Linux Kernel API


记录一些Linux Device Drivers中常用的API。

Linux官方提供的内核文档:

1、 最新版: https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/

2、 4.10: https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v4.10/

3、 Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager 或者查看PDF版本


一、内存分配

1.    void *devm_kmalloc(struct device *dev, size_t size, gfp_t gfp)

2、 void *devm_kzalloc(struct device *dev, size_t size, gfp_t gfp)

3、 void devm_kfree(struct device *dev, void *p)

4、 struct resource *platform_get_resource(struct platform_device *dev, unsigned int type, unsigned int num)
5、 int platform_get_irq(struct platform_device *dev, unsigned int num)
6、 struct resource *platform_get_resource_byname(struct platform_device *dev, unsigned int type, const char *name)
7、 int platform_get_irq_byname(struct platform_device *dev, const char *name)
示例(4、5、6、7几个API的调用):

 1 设备树:
 2         reg = <0x15240000 0x2c000>,
 3             <0x15204000 0x20000>;
 4         reg-names = "slimbus_physical", "slimbus_bam_physical";
 5         interrupts = <0 291 0>, <0 292 0>;
 6         interrupt-names = "slimbus_irq", "slimbus_bam_irq";
 7 
 8 驱动:
 9 
10     struct resource        *bam_mem;
11     struct resource        *slim_mem;
12     struct resource        *irq, *bam_irq;
13 
14 
15     slim_mem = platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM,
16                         "slimbus_physical");
17         等价于: platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0)
18 
19     bam_mem = platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM,
20                         "slimbus_bam_physical");
21         等价于: platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 1)
22 
23     irq = platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ,
24                         "slimbus_irq");
25         等价于: platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, 026 
27     bam_irq = platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ,
28                         "slimbus_bam_irq");
29         等价于: platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, 1
View Code

8、  char *kstrdup(const char *s, gfp_t gfp);

功能: 分配一块内存空间(kmalloc + gfp),然后将s指向的字符串拷贝到这块内存中并返回该内存的首地址

9、void *kmemdup(const void *src, size_t len, gfp_t gfp);

功能:分配一块长度为len的内存(kmalloc+gfp),然后将src到(src + len)内存的内容copy到新分配的内存中,然后返回该内存的首地址

10、void *memdup_user(const void __user *src, size_t len);

功能: 分配一块长度为len的内存(kmalloc + gfp),然后将用户空间的地址src到(src+len)范围的内存使用copy_from_user的方式拷贝到

新分配的内存当中,最后返回新分配的内存的首地址

 

 

 

 

 

二、GPIO相关

1、static inline int of_get_named_gpio(struct device_node *np, const char *propname, int index)

获得GPIO号, 失败的话,会返回负数, 可以用gpio_is_valid来检查解析到的gpio是否合法:

1 设备树: 2 qcom,cdc-us-euro-gpios = <&tlmm 128 0>
3 
4 驱动: 5     pdata->us_euro_gpio = of_get_named_gpio(pdev->dev.of_node, 6                     "qcom,cdc-us-euro-gpios", 0);
View Code

 2、 int of_get_gpio(struct device_node *np, int index)

从设备树的gpios属性中解析出第index个gpio资源:

1 设备树:
2         gpios = <&gpf1 5 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>, <&gpf1 4 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
3 驱动:
4 int sda_pin, scl_pin;
5 
6 sda_pin = of_get_gpio(np, 0);
7 scl_pin = of_get_gpio(np, 1);
of_get_gpio

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

三、端口映射

 

1、void __iomem *devm_ioremap_resource(struct device *dev, struct resource *res)
示例:

View Code

2、 void devm_iounmap(struct device *dev, void __iomem *addr)

3、 void __iomem *devm_ioremap(struct device *dev, resource_size_t offset,  resource_size_t size)
4、 void __iomem *of_iomap(struct device_node *np, int index)

5、void __iomem *of_io_request_and_map(struct device_node *np, int index, const char *name)

 

 

 

四、设备树相关

1. bool of_property_read_bool(const struct device_node *np, const char *propname)

如果存在该属性,那么返回true,否则返回false
2. int of_property_read_u8(const struct device_node *np, const char *propname, u8 *out_value)
读取一个unsigned char, 成功返回0, 失败的话返回负数
这里需要注意的是: 设备树中对应的属性是 property_name = /bits/ 8 <0x50>

3. int of_property_read_u16(const struct device_node *np, const char *propname, u16 *out_value)
读取一个unsigned short, 成功返回0, 失败的话返回负数

这里需要注意的是: 设备树中对应的属性是 property = /bits/ 16 <0x5000 0x6000 0x7000>

4. int of_property_read_u32(const struct device_node *np, const char *propname, u32 *out_value)
读取一个unsigned int, 成功返回0, 失败的话返回负数

5、const struct of_device_id *of_match_node(const struct of_device_id *matches, const struct device_node *node)
返回matches中跟node相匹配的那一项, 如:

 1 设备树如下:  2  sound {  3             status = "okay";  4             compatible = "qcom,sdm660-asoc-snd";  5  ... ...  6  }  7 
 8 驱动如下:  9 static const struct of_device_id sdm660_asoc_machine_of_match[]  = { 10     { .compatible = "qcom,sdm660-asoc-snd", 11       .data = "internal_codec"}, 12     { .compatible = "qcom,sdm660-asoc-snd-tasha", 13       .data = "tasha_codec"}, 14     { .compatible = "qcom,sdm660-asoc-snd-tavil", 15       .data = "tavil_codec"}, 16  {}, 17 }; 18 
19 static int msm_asoc_machine_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) 20 { 21     const struct of_device_id *match; 22 
23     match = of_match_node(sdm660_asoc_machine_of_match, 24                   pdev->dev.of_node); 25  ... ... 26 } 27 
28 static struct platform_driver sdm660_asoc_machine_driver = { 29     .driver = { 30  ...... 31         .of_match_table = sdm660_asoc_machine_of_match, 32  }, 33  ...... 34 }; 35 module_platform_driver(sdm660_asoc_machine_driver);
View Code

6、 struct device_node *of_parse_phandle(const struct device_node *np, const char *phandle_name, int index)

根据一个handle property解析得到对应的device node, 如:

 1 设备树: 2 
 3 sound { 4             status = "okay"; 5             compatible = "qcom,sdm660-asoc-snd"; 6 ... ... 7             qcom,us-euro-gpios = <0x1b4>; 8 ... ... 9 }; 10 
11         msm_cdc_pinctrl@75 { 12             compatible = "qcom,msm-cdc-pinctrl"; 13 ... ... 14             linux,phandle = <0x1b4>; 15             phandle = <0x1b4>; 16 }; 17 
18 
19 
20 驱动: 21 struct device_node *node; 22 node = of_parse_phandle(pdev->dev.of_node, 23                     "qcom,us-euro-gpios", 0);
View Code




五、中断

 

 

 

 

 

 内核中其他一些不常见的用法示例:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

完。


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