1.4 docker修改启动脚本文件和镜像，并启动脚本

一、基本命令

一）删除所有容器

docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)

 

二）重新启动时，提示容器报错

docker服务启动时定义的自定义链DOCKER由于某种原因被清掉
重启docker服务及可重新生成自定义链DOCKER

 

[root@itpux etc]# docker start 6d0b96df3c52
Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint awesome_hoover (54da8ce69cde498f99898d84493d89d7a8303ccc5479eb383e03402496bbac60): iptables failed: iptables --wait -t nat -A DOCKER -p tcp -d 0/0 --dport 8082 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.17.0.2:80 ! -i docker0: iptables: No chain/target/match by that name.
 (exit status 1)
Error: failed to start containers: 6d0b96df3c52
[root@itpux etc]# 

 解决方法：

systemctl restart docker

  

二、启动容器，并进入容器

[root@itpux etc]# docker start 6d0b96df3c52
6d0b96df3c52
[root@itpux etc]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
6d0b96df3c52        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon off"   5 minutes ago       Up 11 seconds       0.0.0.0:8082->80/tcp   awesome_hoover
[root@itpux etc]# docker exec -it 6d0b96df3c52 /bin/bash
root@6d0b96df3c52:/#  

 三、创建镜像

一）确定目录，创建nginx目录

[root@itpux nginx]# pwd
/usr/share/nginx
[root@itpux nginx]# 

 

二）创建并修改配置文件

vi Dockerfile 

 在此文件中插入如下参数：

FROM nginx
RUN echo '<h1>hello,docker</h1>' > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

 

三）错误，原因文件配置错误

[root@itpux nginx]# docker build -t='mynginx' .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB
Step 1 : M 
Unknown instruction: M

 四）按第一步修改配置后，正确镜像如下

[root@itpux nginx]# docker build -t='mynginx' .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB
Step 1 : M 
Unknown instruction: M
[root@itpux nginx]# vi Dockerfile 
[root@itpux nginx]# docker build -t='mynginx' .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB
Step 1 : FROM nginx
 ---> dbfc48660aeb
Step 2 : RUN echo '<h1>hello,docker</h1>' > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
 ---> Running in 69dd60cb39a4
 ---> 904dd77518e4
Removing intermediate container 69dd60cb39a4
Successfully built 904dd77518e4
[root@itpux nginx]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
542f9991ac9a        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon off"   2 minutes ago       Up 2 minutes        0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp   admiring_bardeen
[root@itpux nginx]# docker images 
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mynginx             latest              904dd77518e4        26 seconds ago      109.1 MB
nginx               latest              dbfc48660aeb        9 days ago          109.1 MB
[root@itpux nginx]# 

 五）删除原容器，创建镜像的新容器（新容器增加了脚本）

[root@itpux nginx]# cat Dockerfile 
FROM nginx
RUN echo '<h1>hello,docker</h1>' > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
[root@itpux nginx]# docker run -d -p 8080:80 542f9991ac9a
Unable to find image '542f9991ac9a:latest' locally
Pulling repository docker.io/library/542f9991ac9a
docker: Error: image library/542f9991ac9a:latest not found.
See 'docker run --help'.
[root@itpux nginx]# docker exec -it 542f9991ac9a /bin/bash
root@542f9991ac9a:/# exit                                                                                                                                            
exit
[root@itpux nginx]# docker rm -f 542f9991ac9a
542f9991ac9a
[root@itpux nginx]# docker images 
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mynginx             latest              904dd77518e4        6 minutes ago       109.1 MB
nginx               latest              dbfc48660aeb        9 days ago          109.1 MB
[root@itpux nginx]# docker run -d -p 8080:80 --name mynginx 904dd77518e4
9388547b870e5a2a3d6f5676e011f551bbab4594d537b1385670d5aa0b508e43
[root@itpux nginx]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
9388547b870e        904dd77518e4        "nginx -g 'daemon off"   7 seconds ago       Up 4 seconds        0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp   mynginx
[root@itpux nginx]# 

 输出结果如下：