Redis实现消息队列


基于Redis消息队列-实现短信服务化

1.Redis实现消息队列原理

常用的消息队列有RabbitMQ,ActiveMQ,个人觉得这种消息队列太大太重,本文介绍下基于redis的轻量级消息队列服务。 
一般来说,消息队列有两种模式,一种是发布者订阅模式,另外一种是生产者和消费者模式。Redis的消息队列,也是基于这2种原理的实现。 
发布者和订阅者模式:发布者发送消息到队列,每个订阅者都能收到一样的消息。 
生产者和消费者模式:生产者将消息放入队列,多个消费者共同监听,谁先抢到资源,谁就从队列中取走消息去处理。注意,每个消息只能最多被一个消费者接收。

2.Redis消息队列使用场景

在我们的项目中,使用消息队列来实现短信的服务化,任何需要发送短信的模块,都可以直接调用短信服务来完成短信的发送。比如用户系统登录注册短信,订单系统的下单成功的短信等。

3.SpringMVC中实现Redis消息队列

因为我们短信只需要发送一次,所以我们使用的是消息队列的生产者和消费者模式。  

3.1引入Maven依赖

引入Redis相应的maven依赖,这里需要spring-data-redis和jedis

 1  //pom.xml
 2     <dependency>
 3         <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
 4         <artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
 5         <version>1.6.0.RELEASE</version>
 6     </dependency>
 7 
 8       <!-- jedis -->
 9       <dependency>
10             <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
11             <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
12              <version>2.5.1</version>
13         </dependency>

3.2配置redis生成者消费者模式

 1   //applicationContext-redis.xml
 2     <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 3 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 4     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 5     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 6     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
 7     xmlns:redis="http://www.springframework.org/schema/redis"
 8     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
 9                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-34.0.xsd     
10                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
11                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
12                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
13                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.0.xsd
14                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/redis http://www.springframework.org/schema/redis/spring-redis-1.0.xsd">
15     <description>spring-data-redis配置</description>
16 
17     <bean id="redisConnectionFactory"
18         class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory">
19         <property name="hostName" value="${redis.host}"></property>
20         <property name="port" value="${redis.port}"></property>
21         <property name="usePool" value="true"></property>
22     </bean>
23 
24     <bean id="redisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate">
25         <property name="connectionFactory" ref="redisConnectionFactory"></property>
26     </bean>
27 
28     <bean id="jdkSerializer"
29         class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer" />
30 
31     <bean id="smsMessageListener"
32         class="org.springframework.data.redis.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter">
33         <property name="delegate" ref="smsMessageDelegateListener" />
34         <property name="serializer" ref="jdkSerializer" />
35     </bean>
36 
37     <bean id="sendMessage" class="com.djt.common.cache.redis.queue.SendMessage">
38         <property name="redisTemplate" ref="redisTemplate"/>
39     </bean>
40 
41     <redis:listener-container>
42         <redis:listener ref="smsMessageListener" method="handleMessage"
43             serializer="jdkSerializer" topic="sms_queue_web_online" />
44     </redis:listener-container>
45 
46     <!-- jedis -->
47     <bean id="jedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
48         <property name="maxIdle" value="300" /> <!-- 最大能够保持idel状态的对象数  -->
49         <property name="maxTotal" value="60000" /> <!-- 最大分配的对象数 -->
50         <property name="testOnBorrow" value="true" /> <!-- 当调用borrow Object方法时,是否进行有效性检查 -->
51     </bean>
52 
53     <bean id="jedisPool" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool">
54         <constructor-arg index="0" ref="jedisPoolConfig" />
55         <constructor-arg index="1" value="${redis.host}" />
56         <constructor-arg index="2" value="${redis.port}" type="int" />
57     </bean>
58 
59 </beans>

主要的配置说明: 
1.序列化:一般我们向Redis发送一个消息定义的Java对象,这个对象需要序列化。这里使用JdkSerializationRedisSerializer:

1 <bean id="jdkSerializer" class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer" />

2.发送者:

1 <bean id="sendMessage" class="com.djt.common.cache.redis.queue.SendMessage">
2       <property name="redisTemplate" ref="redisTemplate"/>
3</bean>

3.监听者:

1 <bean id="smsMessageListener"
2         class="org.springframework.data.redis.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter">
3         <property name="delegate" ref="smsMessageDelegateListener" />
4         <property name="serializer" ref="jdkSerializer" />
5     </bean>
6     <redis:listener-container>
7         <redis:listener ref="smsMessageListener" method="handleMessage"
8             serializer="jdkSerializer" topic="sms_queue_web_online" />
9     </redis:listener-container>

smsMessageListener:消息监听器 
redis:listener-Container:定义消息监听,method:监听消息执行的方法,serializer:序列化,topic:监听主题(可以理解为队列名称)

3.3代码实现

1.定义短信消息对象SmsMessageVo

 1 public class SmsMessageVo implements Serializable {
 2     //id
 3     private Integer smsId;
 4 
 5     //手机号
 6     private String mobile;
 7 
 8     //类型,1:验证码 2:订单通知
 9     private Byte type;
10 
11     //短信创建时间
12     private Date createDate;
13 
14     //短信消息处理时间
15     private Date processTime;
16 
17     //短信状态,1:未发送 2:发送成功 3:发送失败
18     private Byte status;
19 
20     //短信内容
21     private String content;
22 
23     //省略setter和getter方法
24     ...

2.定义消息队列发送对象SendMessage

 1 //SendMessage.java
 2 public class SendMessage {
 3 
 4     private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
 5 
 6 
 7     public RedisTemplate<String, Object> getRedisTemplate() {
 8         return redisTemplate;
 9     }
10 
11 
12 
13     public void setRedisTemplate(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
14         this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
15     }
16 
17 
18 
19     public void sendMessage(String channel, Serializable message) {
20         redisTemplate.convertAndSend(channel, message);
21     }
22 }

3.发送消息

 1   String smsContent = templateToContent(template.getContent(),
 2                     regMsgCode);
 3     SmsMessageVo smsMessageVo = new SmsMessageVo();
 4     smsMessageVo.setMobile(mobile);
 5     smsMessageVo.setType((byte) SmsType.VERIFICATION.getType());
 6     smsMessageVo.setChannelId(1);
 7     smsMessageVo.setContent(smsContent);
 8     smsMessageVo.setCreateDate(new Date());
 9     smsMessageVo.setStatus((byte) SmsSendStatus.TO_SEND.getType());
10     smsMessageVo.setTemplateId(1);
11 
12     //先把待发送的短信存入数据库
13     SmsQueue smsQueue = new SmsQueue();
14     BeanUtils.copyProperties(smsQueue, smsMessageVo);
15     smsQueueService.addSmsQueue(smsQueue);
16 
17     //异步发送短信到redis队列
18     sendMessage.sendMessage(Constants.REDIS_QUEUE_SMS_WEB, smsMessageVo);
19     //Constants.REDIS_QUEUE_SMS_WEB = "sms_queue_web_online",和applicationContext-redis中topic配置一样

4.监听消息

 1 //SmsMessageDelegateListener.java
 2 @Component("smsMessageDelegateListener")
 3 public class SmsMessageDelegateListener {
 4 
 5     @Autowired
 6     private SmsQueueService smsQueueService;
 7 
 8     //监听Redis消息
 9     public void handleMessage(Serializable message){
10         if(message instanceof SmsMessageVo){
11             SmsMessageVo messageVo = (SmsMessageVo) message;
12 
13             //发送短信
14             SmsSender smsSender = SmsSenderFactory.buildEMaySender();
15             smsSender.setMobile(messageVo.getMobile());
16             smsSender.setContent(messageVo.getContent());
17             boolean sendSucc = false;
18             //判断短信类型
19             //验证码短信
20             if(messageVo.getType() == (byte)SmsType.VERIFICATION.getType()){
21                 sendSucc = smsSender.send();
22             }
23 
24 
25             if(!sendSucc){
26                 return;
27             }
28 
29             // 异步更新短信表状态为发送成功
30             final Integer smsId = messageVo.getSmsId();
31             Executor executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
32             executor.execute(new Runnable() {
33                 public void run() {
34                     SmsQueue smsQueue = new SmsQueue();
35                     smsQueue.setSmsId(smsId);
36                     smsQueue.setStatus((byte)SmsSendStatus.SEND.getType());
37                     smsQueue.setProcessTime(new Date());
38                     smsQueueService.updateSmsQueue(smsQueue);
39                 }
40             });
41 
42         }
43     }
44 }

4.总结

下面使用一张流程图,来总结Redis消息队列和短信服务。 

这里写图片描述

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


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