一、目录结构
首先我们还是来看一下 mosquitto-1.4.14 的源码目录结构
我们主要关注 client、lib、src 这三个目录。其中 src 和 lib 目录下主要放置 mosquitto 的实现代码以及部分底层与网络相关的操作,client 目录主要为两个客户端程序的实现源码。
我们主要就是来看看,这两个客户端的实现源码。
二、SUB 客户端源码

首先我们先看 sub_client.c
我们从 main 函数开始。

查看结构体:
结构体 struct mosq_config 主要为 MQTT 的配置信息
- struct mosq_config {
- char *id;
- char *id_prefix;
- int protocol_version;
- int keepalive;
- char *host;
- int port;
- int qos;
- bool retain;
- int pub_mode; /* pub */
- char *file_input; /* pub */
- char *message; /* pub */
- long msglen; /* pub */
- char *topic; /* pub */
- char *bind_address;
- #ifdef WITH_SRV
- bool use_srv;
- #endif
- bool debug;
- bool quiet;
- unsigned int max_inflight;
- char *username;
- char *password;
- char *will_topic;
- char *will_payload;
- long will_payloadlen;
- int will_qos;
- bool will_retain;
- #ifdef WITH_TLS
- char *cafile;
- char *capath;
- char *certfile;
- char *keyfile;
- char *ciphers;
- bool insecure;
- char *tls_version;
- # ifdef WITH_TLS_PSK
- char *psk;
- char *psk_identity;
- # endif
- #endif
- bool clean_session; /* sub */
- char **topics; /* sub */
- int topic_count; /* sub */
- bool no_retain; /* sub */
- char **filter_outs; /* sub */
- int filter_out_count; /* sub */
- bool verbose; /* sub */
- bool eol; /* sub */
- int msg_count; /* sub */
- #ifdef WITH_SOCKS
- char *socks5_host;
- int socks5_port;
- char *socks5_username;
- char *socks5_password;
- #endif
- };
结构体 struct mosquito 主要用于保存一个客户端连接的所有信息,例如用户名、密码、用户ID、向该客户端发送的消息等
- struct mosquitto {
- mosq_sock_t sock;
- #ifndef WITH_BROKER
- mosq_sock_t sockpairR, sockpairW;
- #endif
- #if defined(__GLIBC__) && defined(WITH_ADNS)
- struct gaicb *adns; /* For getaddrinfo_a */
- #endif
- enum _mosquitto_protocol protocol;
- char *address;
- char *id;
- char *username;
- char *password;
- uint16_t keepalive;
- uint16_t last_mid;
- enum mosquitto_client_state state;
- time_t last_msg_in;
- time_t next_msg_out;
- time_t ping_t;
- struct _mosquitto_packet in_packet;
- struct _mosquitto_packet *current_out_packet;
- struct _mosquitto_packet *out_packet;
- struct mosquitto_message *will;
- #ifdef WITH_TLS
- SSL *ssl;
- SSL_CTX *ssl_ctx;
- char *tls_cafile;
- char *tls_capath;
- char *tls_certfile;
- char *tls_keyfile;
- int (*tls_pw_callback)(char *buf, int size, int rwflag, void *userdata);
- char *tls_version;
- char *tls_ciphers;
- char *tls_psk;
- char *tls_psk_identity;
- int tls_cert_reqs;
- bool tls_insecure;
- #endif
- bool want_write;
- bool want_connect;
- #if defined(WITH_THREADING) && !defined(WITH_BROKER)
- pthread_mutex_t callback_mutex;
- pthread_mutex_t log_callback_mutex;
- pthread_mutex_t msgtime_mutex;
- pthread_mutex_t out_packet_mutex;
- pthread_mutex_t current_out_packet_mutex;
- pthread_mutex_t state_mutex;
- pthread_mutex_t in_message_mutex;
- pthread_mutex_t out_message_mutex;
- pthread_mutex_t mid_mutex;
- pthread_t thread_id;
- #endif
- bool clean_session;
- #ifdef WITH_BROKER
- bool is_dropping;
- bool is_bridge;
- struct _mqtt3_bridge *bridge;
- struct mosquitto_client_msg *msgs;
- struct mosquitto_client_msg *last_msg;
- int msg_count;
- int msg_count12;
- struct _mosquitto_acl_user *acl_list;
- struct _mqtt3_listener *listener;
- time_t disconnect_t;
- struct _mosquitto_packet *out_packet_last;
- struct _mosquitto_subhier **subs;
- int sub_count;
- int pollfd_index;
- # ifdef WITH_WEBSOCKETS
- # if defined(LWS_LIBRARY_VERSION_NUMBER)
- struct lws *wsi;
- # else
- struct libwebsocket_context *ws_context;
- struct libwebsocket *wsi;
- # endif
- # endif
- bool ws_want_write;
- #else
- # ifdef WITH_SOCKS
- char *socks5_host;
- int socks5_port;
- char *socks5_username;
- char *socks5_password;
- # endif
- void *userdata;
- bool in_callback;
- unsigned int message_retry;
- time_t last_retry_check;
- struct mosquitto_message_all *in_messages;
- struct mosquitto_message_all *in_messages_last;
- struct mosquitto_message_all *out_messages;
- struct mosquitto_message_all *out_messages_last;
- void (*on_connect)(struct mosquitto *, void *userdata, int rc);
- void (*on_disconnect)(struct mosquitto *, void *userdata, int rc);
- void (*on_publish)(struct mosquitto *, void *userdata, int mid);
- void (*on_message)(struct mosquitto *, void *userdata, const struct mosquitto_message *message);
- void (*on_subscribe)(struct mosquitto *, void *userdata, int mid, int qos_count, const int *granted_qos);
- void (*on_unsubscribe)(struct mosquitto *, void *userdata, int mid);
- void (*on_log)(struct mosquitto *, void *userdata, int level, const char *str);
- //void (*on_error)();
- char *host;
- int port;
- int in_queue_len;
- int out_queue_len;
- char *bind_address;
- unsigned int reconnect_delay;
- unsigned int reconnect_delay_max;
- bool reconnect_exponential_backoff;
- char threaded;
- struct _mosquitto_packet *out_packet_last;
- int inflight_messages;
- int max_inflight_messages;
- # ifdef WITH_SRV
- ares_channel achan;
- # endif
- #endif
- #ifdef WITH_BROKER
- UT_hash_handle hh_id;
- UT_hash_handle hh_sock;
- struct mosquitto *for_free_next;
- #endif
- };

client_config_load 客户端配置负载
第二个参数,可选择选择是 PUB 还是 SUB
然后看到 init_config 函数

可以看到一些初始化配置
- void init_config(struct mosq_config *cfg)
- {
- memset(cfg, 0, sizeof(*cfg));
- cfg->port = 1883;
- cfg->max_inflight = 20;
- cfg->keepalive = 60;
- cfg->clean_session = true;
- cfg->eol = true;
- cfg->protocol_version = MQTT_PROTOCOL_V31;
- }
mosquitto_lib_init 初始化 (重点)

- int mosquitto_lib_init(void)
- {
- #ifdef WIN32
- srand(GetTickCount());
- #else
- struct timeval tv;
- gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
- srand(tv.tv_sec*1000 + tv.tv_usec/1000);
- #endif
- _mosquitto_net_init();
- return MOSQ_ERR_SUCCESS;
- }
所在文件 mosquitto-1.4.14/lib/mosquitto.c 所以说需要链接动态库 libmosquitto.so.1

client_id_generate 生成客户端 ID
其实就是我们讲MQTT服务器的时候,订阅主题然后在服务器上多出的那一行信息。
里面的 mosqsub|2431-ubuntu 就是客户端 ID。这个函数就是干这个。
- 1502159601: New client connected from 127.0.0.1 as mosqsub|2431-ubuntu (c1, k60)
mosquitto_new 新建一个 mosq。
(重点)

看了一下这个函数里面就是一些初始化的东西
然后可以看到它也是在 lib 目录下定义的。所以说需要链接动态库 libmosquitto.so.1。其他不用改。

client_ipts_set 各种设置。懒得看...

一些调试信息
以及订阅回调设置 mosquitto_subscribe_callback_set
(重要)
连接回调设置,和信息回调设置
(重点)

这两个函数都是在lib目录下定义的。里面都是有互斥锁的。
client_connect 客户端连接

int client_connect(struct mosquitto *mosq, struct mosq_config *cfg)
- {
- char err[1024];
- int rc;
- #ifdef WITH_SRV
- if(cfg->use_srv){
- rc = mosquitto_connect_srv(mosq, cfg->host, cfg->keepalive, cfg->bind_address);
- }else{
- rc = mosquitto_connect_bind(mosq, cfg->host, cfg->port, cfg->keepalive, cfg->bind_address);
- }
- #else
- rc = mosquitto_connect_bind(mosq, cfg->host, cfg->port, cfg->keepalive, cfg->bind_address);
- #endif
- if(rc>0){
- if(!cfg->quiet){
- if(rc == MOSQ_ERR_ERRNO){
- #ifndef WIN32
- strerror_r(errno, err, 1024);
- #else
- FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM, NULL, errno, 0, (LPTSTR)&err, 1024, NULL);
- #endif
- fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", err);
- }else{
- fprintf(stderr, "Unable to connect (%s).\n", mosquitto_strerror(rc));
- }
- }
- mosquitto_lib_cleanup();
- return rc;
- }
- return MOSQ_ERR_SUCCESS;
- }
mosquitto_connect_srv
mosquitto_connect_bind --> _mosquitto_connect_init
mosquitto_connect_bind --> _mosquitto_connect_init

然后不断回环,里面的参数自己看。
最后是 mosq 的销毁和库的关闭。
(重点)

到此结束!!
三、PUB 客户端源码
接下来来看 pub_client.c 有一些相同部分我就不再重复了。
client_config_load 客户端配置负载
第二个参数,可选择选择是 PUB 还是 SUB

一些配置信息的比较

mosquitto_lib_init 初始化 (重点)


client_id_generate 生成客户端 ID
mosquitto_new 新建一个 mosq。
(重点)

调试信息这里面就没有了订阅回调设置 mosquitto_subscribe_callback_set

然后这里看这里,是有区别的。
(重点)

connect、disconnect、publish. 这些回调设置

client_ipts_set 各种设置。懒得看...
client_connect 客户端连接

回环开始、结束

最重要的来了,do while循环里的发布内容
(重点)

这里的 qos 就是消息发布服务质量级别。

然后还有 retain 用于区分新老订阅者
RETAIN标志位只用于 PUBLISH 消息,当服务器收到某个主题的 PUBLISH 消息时,如果RETAIN标志位为1,则表示服务在将该消息发送给所有的已订阅该主题的订阅者后(发送前服务器将RETAIN标志置为0),还需保持这条消息,当有新增的订阅者时,再将这条消息发给新增的订阅者;如果RETAIN标志位为0,则不保持消息,也不用发给新增的订阅者。
目的:
1.将RETAIN标志位置为1,可使新的订阅者收到之前保持的或上一个确定有效的消息。
2.区分新订阅者(RETAIN标志为1)和老订阅者(RETAIN标志为0)
1.将RETAIN标志位置为1,可使新的订阅者收到之前保持的或上一个确定有效的消息。
2.区分新订阅者(RETAIN标志为1)和老订阅者(RETAIN标志为0)
源码中这两个参数的设置都是 0

最后是 mosq 的销毁和库的关闭。
(重点)
