示例文件内容如下:
Hello
World
Python
通常来讲,我们如果只是迭代文件对象每一行,并做一些处理,是不需要将文件对象转成列表的,因为文件对象本身可迭代,而且是按行迭代:
with open('somefile', 'r') as f: for line in f: print(line, end='') """ Hello World Python """
转换为列表进行操作
- 包含换行符
- 方式一
with open('somefile','r') as f: content = list(f) print(content) """ ['Hello\n', 'World\n', 'Python'] """
- 方式二
with open('somefile','r') as f: content = f.readlines() print(content) """ ['Hello\n', 'World\n', 'Python'] """
其中,content结果都是没有去掉每一行行尾的换行符的(somefile.txt文件中最后一行本来就没有换行符)
- 去掉换行符
- 方式一
with open('somefile','r') as f: content = f.read().splitlines() print(content) """ ['Hello', 'World', 'Python'] """
- 方式二
with open('somefile','r') as f: content = [line.rstrip('\n') for line in f] print(content) """ ['Hello', 'World', 'Python'] """
其中,content结果都是去掉每一行行尾的换行符
- 去掉行首行尾的空白字符
with open('somefile','r') as f: content = [line.strip() for line in f] print(content)
按行读取文件内容并得到当前行号
文件对象是可迭代的(按行迭代),使用enumerate()即可在迭代的同时,得到数字索引(行号),enumerate()的默认数字初始值是0,如需指定1为起始,可以设置其第二个参数:
with open('somefile', 'r') as f: for number, line in enumerate(f,start=1): print(number, line, end='') """ 1 Hello 2 World 3 Python """
