ssm整合shiro（登录验证）

Apache Shiro是一款强大、灵活的开源安全管理框架，以十分优雅的方式处理authentication（身份验证）、authorization（授权）、enterprise session（企业会话）和cryptography（加密）。

Apache Shiro的首要目标就是易于上手和容易理解。在软件中，安全管理有时会非常复杂、痛苦，但Apache Shiro会让它变得非常简单。下面是Apache Shiro可以做的事：

• 鉴别用户身份
• 管理用户权限，例如：判断用户是否有某一角色或用户是否被允许做某一操作
• 即使没有web或EJB容器，也可以使用session API
• 在鉴别用户身份时、权限管理时或session生命周期内进行一些操作
• 可以聚合一个或多个用户权限数据源并且以用户视图的形式统一表现出来
• 实现了单点登录功能（SSO）
• 无需登录便可实现“记住我”这一功能

shiro的四大核心部分：Authentication（身份验证）、Authorization（授权）、Session Management(会话管理)、cryptography（加密）

shiro的三个核心组件：　　　　　

　　　　　　Subject ：正与系统进行交互的人，或某一个第三方服务。所有 Subject 实例都被绑定到（且这是必须的）一个SecurityManager 上。

　　　　　　SecurityManager：Shiro 架构的心脏，用来协调内部各安全组件，管理内部组件实例，并通过它来提供安全管理的各种服务。当 Shiro 与一个 Subject 进行交互时，实质上是幕后的 SecurityManager 处理所有繁重的 Subject 安全操作。

　　　　　　Realms ：本质上是一个特定安全的 DAO。当配置 Shiro 时，必须指定至少一个 Realm 用来进行身份验证和/或授权。Shiro 提供了多种可用的 Realms 来获取安全相关的数据。如关系数据库(JDBC)，INI 及属性文件等。可以定义自己 Realm 实现来代表自定义的数据源。

导入jar包：

　　　　　<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>

配置web.xml，shiro过滤器：

<!-- 配置 Shiro 的 Filter -->
    <filter>
        <description>shiro 权限拦截</description>
        <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

创建spring-shiro.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd">
    <!-- 启用shrio授权注解拦截方式 -->
    <bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
        <!-- 装配 securityManager -->
        <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" />
        <!-- 配置登陆页面 -->
        <property name="loginUrl" value="/user/login" />
        <!-- 登陆成功后的一面 -->
        <property name="successUrl" value="/md5/index" />
        <property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/user/unauthorized" />
        <!-- 具体配置需要拦截哪些 URL, 以及访问对应的 URL 时使用 Shiro 的什么 Filter 进行拦截. -->
        <property name="filterChainDefinitions">
            <value>
                /user/login = anon
                /user/register = anon
                /user/doRegister = anon
                /user/doLogin = anon
                /user/unauthorized = anon
                /md5/list = authc
                /md5/index = authc
                /logout = logout
            </value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置缓存管理器 -->
    <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManager">
        <!-- 指定 ehcache 的配置文件 -->
        <property name="cacheManagerConfigFile" value="classpath:ehcache-shiro.xml" />
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置进行授权和认证的 Realm -->
    <bean id="myRealm" class="com.cn.hnust.util.ShiroRealm"></bean>
    <!-- 配置 Shiro 的 SecurityManager Bean. -->
    <bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
        <property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" />
        <property name="realm" ref="myRealm" />
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置 Bean 后置处理器: 会自动的调用和 Spring 整合后各个组件的生命周期方法. -->
    <bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" 
        class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor">
    </bean>
</beans>

anon是不需要验证

authc是需要验证才能使用

然后就可以将web.xml中contextConfigLocationg的值改成spring-*.xml

在resource文件夹下面添加ehcache-shiro.xml，

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  ~ or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
  ~ distributed with this work for additional information
  ~ regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
  ~ to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
  ~ "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
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  ~
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  ~ "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
  ~ KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
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  ~ under the License.
  -->

<!-- EhCache XML configuration file used for Shiro spring sample application -->
<ehcache>

    <!-- Sets the path to the directory where cache .data files are created.

If the path is a Java System Property it is replaced by
its value in the running VM.

The following properties are translated:
user.home - User's home directory
user.dir - User's current working directory
java.io.tmpdir - Default temp file path -->
    <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir/shiro-spring-sample"/>


    <!--Default Cache configuration. These will applied to caches programmatically created through
    the CacheManager.

    The following attributes are required:

    maxElementsInMemory            - Sets the maximum number of objects that will be created in memory
    eternal                        - Sets whether elements are eternal. If eternal,  timeouts are ignored and the
                                     element is never expired.
    overflowToDisk                 - Sets whether elements can overflow to disk when the in-memory cache
                                     has reached the maxInMemory limit.

    The following attributes are optional:
    timeToIdleSeconds              - Sets the time to idle for an element before it expires.
                                     i.e. The maximum amount of time between accesses before an element expires
                                     Is only used if the element is not eternal.
                                     Optional attribute. A value of 0 means that an Element can idle for infinity.
                                     The default value is 0.
    timeToLiveSeconds              - Sets the time to live for an element before it expires.
                                     i.e. The maximum time between creation time and when an element expires.
                                     Is only used if the element is not eternal.
                                     Optional attribute. A value of 0 means that and Element can live for infinity.
                                     The default value is 0.
    diskPersistent                 - Whether the disk store persists between restarts of the Virtual Machine.
                                     The default value is false.
    diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds- The number of seconds between runs of the disk expiry thread. The default value
                                     is 120 seconds.
    memoryStoreEvictionPolicy      - Policy would be enforced upon reaching the maxElementsInMemory limit. Default
                                     policy is Least Recently Used (specified as LRU). Other policies available -
                                     First In First Out (specified as FIFO) and Less Frequently Used
                                     (specified as LFU)
    -->

    <defaultCache
            maxElementsInMemory="10000"
            eternal="false"
            timeToIdleSeconds="120"
            timeToLiveSeconds="120"
            overflowToDisk="false"
            diskPersistent="false"
            diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"
            />

    <!-- We want eternal="true" (with no timeToIdle or timeToLive settings) because Shiro manages session
expirations explicitly.  If we set it to false and then set corresponding timeToIdle and timeToLive properties,
ehcache would evict sessions without Shiro's knowledge, which would cause many problems
(e.g. "My Shiro session timeout is 30 minutes - why isn't a session available after 2 minutes?"
Answer - ehcache expired it due to the timeToIdle property set to 120 seconds.)

diskPersistent=true since we want an enterprise session management feature - ability to use sessions after
even after a JVM restart.  -->
    <cache name="shiro-activeSessionCache"
           maxElementsInMemory="10000"
           eternal="true"
           overflowToDisk="true"
           diskPersistent="true"
           diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="600"/>

    <cache name="org.apache.shiro.realm.SimpleAccountRealm.authorization"
           maxElementsInMemory="100"
           eternal="false"
           timeToLiveSeconds="600"
           overflowToDisk="false"/>

</ehcache>

接下来是写ShiroRealm类（继承AuthorizingRealm）：

package com.cn.hnust.util;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.hash.Md5Hash;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;

import com.cn.hnust.dao.IUserDao;
import com.cn.hnust.entity.User;

public class ShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm{
	@Resource
	private IUserDao userDao;

	String pass;
	/**
	 * 授权
	 */
	@Override
	protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
		SimpleAuthorizationInfo info=new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
		Object principal = principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();
		if("admin".equals(principal)){
			info.addRole("admin");
		}
		if("user".equals(principal)){
			info.addRole("list");
		}
		info.addRole("user");
		return info;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 用户验证
	 */
	@Override
	protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
		//1. token 中获取登录的 username! 注意不需要获取password.
        Object principal = token.getPrincipal();
                
        //2. 利用 username 查询数据库得到用户的信息. 
        User user=userDao.getByUserName((String)principal);
        if(user!=null){
            pass=user.getPassword();
        }
   
        //当前 Realm 的name
        String realmName = getName();
        //返回值实例化
        SimpleAuthenticationInfo info = 
                new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(principal, pass, realmName);
        
        return info;
	}

}

　接下来是controller：

@RequestMapping(value="/doLogin",method={RequestMethod.POST})
	public @ResponseBody String doLogin(HttpServletRequest request,Map<String, Object> dataMap){
		String username=request.getParameter("username");
		String password=Md5Utils.getMD5_32bits(request.getParameter("password"));
		Subject subject=SecurityUtils.getSubject();
		
		UsernamePasswordToken token=new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
		try{
			subject.login(token);
		}catch(AuthenticationException e){
			System.out.println("登录失败："+e.getMessage());
			return "0";
		}
		
		return "1";
	}

关于Md5Utils:

package com.cn.hnust.util;

import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

public class Md5Utils {
	
	public static String getMD5_16bits(String str) {
		return getMD5_32bits(str).substring(8, 24);
	}
	
	public static String getMD5_32bits(String str) {
		if(str == null || str.equals("")){
			throw new BusinessException("md5加密内容不能为空");
		}
		MessageDigest md=null;
		try {
			md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
			byte[] md5Bytes = md.digest(str.getBytes());
			StringBuffer hexValue = new StringBuffer();
			for (int i = 0; i < md5Bytes.length; i++) {
				int val = ((int) md5Bytes[i]) & 0xff;
				if (val < 16)
					hexValue.append("0");
				hexValue.append(Integer.toHexString(val));
			}
			str = hexValue.toString();
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return str;
	}

}