=distance * 7/8 print("distance",distance) global random_int random_int=8 distance += random_int # 先滑过一点，最后再反着滑动回来 while current < distance: if current < mid: # 加速度越小，单位时间的位移越小,模拟的轨迹就越多越详细 a = random.randint(2,5) # 加速运动 else: a = -random.randint(2,5) # 减速运动 # 初速度 v0 = v # 0.2秒时间内的位移 s = v0*t+0.5*a*(t**2) # 当前的位置 current += s # 添加到轨迹列表 if round(s)>0: tracks.append(round(s)) else: tracks_back.append(round(s)) # 速度已经达到v,该速度作为下次的初速度 v= v0+a*t print("tracks:",tracks) print("tracks_back:",tracks_back) print("current:",current) # 反着滑动到大概准确位置 tracks_back.append(distance-current) tracks_back.extend([-2,-5,-8,]) return tracks,tracks_back def get_distance(image1,image2): ''' 拿到滑动验证码需要移动的距离 :param image1:没有缺口的图片对象 :param image2:带缺口的图片对象 :return:需要移动的距离 ''' # print('size', image1.size) threshold = 50 for i in range(0,image1.size[0]): # 260 for j in range(0,image1.size[1]): # 160 pixel1 = image1.getpixel((i,j)) pixel2 = image2.getpixel((i,j)) res_R = abs(pixel1[0]-pixel2[0]) # 计算RGB差 res_G = abs(pixel1[1] - pixel2[1]) # 计算RGB差 res_B = abs(pixel1[2] - pixel2[2]) # 计算RGB差 if res_R > threshold and res_G > threshold and res_B > threshold: return i # 需要移动的距离 def main_check_code(driver,element): """ 拖动识别验证码 :param driver: :param element: :return: """ login_btn = driver.find_element_by_class_name('js-login') login_btn.click() element = WebDriverWait(driver, 30, 0.5).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'gt_guide_tip'))) slide_btn = driver.find_element_by_class_name('gt_guide_tip') slide_btn.click() image1 = get_image(driver, '//div[@class="gt_cut_bg gt_show"]/div') image2 = get_image(driver, '//div[@class="gt_cut_fullbg gt_show"]/div') # 图片上 缺口的位置的x坐标 # 2 对比两张图片的所有RBG像素点，得到不一样像素点的x值，即要移动的距离 l = get_distance(image1, image2) print('l=',l) # 3 获得移动轨迹 track_list = get_track(l) print('第一步,点击滑动按钮') element = WebDriverWait(driver, 30, 0.5).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'gt_slider_knob'))) ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(on_element=element).perform() # 点击鼠标左键，按住不放 import time time.sleep(0.4) print('第二步,拖动元素') for track in track_list[0]: ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=track, yoffset=0).perform() # 鼠标移动到距离当前位置（x,y） #time.sleep(0.4) for track in track_list[1]: ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=track, yoffset=0).perform() # 鼠标移动到距离当前位置（x,y） time.sleep(0.1) import time time.sleep(0.6) # ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=2, yoffset=0).perform() # 鼠标移动到距离当前位置（x,y） # ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=8, yoffset=0).perform() # 鼠标移动到距离当前位置（x,y） # ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=2, yoffset=0).perform() # 鼠标移动到距离当前位置（x,y） print('第三步,释放鼠标') ActionChains(driver).release(on_element=element).perform() time.sleep(1) def main_check_slider(driver): """ 检查滑动按钮是否加载 :param driver: :return: """ while True: try : driver.get('https://www.huxiu.com/') element = WebDriverWait(driver, 30, 0.5).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'js-login'))) if element: return element except TimeoutException as e: print('超时错误，继续') time.sleep(5) if __name__ == '__main__': try: count = 3 # 最多识别3次 driver = webdriver.Chrome() while count > 0: # 等待滑动按钮加载完成 element = main_check_slider(driver) main_check_code(driver,element) try: success_element = (By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.gt_success') # 得到成功标志 success_images = WebDriverWait(driver,3).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(success_element)) if success_images: print('成功识别！！！！！！') count = 0 import sys sys.exit() except Exception as e: print('识别错误，继续') count -= 1 time.sleep(1) else: print('too many attempt check code ') exit('退出程序') finally: driver.close()
另一参考博客: https://blog.csdn.net/yinanmo5569/article/details/81712731