概念了解
主从结构：在一个集群中，会有部分节点充当主服务器的角色，其他服务器都是从服务器的角色，当前这种架构模式叫做主从结构。
主从结构分类：
1、一主多从
2、多主多从
Hadoop中的HDFS和YARN都是主从结构，主从结构中的主节点和从节点有多重概念方式：
1、主节点 从节点
2、master slave
3、管理者 工作者
4、leader follower
Hadoop集群中各个角色的名称：
| 服务 | 主节点 | 从节点 |
| HDFS | NameNode | DataNode |
| YARN | ResourceManager | NodeManager |
集群服务器规划
使用4台CentOS-6.7虚拟机进行集群搭建
软件安装步骤概述
1、获取安装包
2、解压缩和安装
3、修改配置文件
4、初始化，配置环境变量，启动，验证
Hadoop安装
1、规划
规划安装用户：hadoop
规划安装目录：/home/hadoop/apps
规划数据目录：/home/hadoop/data
注：apps和data文件夹需要自己单独创建
2、上传解压缩
注：使用hadoop用户
[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ ls hadoop-2.7.5-centos-6.7.tar.gz [hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ tar -zxvf hadoop-2.7.5-centos-6.7.tar.gz
3、修改配置文件
配置文件目录：/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/etc/hadoop
A. hadoop-env.sh
[hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ vi hadoop-env.sh
修改JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_73
B. core-site.xml
[hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ vi core-site.xml
fs.defaultFS ： 这个属性用来指定namenode的hdfs协议的文件系统通信地址，可以指定一个主机+端口，也可以指定为一个namenode服务（这个服务内部可以有多台namenode实现ha的namenode服务
hadoop.tmp.dir : hadoop集群在工作的时候存储的一些临时文件的目录
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://hadoop1:9000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/home/hadoop/data/hadoopdata</value>
</property>
</configuration>
C. hdfs-site.xml
[hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ vi hdfs-site.xml
dfs.namenode.name.dir：namenode数据的存放地点。也就是namenode元数据存放的地方，记录了hdfs系统中文件的元数据。
dfs.datanode.data.dir： datanode数据的存放地点。也就是block块存放的目录了。
dfs.replication：hdfs的副本数设置。也就是上传一个文件，其分割为block块后，每个block的冗余副本个数，默认配置是3。
dfs.secondary.http.address：secondarynamenode 运行节点的信息，和 namenode 不同节点
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>/home/hadoop/data/hadoopdata/name</value>
<description>为了保证元数据的安全一般配置多个不同目录</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>/home/hadoop/data/hadoopdata/data</value>
<description>datanode 的数据存储目录</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>2</value>
<description>HDFS 的数据块的副本存储个数, 默认是3</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.secondary.http.address</name>
<value>hadoop3:50090</value>
<description>secondarynamenode 运行节点的信息，和 namenode 不同节点</description>
</property>
</configuration>
D. mapred-site.xml
[hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ cp mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml
[hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ vi mapred-site.xml
mapreduce.framework.name：指定mr框架为yarn方式,Hadoop二代MP也基于资源管理系统Yarn来运行 。
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
</configuration>
E. yarn-site.xml
[hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ vi yarn-site.xml
yarn.resourcemanager.hostname：yarn总管理器的IPC通讯地址
yarn.nodemanager.aux-services：
<configuration>
<!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>hadoop4</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
<description>YARN 集群为 MapReduce 程序提供的 shuffle 服务</description>
</property>
</configuration>
F. slaves
[hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ vi slaves
hadoop1
hadoop2
hadoop3
hadoop4
4、把安装包分别分发给其他的节点
重点强调： 每台服务器中的hadoop安装包的目录必须一致， 安装包的配置信息还必须保持一致
重点强调： 每台服务器中的hadoop安装包的目录必须一致， 安装包的配置信息还必须保持一致
重点强调： 每台服务器中的hadoop安装包的目录必须一致， 安装包的配置信息还必须保持一致
[hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ scp -r ~/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/ hadoop2:~/apps/ [hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ scp -r ~/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/ hadoop3:~/apps/ [hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ scp -r ~/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/ hadoop4:~/apps/
注意：上面的命令等同于下面的命令
[hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ scp -r ~/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/ hadoop@hadoop2:~/apps/
5、配置Hadoop环境变量
千万注意：
1、如果你使用root用户进行安装。 vi /etc/profile 即可 系统变量
2、如果你使用普通用户进行安装。 vi ~/.bashrc 用户变量
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ vi .bashrc
export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5 export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:
使环境变量生效
[hadoop@hadoop1 bin]$ source ~/.bashrc
6、查看hadoop版本
[hadoop@hadoop1 bin]$ hadoop version Hadoop 2.7.5 Subversion Unknown -r Unknown Compiled by root on 2017-12-24T05:30Z Compiled with protoc 2.5.0 From source with checksum 9f118f95f47043332d51891e37f736e9 This command was run using /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.7.5.jar [hadoop@hadoop1 bin]$
7、Hadoop初始化
注意：HDFS初始化只能在主节点上进行
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hadoop namenode -format
1 [hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hadoop namenode -format 2 DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated. 3 Instead use the hdfs command for it. 4 5 18/03/03 11:13:24 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG: 6 /************************************************************ 7 STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode 8 STARTUP_MSG: host = hadoop1/192.168.123.102 9 STARTUP_MSG: args = [-format] 10 STARTUP_MSG: version = 2.7.5 11 STARTUP_MSG: classpath = /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/etc/hadoop:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/paranamer-2.3.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/httpclient-4.2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jets3t-0.9.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-net-3.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/apacheds-i18n-2.0.0-M15.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jetty-sslengine-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-math3-3.1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsr305-3.0.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jaxb-impl-2.2.3-1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsch-0.1.54.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsp-api-2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/hadoop-auth-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/mockito-all-1.8.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/zookeeper-3.4.6.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-logging-1.1.3.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jaxb-api-2.2.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-json-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-lang-2.6.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/gson-2.2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/httpcore-4.2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/java-xmlbuilder-0.4.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-httpclient-3.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jettison-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-api-1.7.10.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/api-asn1-api-1.0.0-M20.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/api-util-1.0.0-M20.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/xmlenc-0.52.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/hadoop-annotations-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-beanutils-core-1.8.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/curator-framework-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/apacheds-kerberos-codec-2.0.0-M15.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/htrace-core-3.1.0-incubating.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/curator-client-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-digester-1.8.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/activation-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-xc-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-beanutils-1.7.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/stax-api-1.0-2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/avro-1.7.4.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/junit-4.11.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-jaxrs-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-collections-3.2.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/curator-recipes-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-configuration-1.6.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-nfs-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.7.5-tests.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/xercesImpl-2.9.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jsr305-3.0.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/netty-all-4.0.23.Final.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-logging-1.1.3.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-daemon-1.0.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-lang-2.6.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/leveldbjni-all-1.8.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/xml-apis-1.3.04.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/xmlenc-0.52.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/htrace-core-3.1.0-incubating.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-nfs-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-2.7.5-tests.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jsr305-3.0.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jaxb-impl-2.2.3-1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/guice-servlet-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/zookeeper-3.4.6.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/zookeeper-3.4.6-tests.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-logging-1.1.3.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jaxb-api-2.2.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-json-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/javax.inject-1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-lang-2.6.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/leveldbjni-all-1.8.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-client-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-guice-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jettison-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/guice-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/activation-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-xc-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/stax-api-1.0-2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-jaxrs-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-collections-3.2.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-client-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-tests-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-common-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-api-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-sharedcachemanager-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-common-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-registry-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-applicationhistoryservice-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/paranamer-2.3.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/guice-servlet-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/javax.inject-1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/leveldbjni-all-1.8.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-guice-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/hadoop-annotations-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/guice-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/avro-1.7.4.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/junit-4.11.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-app-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.7.5-tests.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-common-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-core-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins-2.7.5.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar 12 STARTUP_MSG: build = Unknown -r Unknown; compiled by 'root' on 2017-12-24T05:30Z 13 STARTUP_MSG: java = 1.8.0_73 14 ************************************************************/ 15 18/03/03 11:13:24 INFO namenode.NameNode: registered UNIX signal handlers for [TERM, HUP, INT] 16 18/03/03 11:13:24 INFO namenode.NameNode: createNameNode [-format] 17 18/03/03 11:13:25 WARN common.Util: Path /home/hadoop/data/hadoopdata/name should be specified as a URI in configuration files. Please update hdfs configuration. 18 18/03/03 11:13:25 WARN common.Util: Path /home/hadoop/data/hadoopdata/name should be specified as a URI in configuration files. Please update hdfs configuration. 19 Formatting using clusterid: CID-5cc0d14d-6100-4a01-b12c-d1ebfdbd8531 20 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: No KeyProvider found. 21 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsLock is fair: true 22 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Detailed lock hold time metrics enabled: false 23 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.DatanodeManager: dfs.block.invalidate.limit=1000 24 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.DatanodeManager: dfs.namenode.datanode.registration.ip-hostname-check=true 25 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: dfs.namenode.startup.delay.block.deletion.sec is set to 000:00:00:00.000 26 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: The block deletion will start around 2018 三月 03 11:13:25 27 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map BlocksMap 28 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit 29 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO util.GSet: 2.0% max memory 966.7 MB = 19.3 MB 30 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^21 = 2097152 entries 31 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: dfs.block.access.token.enable=false 32 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: defaultReplication = 2 33 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxReplication = 512 34 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: minReplication = 1 35 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxReplicationStreams = 2 36 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: replicationRecheckInterval = 3000 37 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: encryptDataTransfer = false 38 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxNumBlocksToLog = 1000 39 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner = hadoop (auth:SIMPLE) 40 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup = supergroup 41 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled = true 42 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: HA Enabled: false 43 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Append Enabled: true 44 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map INodeMap 45 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit 46 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO util.GSet: 1.0% max memory 966.7 MB = 9.7 MB 47 18/03/03 11:13:25 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^20 = 1048576 entries 48 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.FSDirectory: ACLs enabled? false 49 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.FSDirectory: XAttrs enabled? true 50 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.FSDirectory: Maximum size of an xattr: 16384 51 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.NameNode: Caching file names occuring more than 10 times 52 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map cachedBlocks 53 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit 54 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO util.GSet: 0.25% max memory 966.7 MB = 2.4 MB 55 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^18 = 262144 entries 56 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.threshold-pct = 0.9990000128746033 57 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.min.datanodes = 0 58 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.extension = 30000 59 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO metrics.TopMetrics: NNTop conf: dfs.namenode.top.window.num.buckets = 10 60 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO metrics.TopMetrics: NNTop conf: dfs.namenode.top.num.users = 10 61 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO metrics.TopMetrics: NNTop conf: dfs.namenode.top.windows.minutes = 1,5,25 62 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache on namenode is enabled 63 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache will use 0.03 of total heap and retry cache entry expiry time is 600000 millis 64 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map NameNodeRetryCache 65 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit 66 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO util.GSet: 0.029999999329447746% max memory 966.7 MB = 297.0 KB 67 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^15 = 32768 entries 68 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.FSImage: Allocated new BlockPoolId: BP-269129172-192.168.123.102-1520046806111 69 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /home/hadoop/data/hadoopdata/name has been successfully formatted. 70 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.FSImageFormatProtobuf: Saving image file /home/hadoop/data/hadoopdata/name/current/fsimage.ckpt_0000000000000000000 using no compression 71 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.FSImageFormatProtobuf: Image file /home/hadoop/data/hadoopdata/name/current/fsimage.ckpt_0000000000000000000 of size 323 bytes saved in 0 seconds. 72 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.NNStorageRetentionManager: Going to retain 1 images with txid >= 0 73 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 0 74 18/03/03 11:13:26 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG: 75 /************************************************************ 76 SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at hadoop1/192.168.123.102 77 ************************************************************/ 78 [hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$
8、启动
A. 启动HDFS
注意：不管在集群中的那个节点都可以
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ start-dfs.sh Starting namenodes on [hadoop1] hadoop1: starting namenode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop1.out hadoop3: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop3.out hadoop2: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop2.out hadoop4: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop4.out hadoop1: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop1.out Starting secondary namenodes [hadoop3] hadoop3: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-hadoop3.out [hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$
B. 启动YARN
注意：只能在主节点中进行启动
[hadoop@hadoop4 ~]$ start-yarn.sh starting yarn daemons starting resourcemanager, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-hadoop4.out hadoop2: starting nodemanager, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-hadoop2.out hadoop3: starting nodemanager, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-hadoop3.out hadoop4: starting nodemanager, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-hadoop4.out hadoop1: starting nodemanager, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-hadoop1.out [hadoop@hadoop4 ~]$
9、查看4台服务器的进程
hadoop1
hadoop2
hadoop3
hadoop4
10、启动HDFS和YARN的web管理界面
HDFS : http://192.168.123.102:50070
YARN ： http://hadoop05:8088
疑惑： fs.defaultFS = hdfs://hadoop02:9000
解答：客户单访问HDFS集群所使用的URL地址
同时，HDFS提供了一个web管理界面 端口：50070
HDFS界面
点击Datanodes可以查看四个节点
YARN界面
点击Nodes可以查看节点
Hadoop的简单使用
创建文件夹
在HDFS上创建一个文件夹/test/input
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hadoop fs -mkdir -p /test/input
查看创建的文件夹
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hadoop fs -ls / Found 1 items drwxr-xr-x - hadoop supergroup 0 2018-03-03 11:33 /test [hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hadoop fs -ls /test Found 1 items drwxr-xr-x - hadoop supergroup 0 2018-03-03 11:33 /test/input [hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$
上传文件
创建一个文件words.txt
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ vi words.txt
hello zhangsan
hello lisi
hello wangwu
上传到HDFS的/test/input文件夹中
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hadoop fs -put ~/words.txt /test/input
查看是否上传成功
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hadoop fs -ls /test/input Found 1 items -rw-r--r-- 2 hadoop supergroup 39 2018-03-03 11:37 /test/input/words.txt [hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$
下载文件
将刚刚上传的文件下载到~/data文件夹中
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hadoop fs -get /test/input/words.txt ~/data
查看是否下载成功
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ ls data
hadoopdata words.txt
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$
运行一个mapreduce的例子程序： wordcount
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hadoop jar ~/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.5.jar wordcount /test/input /test/output
在YARN Web界面查看
查看结果
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hadoop fs -ls /test/output Found 2 items -rw-r--r-- 2 hadoop supergroup 0 2018-03-03 11:42 /test/output/_SUCCESS -rw-r--r-- 2 hadoop supergroup 35 2018-03-03 11:42 /test/output/part-r-00000 [hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hadoop fs -cat /test/output/part-r-00000 hello 3 lisi 1 wangwu 1 zhangsan 1 [hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$
