最近项目中有播放视频的需求,技术选型采用UMS播放器,免费版只能播放FLV格式的视频文件,因此需要对用户上传的视频进行格式转换,转换工具为FormatFactory,功能还是比较强大的。但是面临的一个问题,视频转换是非常耗时的,上传完直接转换是没法接受的,于是决定采用quartz,以任务调度的方式,在后台进行转换,具体步骤如下:
1.定义一个任务队列,将待转换的视频文件信息放到队列中。采用单例模式,并且考虑到线程安全问题,采用线程安全的Vector作为队列容器:
/** * 格式转换任务队列 * 队列中放的是ResourceInfo类型对象 * @author Administrator * */ public class TransformTaskQueue {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> TransformTaskQueue instance = <span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">实际存放转换对象信息的队列,采用线程安全的Vercor容器</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> Vector<ResourceInfo> taskQueue = <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> Vector<ResourceInfo><span style="color: #000000;">(); </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span><span style="color: #000000;"> TransformTaskQueue getInstance() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> (instance == <span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;">) { instance </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> TransformTaskQueue(); } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> instance; } </span><span style="color: #008000;">/**</span><span style="color: #008000;"> * 向队列中添加对象 * </span><span style="color: #808080;">@param</span><span style="color: #008000;"> info </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> add(ResourceInfo info) { taskQueue.add(info); } </span><span style="color: #008000;">/**</span><span style="color: #008000;"> * 从队列中删除对象 * </span><span style="color: #808080;">@param</span><span style="color: #008000;"> info </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> remove(ResourceInfo info) { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(taskQueue.size()>0 &&<span style="color: #000000;"> taskQueue.contains(info)){ taskQueue.remove(info); } }
}
2.用户上传视频文件之后,后台进行判断,如果不是flv格式,则将文件转换所需信息封装到ResuorceInfo对象,将该对象放入待转换队列:
// 如果源视频文件存在,则进行相应的转换,转换为FLV文件 if (new File(TransConfig.VIDEO_SOURCE_ROOT + path + fileName).exists()) {ResourceInfo info </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> ResourceInfo(); info.setResourceId(resourceId); info.setPath(path); info.setFileName(fileName); info.setStatus(</span>0<span style="color: #000000;">); </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 添加到转换队列</span>
TransformTaskQueue.add(info);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;"> { System.out.println(</span>"源文件不存在!"<span style="color: #000000;">); }</span></pre>
3.执行单个具体文件转换的操作类代码如下:
/** * 执行具体转换操作的类, * 采用多线程技术,继承了runnable接口 * @author Administrator * */ public class TransformExecutor implements Runnable,Serializable{</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">final</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">long</span> serialVersionUID = 1L<span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> ResourceInfo info = <span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;"> ; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> TransformExecutor(ResourceInfo info){ </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">this</span>.info =<span style="color: #000000;"> info; } @Override </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> run() { String resourceId </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> info.getResourceId(); String path </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> info.getPath(); String fileName </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> info.getFileName(); String videoFilename </span>= TransConfig.VIDEO_SOURCE_ROOT +<span style="color: #000000;"> path </span>+<span style="color: #000000;"> fileName; String flvFilename </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> path </span>+ FileUtil.getFilePrefix(fileName) + ".flv"<span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 转换成功,修改数据库中的is_transed字段为1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> (Video2FLVTransfer.transform(videoFilename, flvFilename) == 1<span style="color: #000000;">) { CRUDUtil.update(resourceId, </span>1<span style="color: #000000;">); } </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 转换失败,修改数据库中的is_transed字段为2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;"> { CRUDUtil.update(resourceId, </span>2<span style="color: #000000;">); } </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 将resourceInfo从转换队列中去除</span>
TransformTaskQueue.remove(info);
}
}
4.下面是开启多线程转换的操作类,采用线程池技术,因为转换视频文件格式工作量比较大,因此规定每次最多开启3个线程:
/** * 转换执行器服务类 * @author Administrator * */ public class TransExecutorService {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">final</span><span style="color: #000000;"> ExecutorService pool; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span><span style="color: #000000;"> TransExecutorService instance; </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">线程池大小,即每次最多允许开启几个线程执行转换操作</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">final</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span> THREAD_SIZE = 3<span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span><span style="color: #000000;"> TransExecutorService getInstance() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> (instance == <span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;">) { instance </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> TransExecutorService(); } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> instance; } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> TransExecutorService() {
// pool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(THREAD_SIZE);
}</span><span style="color: #008000;">/**</span><span style="color: #008000;"> * 开启新线程,执行转换操作 * </span><span style="color: #808080;">@param</span><span style="color: #008000;"> info </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> execute(ResourceInfo info) { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">try</span><span style="color: #000000;"> { pool.submit(</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> TransformExecutor(info)); } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">catch</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">synchronized</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> shutdown() { pool.shutdown(); }
}
5.调度任务实现类,即每次执行调度,执行的操作
/** * 调度任务具体执行类 * @author Administrator * */ public class TransformJob implements Job {@Override </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span> execute(JobExecutionContext ctx) <span style="color: #0000ff;">throws</span><span style="color: #000000;"> JobExecutionException { </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">获取当前待转换视频文件队列</span> Vector<ResourceInfo> infos =<span style="color: #000000;"> TransformTaskQueue.getInstance().taskQueue; System.out.println(</span>"size:"+<span style="color: #000000;">infos.size()); </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">如果任务队列中存在待转换对象,则进行转换</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> (infos.size() > 0<span style="color: #000000;">) { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> (<span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span> i=0;i<infos.size();i++<span style="color: #000000;">) { </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">status为0,表示不是正在转换中的</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> (infos.get(i).getStatus() == 0<span style="color: #000000;">) { infos.get(i).setStatus(</span>1<span style="color: #000000;">); </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">新开线程,执行转换操作</span>
TransExecutorService.getInstance().execute(infos.get(i));
}
}
}
}}
6.任务调度管理类,规定了调度执行的一些规则,其中定时表达式请自行网上搜索,这里采用的是每10秒执行一次。
/** * 格式转换任务调度管理类 * * @author Administrator * */ public class SchedulManager {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> SchedulManager instance = <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> SchedulManager(); </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Scheduler scheduler; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">volatile</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">boolean</span> start = <span style="color: #0000ff;">false</span><span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> SchedulManager() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">try</span><span style="color: #000000;"> { SchedulerFactory factory </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> StdSchedulerFactory(); scheduler </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> factory.getScheduler(); } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">catch</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (SchedulerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span><span style="color: #000000;"> SchedulManager getInstance() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> instance; } </span><span style="color: #008000;">/**</span><span style="color: #008000;"> * 开始执行,将加载调度配置并启动每个调度。 * * @注意: 一般在程序启动时调用该方法。 </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> execute() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">try</span><span style="color: #000000;"> { </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 加载调度配置,并启动每个调度。</span>
scheduleJobs();
scheduler.start();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}</span><span style="color: #008000;">/**</span><span style="color: #008000;"> * 加载调度配置并启动每个调度 * * @注意: TODO </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span><span style="color: #000000;"> @SuppressWarnings(</span>"static-access"<span style="color: #000000;">) </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> scheduleJobs() { Vector</span><ResourceInfo> infos =<span style="color: #000000;"> TransformTaskQueue.getInstance().taskQueue; System.out.println(</span>"size:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> infos.size()); </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> (infos.size() > 0<span style="color: #000000;">) { start(); } start </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff;">true</span><span style="color: #000000;">; } </span><span style="color: #008000;">/**</span><span style="color: #008000;"> * 根据ResourceInfo启动一个调度 * * @注意: 内部方法,外部不能调用 * </span><span style="color: #808080;">@param</span><span style="color: #008000;"> ResourceInfo * 资源信息 </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> start() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">try</span><span style="color: #000000;"> { </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> String id = info.getResourceId(); </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 构造方法中 第一个是任务名称 ,第二个是任务组名,第三个是任务执行的类</span> JobDetail jobDetail = <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> JobDetail("video_trans_id"<span style="color: #000000;">, Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, TransformJob.</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span><span style="color: #000000;">); String cronExpr </span>= "0/10 * * * * ?"<span style="color: #000000;">; String triggerName </span>= "video_trans_trigger"<span style="color: #000000;">; Trigger trigger </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> CronTrigger(triggerName, Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, cronExpr); scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger); } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">catch</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Exception e) { System.out.println(</span>"出错"<span style="color: #000000;">); e.printStackTrace(); } } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> init() { SchedulManager sm </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> SchedulManager.getInstance(); </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> sm.start(info); </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> sm.scheduleJobs();</span>
sm.start();
try {
sm.scheduler.start();
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
7.通过上述6个步骤,已经可以通过quartz以任务调度的形式来进行格式转换了,接下来的问题,是写一个listener类,以实现在服务器启动的时候,任务调度自动启动。
首先需要在web.xml中加入如下配置:
<listener> <listener-class>com.yunda.web.EventTransformStartupListener</listener-class> </listener>
之后就是实现配置文件中的实现监听功能的类,非常简单,就是调用SchedulManager中的init()方法即可,代码如下:
public class EventTransformStartupListener implements ServletContextListener {@Override </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) { } @Override </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) { System.out.println(</span>"init..."<span style="color: #000000;">); SchedulManager sm </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> SchedulManager.getInstance(); </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">sm.start(info);</span>
sm.init();
}
}
至此,后台进行格式转换的功能全部完成,通过做这个功能,发现quartz采用的任务调度机制,跟linux的crontab差不多,也是采用定时扫描的方法来完成,连定时表达式的规则都长的差不多。先写这么多吧,就是学习了quartz和多线程的简单用法,留个笔记,以便日后深究^_^