使用 Eclipse 搭建一个简单的 Spring MVC 项目

本文转载自查看原文 2019-05-05 09:16 966

1. 在官网下载最新版 Eclipse 和 JDK

https://www.eclipse.org/downloads/

https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

2. 从官网下载Tomcat（Web 服务器）

http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi

下载完成后解压到任意目录即可

3. 下载 Spring MVC jar包

http://repo.spring.io/simple/libs-release-local/org/springframework/spring/

4. 下载 MySQL connector Java

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/

5.安装 MySQL 新建一个test数据库和student表，用户名为root，密码为123123，可以自己改，但是要修改applicationContext.xml配置文件，详见下文。

6. 打开Eclipse 新建动态网站项目

在Target runtime 选择New runtime

然后选择对应版本的Tomcat

点击完成即可看到新建的项目

7. 新建一个Hello World 测试一下

在 WebContent目录新建一个 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"

pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<meta charset="ISO-8859-1">

<title>Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

Hello World

</body>

</html>

现在我们运行这个文件

会让你选择一个服务器

我们新建一个服务器即可。点击完成

如无意外，可以看到

那么我们就成功的新建了一个Java Web 项目了，可以把index.jsp删掉了

8. 使用 Spring MVC 框架开发

我们将上面下载的 Jar 包复制粘贴到 \WebContent\WEB-INF\lib目录中

然后我们编写一些配置文件

在 src目录中新建applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"

default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true" >

<!--数据库数据源配置-->

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">

<!--加载驱动类-->

<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>

<!--数据库访问地址-->

<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>

<!--数据库访问用户名-->

<property name="username" value="root"></property>

<!--数据库访问密码-->

<property name="password" value="123123"></property>

</bean>

<!-- spring 提供的数据库事务管理 -->

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>

</bean>

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>

<!-- 配置javaBean实体类 -->

<bean id="studentBean" class="bean.Student">

<!--属性自动配置 -->

</bean>

<!--spring提供的数据库访问操作类 -->

<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"></bean>

<!-- dao层类 -->

<bean id="dao" class="dao.StudentDao"></bean>

<!-- 控制层类 ，这个配置无效-->

<bean id="controller" class="controller.StudentController">

<property name="dao" ref="dao"></property>

</bean>





</beans>

在 \WebContent\WEB-INF 新建springMVC-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

<!-- 自动扫描指定包下的类 -->

<context:component-scan base-package="controller" />

</beans>

在 \WebContent\WEB-INF 新建web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

<!--配置字符编码过滤器 ，由spring提供 -->

<filter>

<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>encoding</param-name>

<param-value>utf-8</param-value>

</init-param>

</filter>

<!-- 配置欢迎界面 -->

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>/all</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

<!-- 配置springmvc servlet -->

<servlet>

<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>





</web-app>

在src中新建 3个包，分别为 bean,controller,dao

然后在bean中新建Student类

package bean;

public class Student {
    private Integer id; //学生id
    private String name; //学生姓名
    private Double javaScore; //java成绩
    private Double htmlScore; //html成绩
    private Double cssScore; //css成绩
    private Double totalScore;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getJavaScore() {
        return javaScore;
    }

    public void setJavaScore(Double javaScore) {
        this.javaScore = javaScore;
    }

    public Double getHtmlScore() {
        return htmlScore;
    }

    public void setHtmlScore(Double htmlScore) {
        this.htmlScore = htmlScore;
    }

    public Double getCssScore() {
        return cssScore;
    }

    public void setCssScore(Double cssScore) {
        this.cssScore = cssScore;
    }

    public Double getTotalScore() {
        return totalScore;
    }

    public void setTotalScore(Double totalScore) {
        this.totalScore = totalScore;
    }
}

在controller中新建 StudentController类

package controller;

import bean.Student;

import dao.StudentDao;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.Model;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;


@Controller
public class StudentController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/all")
    public String queryAll(Model model) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                "applicationContext.xml");

        //从ioc容器中获取dao
        StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");

        model.addAttribute("students", dao.queryAll());

        model.addAttribute("tops", dao.topNum(3));

        return "index.jsp";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/queryByName")
    public String queryByName(String name, Model model) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                "applicationContext.xml");

        //从ioc容器中获取dao
        StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");

        model.addAttribute("students", dao.queryByName(name));

        model.addAttribute("tops", dao.topNum(3));

        return "index.jsp";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/add")
    public String addStu(String name, String javaScore, String htmlScore,
        String cssScore, Model model) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                "applicationContext.xml");

        StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");

        Student student = new Student();

        student.setName(name);

        student.setJavaScore(Double.parseDouble(javaScore));

        student.setHtmlScore(Double.parseDouble(htmlScore));

        student.setCssScore(Double.parseDouble(cssScore));

        boolean result = dao.addStu(student);

        if (result) {
            model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('添加成功！')</script>");
        }
        else {
            model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('添加成功！')</script>");
        }

        return "all";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/deleteById")
    public String deleteById(String id, Model model) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                "applicationContext.xml");

        StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");

        boolean result = dao.deleteStu(Integer.parseInt(id));

        if (result) {
            model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('删除成功！')</script>");
        }
        else {
            model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('删除成功！')</script>");
        }

        return "all";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/update")
    public String updateStu(String id, String name, String javaScore,
        String htmlScore, String cssScore, Model model) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                "applicationContext.xml");

        StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");

        Student student = new Student();

        student.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));

        student.setName(name);

        student.setJavaScore(Double.parseDouble(javaScore));

        student.setHtmlScore(Double.parseDouble(htmlScore));

        student.setCssScore(Double.parseDouble(cssScore));

        boolean result = dao.updateStu(student);

        if (result) {
            model.addAttribute("msg", msg("修改成功"));
        }
        else {
            model.addAttribute("msg", msg("修改失败"));
        }

        return "all";
    }

    public String msg(String msg) {
        return "<script>alert('" + msg + "')</script>";
    }
}

在dao中新建StudentDao类

package dao;

import bean.Student;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Types;

import java.util.List;


public class StudentDao {
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }

    public List<Student> queryAll() {
        String sql = "select id,name,javaScore,htmlScore,cssScore from student";

        //将查询结果映射到Student类中，添加到list中，并返回
        return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new StudentMapper());
    }

    public List<Student> queryByName(String name) {
        String sql = "select id,name,javaScore,htmlScore,cssScore from student where name like '%" +
            name + "%'";

        return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new StudentMapper());
    }

    public boolean addStu(Student student) {
        String sql = "insert into student(id,name,javaScore,htmlScore,cssScore) values(0,?,?,?,?)";

        return jdbcTemplate.update(sql,
            new Object[] {
                student.getName(), student.getJavaScore(),
                student.getHtmlScore(),
                
            student.getCssScore()
            },
            new int[] { Types.VARCHAR, Types.DOUBLE, Types.DOUBLE, Types.DOUBLE }) == 1;
    }

    public boolean deleteStu(Integer id) {
        String sql = "delete from student where id = ?";

        return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, id) == 1;
    }

    public boolean updateStu(Student student) {
        String sql = "update student set name=? ,javaScore=?,htmlScore = ? ,cssScore = ? where id = ?";

        Object[] stuObj = new Object[] {
                student.getName(), student.getJavaScore(),
                student.getHtmlScore(),
                
                student.getCssScore(), student.getId()
            };

        return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, stuObj) == 1;
    }

    public List<Student> topNum(int num) {
        String sql = "select id,name,javaScore+htmlScore+cssScore from student order by javaScore+htmlScore+cssScore desc ,name asc limit ?";

        return jdbcTemplate.query(sql,
            new RowMapper<Student>() {
                @Override
                public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum)
                    throws SQLException {
                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    Student student = new Student();

                    student.setId(rs.getInt(1));

                    student.setName(rs.getString(2));

                    student.setTotalScore(rs.getDouble(3));

                    return student;
                }
            }, num);
    }

    class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {
        @Override
        public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum)
            throws SQLException {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Student student = new Student();

            student.setId(rs.getInt(1));

            student.setName(rs.getString(2));

            student.setJavaScore(rs.getDouble(3));

            student.setHtmlScore(rs.getDouble(4));

            student.setCssScore(rs.getDouble(5));

            return student;
        }
    }
}

最后目录会像这个样子

现在我们在 WebContent新建 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@ taglib prefix="fn"

uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>

<%@ taglib prefix="c"

uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

<meta charset="UTF-8">

<title>学生管理</title>

</head>

<style type="text/css">

body{

text-align: center;

}

.all{

width:40%;

margin: 20px 100px;

text-align: center;

height: 300px;

float: left;



}

table{

width: 80%;

margin: 20px auto;

font-size: 14px;



overflow: auto;

}

#tab02{

width: 80%;

margin: 20px auto;

font-size: 14px;





}

table th,table td{

border-bottom: 1px #000 solid;

line-height: 23px;

}

#edit_comm{

width: 500px;

margin: 20px auto;

border-left: 3px solid #000;

display: none;

}

#add_comm{

width: 500px;

margin: 20px auto;

border-left: 3px solid #000;

}

#all_comm{

height:600px;



}

.edit_stu{

width:200px;

height: 30px;

background: #fff;

font-family: "微软雅黑 Light", "Arial Black";

font-size: 18px;

border: none;

border-bottom: 1px solid #000;

margin: 20px 10px;



}









</style>

<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">

$(function(){

$("#cancel").click(function(){

$("#add_comm").fadeIn();

$("#edit_comm").fadeOut();

})



$("input").addClass("edit_stu");

})



function refush(){

window.location.href="all";

}



function add_reg(){

var name = $("#add_edit_name").val();

var javaScore = $("#add_edit_java").val();

var htmlScore = $("#add_edit_html").val();

var cssScore=$("#add_edit_css").val();

var nameNot = name!=null&&name!='';

var javaScoreNot = javaScore!=null && javaScore != '';

var htmlScoreNot = htmlScore!=null && htmlScore !='';

var cssScoreNot = cssScore !=null && cssScore != '';



if(nameNot&&javaScoreNot&&htmlScoreNot&&cssScoreNot)

return true;

else

return false;

}



function delete_stu(id){

var result = confirm("是否删除？");

if(result)

window.location.href="deleteById?id="+id;



}

function edit_stu(id){



var name = $("#name"+id).text();

var java = $("#java"+id).text();

var html = $("#html"+id).text();

var css = $("#css"+id).text();

$("#edit_id").val( id);

$("#edit_name").val(name);

$("#edit_java").val(java);

$("#edit_html").val(html);

$("#edit_css").val(css);

$("#add_comm").fadeOut();

$("#edit_comm").fadeIn();

}



</script>

<body>

${msg }

<h1 align="center">学生管理</h1>



<div id="all_comm" class="all" >



<h2>所有学生</h2>

<table id="items" >

<tr>

<td>id</td>

<td>名称</td>

<td>java分数</td>

<td>html分数</td>

<td>css分数</td>

<td>操作</td>

</tr>



<c:forEach items="${students }" var="student" >

<tr>

<td id="id${student.id }">${student.id }</td>

<td id="name${student.id }">${student.name }</td>

<td id="java${student.id}">${student.javaScore }</td>

<td id="html${student.id }">${student.htmlScore }</td>

<td id="css${student.id}">${student.cssScore }</td>

<td ><a onclick="delete_stu(${student.id})">删除</a>|<a onclick="edit_stu(${student.id})">编辑</a></td>

</tr>

</c:forEach>



</table>

<table id="tab02">

<h2>前三名</h2>

<tr>

<td>排名</td>

<td>id</td>

<td>姓名</td>

<td>总分数</td>

</tr>

<c:forEach items="${tops }" var="student" varStatus="i">

<tr>

<td>第${i.index+1 }名</td>

<td id="id${student.id }t">${student.id }</td>

<td>${student.name }</td>

<td id="name${student.id }t">${student.totalScore }</td>

</tr>

</c:forEach>

</table>

如不显示请：<a onclick="refush()" >点此刷新</a>

</div>

<div id="add_comm" class="all">

<h2>查找学生</h2>

<form action="queryByName" method="post" >

<input type="text" placeholder="学生姓名" name="name" >

<input type="submit" value="查找学生" >

</form>

<h2 id="edit_title">添加学生</h2>

<form action="add" method="post" >

<input type="text" placeholder="学生姓名" name="name" />

<input type="text" placeholder="java成绩" name="javaScore" />

<input type="text" placeholder="html成绩" name="htmlScore" />

<input type="text" placeholder="css成绩" name="cssScore" />

<input type="submit" value="确定添加" />

</form>

</div>

<div id="edit_comm" class="all">

<h2 id="edit_title">编辑学生</h2>

<form action="update" method="post">

<input type="text" placeholder="要修改的id为" id="edit_id" name="id" value="要修改的id为" readonly="readonly"/><br>

<input type="text" placeholder="学生姓名" id="edit_name" name="name" />

<input type="text" placeholder="java成绩" id="edit_java" name="javaScore" >

<input type="text" placeholder="html成绩" id="edit_html" name="htmlScore" />

<input type="text" placeholder="css成绩" id="edit_css" name="cssScore" />

<input type="submit" value="确定修改" />

<input type="button" value="取消修改" id="cancel" class="edit_stu"/>

</form>

</div>

</body>

</html>

在 WebConntent 新建 login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1 align="center"><a href="all">进入主页</a></h1>

</body>

</html>

8. 运行 login.jsp

如无意外，可以进入到

代码中包含了简单的数据库增删查改操作，还有简单的mapping演示。

参考文章：http://www.zhimengzhe.com/shujuku/MySQL/334084.html

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